2024中考英语真题大分类 第二部分 读写综合训练 题型二 阅读理解 类别二 说明文 (含解析)

2024中考英语真题大分类 第二部分
读写综合训练 题型二 阅读理解 类别二 说明文
人与自我——生活与学习
子主题1　　家庭生活
Passage 1(2023黔东南州)
Sleep is a physical and mental(精神的) need. We all need to sleep, though the sleep hours are different from person to person. Doctors do not know why we need sleep, but they all agree that sleep is very important to us. Without enough sleep, the body may be weak.
One third of adults have sleeplessness. There are over 80 kinds of sleep related disorders(失调). However, other adults are lucky and have no sleeping problems. They sleep as soon as their heads hit the pillows. Do you sleep well If you have sleeplessness, here are a few suggestions.
1. Make a timetable, and stick to it.
We need to sleep at regular times. If your bedtime and wake up time change from day to day or on weekends, your sleep rhythms(节奏) aren't predicted and the body doesn't know how to act. So it's important to have a regular wake up time, even on weekends, vacations or after a night of poor sleep.
2. Don't lie in bed awake.
“The best sleep tip you can give somebody is to get up—don't lie in bed awake，” sleep expert Grandner said. “Whether it's the beginning of the night or the middle of the night, if you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes, get up and reset(重新调整). Maybe you just need five minutes to get sleepy, or maybe an hour, but don't spend that time awake in bed.”
3. Change your thinking about sleep.
“Many people regard sleeping as the final thing they have to do for daily activities. They would like to work or watch TV very late rather than sleep on time. That thinking needs to be changed.” Grandner said.
“Don't see your sleep as the time you have left in your day，” he advised. “See your sleep as the time you need in order to prepare yourself for an energetic(精力充沛的) tomorrow.”
“It may sound like a small change in thinking, but it's an important one.” Grandner added.
1. What may happen to the body without enough sleep
A. The body may be weak. B. The body may be heavy.
C. The body may be awake. D. The body may be strong.
2. The first suggestion in the passage tells us ________．
A. it's not necessary to sleep regularly
B. it's not necessary to wake up regularly
C. we should always sleep and wake up regularly
D. we should sleep and wake up regularly on weekdays
3. If you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes at night, the best sleep tip is ________．
A. closing your eyes and lying on the bed
B. getting up and resetting
C. drinking some hot tea
D. using a smart phone and turning off the light
4. Which suggestion is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Make a timetable, and stick to it.
B. Don't lie in bed awake.
C. Listen to bedtime stories.
D. Change your thinking about sleep.
5. The best title of the passage may be ________．
A. Sleep Hours Are Different from Person to Person
B. Sleep related Disorders
C. One third of Adults Have Sleeplessness
D. The Importance of Enough Sleep and Suggestions
子主题2　　乐学善学，勤学善思
角度1　乐学善学，勤于反思，学会学习
Passage 2(2023陕西)
Do you know the word migrate It is a word usually used to talk about certain animals such as birds, fish and so on. When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season. For example, swallows(燕子) migrate south in winter. Many animals migrate—they do this often at the same time and to the same place each year. They move to places where conditions are better—where the weather is warmer, where there is more food and water, or where their young will be safer.
People also migrate. When people migrate, they go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work. In English, when people leave their home country in order to live in another country, we use the word emigrate* instead of migrate. From migrate and emigrate come the words migration and emigration. However, if people move from their home country to another to live there forever(永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language. Then the word immigration is born.
Isn't word making of the English language interesting And can this process(过程) of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the language
*Based on Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 6th edition
1. Which of the following situations can match the main idea of Paragraph 1
A. Snakes move into holes to sleep in winter.
B. Fish swim to clean waters because of pollution.
C. Birds fly very far away to find food and return to give it to their babies.
D. Monarch butterflies in North America fly south to stay away from the cold.
2. According to the passage, if people ________， they leave their home country to live in another forever.
A. travel B. migrate C. emigrate D. immigrate
3. The passage is written to ________．
A. introduce migration of animals
B. tell readers a way of learning English
C. show how English words change
D. explain why people migrate
Passage 3(2023重庆A卷)
We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process(过程)．
Let's look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity(重力)．”
This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka”moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn't be forgotten.
Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine “gravity”carefully. He experimented (实验). Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school, we prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.
1. You may read the passage in a ________．
A. notice B. picture C. magazine D. dictionary
2. The underlined word “eureka” in Paragraph(段落) 4 probably means “________”．
A. I've got it B. I give up C. I've no idea D. I believe it
3. The writer mainly develops his idea by ________.
A. raising questions B. giving examples　　
C. listing numbers D. explaining differences
4. The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of ________．
a. He caught the right moment.
b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree.
d. He studied mathematics for long.
A. a－c－d－b B. b－a－c－d C. a－b－c－d D. d－c－a－b
Passage 4(2023南充)
A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives(侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes(前缀) and suffixes(后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. The situation. B. The crime scene.
C. A new and difficult word. D. Everything that is known.
2. If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”？
A. They each pay half. B. Jim pays every time.
C. They take turns paying. D. Their parents pay for them.
3. How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A. By giving a fact. B. By taking an example.
C. By telling a story. D. By having a discussion.
4. “Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A. My brother is my senior by two years.
B. He was ill so he was absent from school.
C. A criminal was sentenced to death by law.
D. 60 students were present at the sports meeting.
5. Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage
(①＝paragraph 1　②＝paragraph 2，...)
角度2　积极的学习体验、恰当的学习方法与策略、勤学善思
Passage 5(2023河北)
1. How can you interest your listeners at the beginning
A. By listing your ideas. B. By telling a funny story.
C. By standing up straight. D. By saying simple words.
2. Which is the “big day” according to the text
A. The day you prepare videos.
B. The day you get some advice.
C. The day you visit your friends.
D. The day you make a presentation.
3. What is the good way to end your presentation
A. To repeat topics. B. To show thanks.
C. To make suggestions. D. To share main ideas.
4. Which question could best help us find out the writer's purpose
A. Did the writer try to teach us skills
B. Did the writer help us understand ideas
C. Did the writer invite us to attend a course
D. Did the writer ask us to be polite in public
Passage 6(2023连云港)
Did you know that vocabulary (词汇) is more important than grammar If you have good vocabulary, you can communicate successfully, even if the grammar is not completely perfect.
However, one common problem is learning new words and then forgetting them. So when you want to use a new word in a conversation, you can't remember it at that moment. Does this often happen to you The reason for this difficulty is that most students try to learn vocabulary by studying lists and dictionaries and remembering the words. But it may not work if you don't have a very good memory.
The best way to learn vocabulary and remember the words successfully, is to learn new words and use them at once. You can do this with a very simple exercise. Every time you learn a new word, for example, from an English lesson or an article, write it down in your vocabulary notebook. Writing is more active than just reading a definition (释义). You should write the word, the definition in English or translation, one example sentence from the article or dictionary and one example sentence that you create.
Imagine you just learn the word “generous”，write in your vocabulary notebook: generous(adjective), definition—giving or willing to give freely. Example one, from the article: Thanks for paying for my dinner, you're very generous. Example two, my example: My brother is generous because he volunteers at the animal shelter on weekends. It's best if your example sentences are true to your life, because this creates a personal connection with the new word. The next day, read your vocabulary notebook again and try to add one more example sentence using the new word. It's helpful for you to remember it. These two simple steps—writing the word and using it at once—help you remember and use new words.
Do you have a vocabulary notebook If not, start now.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. The problem. B. The new word.
C. The conversation. D. The dictionary.
2. What's the correct order of the following steps of taking vocabulary notes
① Make your own example sentence.
② Write the word, its English definition or translation.
③ Copy an example sentence from the article or dictionary.
④ Read your notebook again and add one more example sentence.
A. ②③①④ B. ②③④①
C. ③④②① D. ③②①④
3. How can we make the best example sentences according to the writer
A. By asking for help from friends.
B. By explaining words' definitions.
C. By connecting them with our life.
D. By adding words from the article.
4. What's the best title for the passage
A. Tips for Translating Words B. Advice on Using Grammar
C. Abilities of Creating Examples D. Ways of Learning New Words
人与自我——做人与做事
子主题3　　做身心健康的人
角度1　自信乐观、悦纳自我，有同理心
Passage 1(2023绍兴)
“I wish I had straight hair”； “I'd like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else. However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look. The truth is that everybody is different—and that's a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies is really important for our self confidence(自信)．
Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance Research(CAR), says that having body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”．
If you feel positively(积极地) about your body, you are more likely to take care of it. Research has even shown that you are more likely to take part in activities and perform well in school. However, feeling agitated about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to achieve the “perfect”appearance is high. She says, “If you're spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way, you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.”
It's important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says, “Try to talk positively about your own body and other people's bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance. Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast？” She also suggests treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look.
1. The writer thinks that the pictures on TV and social media ________．
A. are perfect for people to follow
B. may spread wrong ideas of looks
C. imply everyone is different
D. show people how to behave kindly
2. The underlined word “agitated” probably means “________”．
A. scared B. serious C. careless D. worried
3. Parnell will agree that you should________．
A. accept your body as it is
B. avoid talking about others' bodies
C. spend more money on your appearance
D. remember what you used to be like
4. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To encourage readers to take more exercise.
B. To remind readers not to eat too much food.
C. To lead readers to build up body confidence.
D. To advise readers to treat their friends well.
角度2　情绪与情感，情绪与行为的调节与管理
Passage 2(2023无锡)
Studying is not always the most interesting task within your day, but it is a necessary one. Even though it is required, everyone has got bored at one time or another while studying. Although this is a common problem, here are some tips for you to keep boredom away while you are studying.
Find a suitable place to study.
Make sure you are in a place that is free of distraction(分心). Distractions will actually cause you to become more bored because you are reminded of the things you could be doing other than studying.
Make a __▲__ plan.
Plan first. List what you need to get completed and how long you need to complete it. If you know when you can go back to play sports or talk to your friends, you will be more likely to fix your attention on studies.
Mix up your topics.
Change up the topics that you are studying. Mix up what you study every half an hour to an hour or so to avoid boredom. For example, study history for 45 minutes, maths for 45 minutes, and English for 45 minutes. Make sure you don't spend all your time on one subject.
Take notes as you go.
Take a notebook out and write down important notes while you are reading an article in a textbook. Not only will it help keep you engaged, you will also be learning more because you process the information once as you read it and then again as you synthesize the information to write down.
1. Which part of a magazine is the passage most probably taken from
A. Study. B. Health. C. Science. D. Culture.
2. Which word is the most suitable for __▲__？
A. trip B. time C. business D. lunch
3. The passage is mainly about ________．
A. how to learn different subjects
B. how to study without getting bored
C. how to read an article in a text book
D. how to choose a proper place to study
角度3　身心健康、抗挫能力、珍爱生命的意识
Passage 3(2023河北)
Nobody wants to lose, but we must accept that losing is a part of life. After all, we can't win all the time. However, we can learn something valuable from every failure (失败). This may help us succeed in the future. So we must know how to be a good loser.
We must not be afraid of losing. When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it. Failure can't be avoided in our life. Edison failed 10，000 times before he invented the light bulb (灯泡). When he was asked how he felt, he said that he hadn't failed 10，000 times but had learned 10，000 things which didn't work. We must know that history is full of examples of men and women who achieved success although they failed many times.
Losing is not very disgraceful. We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take action to walk out of it. When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve. If someone else can help, we'll be lucky enough. Maybe he or she has been through the same experience before. Many people enjoy helping others solve problems. This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future.
We should face our failure when we lose. There is only one winner in every competition. Some win, while some lose. That is a usual way of life. If we offer our congratulations (祝贺) to the winners and share in their happiness, we won't feel sorry for our failure.
In a word, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Good losers set examples to us, and most importantly, they finally win.
1. What can we learn from every failure according to the text
A. A way of life. B. A valuable thing.
C. A general rule. D. A secret of success.
2. In the writer's eyes, why did Edison achieve success
A. He got help from others. B. He happened to make it.
C. He avoided possible mistakes. D. He saw the bright side of losing.
3. What does the underlined word “disgraceful” probably mean
A. Bad. B. Personal. C. Dangerous. D. Interesting.
4. What does the writer advise the losers to do in a competition
A. Express the regrets.
B. Forget the failure.
C. Share in the winners' enjoyment.
D. Join in another competition.
5. What is the best title for the text
A. Ideas about How to Avoid Mistakes
B. Experience in Dealing with Problems
C. Advice on How to Be a Good Loser
D. Advantages of both Success and Failure
Passage 4(2023湖州)
①There are lots of things that cause stress(压力) in our lives, such as school problems, arguments with friends and sometimes bad feelings about ourselves. We all experience stress at times, but it's important to manage it properly and reduce(减少) its influence. Here are some helpful tips for dealing with stress.
②Sometimes we feel stressed without understanding the reason. So whenever you're stressed, you should stop and think. What is really happening How can you improve the situation Try keeping a diary about your problems and the possible causes.
③Do you always wait until Sunday evening to do homework This bad habit can cause “last minute” stress, as well as poor grades. To avoid that, time management is greatly needed. Plan your studies and other activities with a calendar. You can also divide big projects into smaller tasks. In this way, you'll always know how much time you really have.
④Besides, healthy habits are very important for reducing stress. Be sure to eat healthy meals and get at least eight hours of sleep. Avoid checking your mobile phone or using the computer before bedtime. It will keep you awake!
⑤When you're feeling stressed, it's helpful to speak to someone who understands your situation, such as your friends and families. Sometimes it's enough to talk about your problems and share your feelings. Other times, however, you might need advice or suggestions. Don't keep your worries to yourself.
⑥Finally, relaxation is important. Find some free time for activities that you enjoy, such as sports, hobbies and meeting with friends. For example, seeing a film or hanging out after 5 days' study could be a good choice. If you find some time to relax and enjoy yourself, you'll feel refreshed, have more energy, and reduce your level of stress.
1. What advice does the writer give to reduce stress in Paragraph 3
A. Stop and think. B. Manage your time.
C. Watch your health. D. Reach out for help.
2. How does the writer develop Paragraph 6
A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking questions. D. By giving examples.
3. Which of the following is the structure of the passage
角度4　自我认识、自我管理、自我提升
Passage 5(2023北京)
A Pathway(路径)to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and “makes sense”．
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating(欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life，” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
1. You were most probably in the EA condition when ________．
A. you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
B. you hurried to serve the customers in the store
C. you practiced hard to become the best violinist
D. you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
2. What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage
A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.
C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D. Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.
3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A. It is easier for results driven people to achieve success.
B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C. A fast paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
D. Future life will bring us many more surprises.
4. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage
A. To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
Passage 6(2023福建)
Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality(品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships. Self motivation(自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
1. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)
A. Their classmates. B. Some schools.
C. Most parents. D. Their children.
2. Why are students given chances to take part in activities
A. To get good grades.
B. To improve speaking ability.
C. To express their love for arts.
D. To get the pleasure of success.
3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B. Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C. Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D. Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
4. What is important for making students strong minded
A. Honesty. B. Self motivation.
C. Communication. D. Friends' trust.
5. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Value of Moral Education
B. The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C. The Meaning of Success to Teenagers
D. The Way to Communicate with Others
Passage 7(2023贵阳)
There are two paths(路) in life: Should and Must. We arrive at these crossroads over and over again. And each time, we get to choose.
Should is how others want us to show up in the world—what we should or shouldn't do. When we choose Should, the risk is small.
Must is who we are, what we believe, and what we do when we are alone with our truest self. Must is why Van Gogh painted his whole life without ever receiving public recognition(认可). Must is why Reyna Marder Gentin started to write for the first time after 23 years of being a lawyer.
Choosing Must sounds fantastic, right But Must is scary, hard, and a lot like jumping off a high building where you can't see anything down below. How can we actually choose Must
Ask yourself, “What is my Must？” If you don't know the answer, write down your biggest, most impossible dreams! Don't worry! It's just the first step.
Now, think about what's actually in your way. Is it your parents Maybe they're just worried that you haven't thought it through. Try to make a practical(切实可行的) plan for what you want to do. Your parents may find it a good one. Is it money Well, the best way to make money is to do what you love because it's very likely that you will pay great attention to it.Choosing Must doesn't mean we need to give up everything we already have. It's about changing one small thing at a time.
If you believe that you have something special inside of you, it's about time you gave Must a try—today.
1. What happens if we choose the path of “Should”？
A. We don't need to take great risks.
B. We have to give up what we have.
C. We'll have a clear picture of ourselves.
2. The writer develops his idea in Paragraph 3 by________．
A. listing numbers B. asking questions C. giving examples
3. What should we do if we choose the path of “Must”？
A. Try to make a practical plan.
B. Turn to other people for help.
C. Change many things at a time.
4. The writer wrote this passage to encourage us to________．
A. take others' advice
B. be our truest self
C. communicate with parents
子主题4　　分析问题和解决问题
Passage 8(2023杭州)
There are many different ways to solve a problem. One way is to be creative. People often think creative thinking is just for artists and designers, but this is not true. Dr. Edward de Bono, an expert in creative thinking and problem solving, has shown the world that using creativity to solve problems is very useful in business and in our communities, and will continue to be so in the future.
One example of creative thinking is the solution to a parking problem in a town center.In the areas close to stores, people can only park for 20 minutes. There are parking meters where people pay to park in these areas. However, the problem is that many people leave their cars there for longer than 20 minutes. Dr. Edward de Bono's solution is to make a rule that all cars parked in these areas must keep their headlights on. Of course, drivers will want to return to their cars before their car batteries(蓄电池)die.
According to Dr.de Bono, people will need to use creative thinking more often in the future. To help people think more creatively, he designed the “Six Thinking Hats” system(系统). The system helps people think about a problem in different ways in order to find a solution. In the system, there are six imaginary hats of different colors. Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking. For example, the white hat helps people consider the facts.The black hat is the most logical(有逻辑的) and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work. So, next time you have a problem in your community, think about it creatively, from different perspectives,__and see what ideas you have.
1. What is the topic of the text
A. Being a creative artist in the community.
B. Doing business successfully in the future.
C. Asking experts for some useful advice.
D. Using creative thinking to solve problems.
2. Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2
A. To express a result. B. To describe a problem.
C. To support the topic. D. To list some numbers.
3. What does the underlined word “perspectives” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Ways. B. Places. C. People. D. Rules.
4. Which of the following is true about the “Six Thinking Hats” system
A. The system is used to help people think quickly.
B. The white hat helps people think about the facts.
C. The black hat has to do with people's feelings.
D. Six hats of different shapes can be very helpful.
子主题5　　劳动与职业
Passage 9[2023嘉兴(舟山)]
When Leon Martin asked for his parents' advice on how to become a UX designer(设计师), they both went silent. “In fact, I had no idea what he was talking about，” said Anne, his mother. “I didn't know whether he was talking about designing clothes, computer programs or a fancy brand of bike.”
Even when her 18 year old son explained that it was something about “behind the scenes” online design, his mother was still a bit lost. “I felt like I had totally failed as a parent，” she said. “My job as a parent is to open doors so my children can achieve their potential(潜力), but how can I do that when I don't even understand what their dreams are？”
__▲__ Research has found that more than 2/3 of parents in England are now facing the problem that, when their children express interest in new education and job choices, they may know nothing about them. More than 75% of parents feel it is almost impossible to offer their children good advice in such a fast changing job market.
Michelle Rea did a survey of over 2，000 parents of secondary school students in England. She found that many parents were afraid their children would just stop talking about their career(职业) plans at home, simply because their mum and dad could hardly follow them. “We all know that parents' opinions and suggestions play an important role in shaping and influencing their children's career dreams，” she said. “But we usually depend much on our own experiences. And things have changed so much since most of us were at school.”
Bryony Mathew, writer of the Awesome Career Books, said the world was changing so rapidly that parents should not try to decide on certain careers for their children.
1. What should a successful parent be able to do according to Anne
A. Become a great UX designer.
B. Do an excellent job online.
C. Develop their children's potential.
D. Realize their children's dreams.
2. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 3
A. Anne is not alone. B. Anne has bad luck.
C. This is very strange. D. This is very interesting.
3. What did Michelle Rea's survey mainly show
A. Most of the parents in England were facing trouble in accepting new jobs.
B. Parents feared that their children would refuse to share their career dreams.
C. A lot of parents found it difficult to help their children with their education.
D. Children's career future depended a lot on their parents' working experiences.
4. What could be the best title for the passage
A. How can children make career choices
B. How can parents become career advisers
C. Should children take their parents' career advice
D. Should parents choose a career for their children
子主题6　　理性消费
Passage 10(2023永州)
Parents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting pocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals
The Tidler family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been watering in the garden since he was 8. He owned his own tools with the help of his parents. Now he has saved $7,800. Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system. And he is going to buy a car next year.
Money skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady manages a company toward children and young adults. “They shouldn't be always thinking of spending money.” Brady warns. Instead, they should understand basic rules for making money, saving money, and managing money.
That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past ten years, most Americans aged 18 to 24 borrowed nearly $3，000 on credit card(信用卡). Among high school seniors, four out of five have never taken a class about money.
Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed(欠) $2，000 on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the money off slowly by herself. “Now every time I use money, I know that it comes from my own pocket，” Giselle says. “That gives me a sense of responsibility for my actions.” Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn't have to mean setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves.
1. What is the goal of most parents about money
A. To set kids' pocket money.
B. To get money to spend.
C. To teach kids how to deal with money wisely.
2. What is the best way to teach about money in The Tidler family
A. To buy expensive things.
B. To give kids some money.
C. To let kids make some money.
3. What did Ryan buy with his own money
A. A car. B. A bike. C. Watering tools.
4. How much money did Giselle owe on her first credit card
A. $2，000. B. $3，000. C. $7，800.
5. How did Giselle pay the money off she owed
A. By credit card. B. By her parents. C. By herself.
人与社会——社会服务
子主题7　　社会服务
Passage 1(2023青海省卷)
Zhou Jiangtao passed away at only 17 years old. He got bone cancer when he was 13. Four days before his death, he asked to donate his organs(器官). “I know the pain of suffering from disease and the helplessness of having no cure... I've seen so much sadness and regret and want to offer help.” On the day he “left”， two patients who had been waiting for cornea transplants(角膜移植) were told they would get donations.
It has been 12 years since China started national test program for human organ donation. According to the China Organ Donation Administrative Center, about 300，000 people across China are waiting for organ transplants, but only 20，000 receive transplants each year.
In recent years, organ donation and transplantation have gotten more public support in China. As of April 2 this year, more than 4.62 million people had signed up(登记) for organ donation, said the center. As many as 75 people can get help from a single donor．
In China, there are some traditional thoughts about the bodies of dead people. For example, many believe the body is a gift from one's parents. So, ____4____. But many others don't think so. They think donating organs is a way to help others, which makes life more valuable than oneself.
More facts
Rare organ: heart (must be from a donor under age 45)
How to keep organs: using ice and a cooler
How long can an organ survive outside the body
　Heart: 4－6 hours　Lung(肺): 4－6 hours　Liver(肝): 12－15 hours
　Kidney(肾): 36－48 hours　Skin(皮肤): up to five years
1. How long has Zhou Jiangtao been suffering from bone cancer
A. For about 4 years. B. For about 13 years.
C. For about 17 years. D. For about 12 years.
2. In paragraph 3, the underlined word “donor” means ________．
A. 接受者 B. 监护人 C. 组织者 D. 捐献者
3. According to the passage, a 48 year old man can donate the following organs, except ________．
A. lung B. heart C. liver D. skin
4. Choose the best sentence to put in ____4____ in paragraph 4.
A. they think dead bodies must be kept complete
B. they are willing to donate their organs
C. they are pleased to donate their organs
D. they are encouraged to donate their organs
5. Which organ can survive for the longest time outside the body
A. Heart. B. Kidney. C. Skin. D. Liver.
子主题8　　社会变迁与未来
Passage 2(2023哈尔滨)
At the beginning of human history, people could only eat food they found. But then people learned to find more ways to get food. About 10，000 years ago, people started to farm the land. After that, people developed farming skills.
People eat different food in different areas. In China, rice is the normal food for people in the south while the people in the north eat noodles. People who live in European countries near the sea eat lots of fish. But in Central Europe, people are away from the sea. So they don't eat so much fish. They eat more meat instead.
People eat food with different tools in different areas. In China, people always like using chopsticks while in North America, Australia and Europe, people always like using knives and forks. To our surprise, in India and the Middle East, people always pick up food with their own fingers.
Now people can eat different food from different areas. As we can see, it is possible to convey food easily from one part of the world to another. We can almost eat whatever we like at any place of the world. For example, people in Britain can eat bananas from Africa and rice from India. Food is becoming a very big business now.
1. People ________ at the beginning of human history.
A. could only eat food they found
B. started to farm the land
C. developed farming skills
2. People living in Central Europe don't eat so much fish because ________．
A. they are away from the sea
B. they like eating noodles
C. they are near the sea
3. The underlined(下划线的) word “convey” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A. 捐赠 B．传导 C．运输
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. People in the south of China eat bananas as their main food.
B. People in India and the Middle East always pick up food with their own fingers.
C. People in Britain can only eat rice from Africa.
5. What's the best title(标题) for the passage
A. People's Table Manners(礼仪)
B. People's Eating Tools
C. People and Food
Passage 3(2023张家界)
What will our life be like in the future I think life in the future will be more comfortable and easier.
Children will have better education. In the future, children won't have to go to school because they can study at home through the online teaching.
People's health will improve. New medicine will help people live longer. They will live to be 150 years old.
People will not worry about the housing problem. People will build houses under the sea. Also, there will be many flying houses.
Nobody will be hungry. People will grow a lot of new kinds of crops. There will be enough food for everyone.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about children's study in the future
A. They have to go to school every day.
B. They can study at home.
C. They have no education.
2. According to the passage, people can live to be ________ in the future.
A. 100 years old B. 120 years old C. 150 years old
3. In the future, nobody will be hungry, because ________．
A. people needn't eat anything
B. there will be no food for everyone
C. there will be enough food for everyone
4. The passage is mainly about ________．
A. life in the future B. education in the future C. robots
人与社会——文学、艺术与体育
子主题9　　文学与艺术
角度1　跨文化沟通与交流，语言与文化
Passage 1(2023杭州)
What did people do to communicate in ancient times Here are some very interesting answers to this question.
Alphorns(阿尔卑斯长号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy, too. So, alphorns are hard work to blow. Then why use them Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen(牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they're mostly used as musical instruments.
The people of La Gomera, an island in Europe, have their own special way of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled(口哨的)language called el silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometers, which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting. El silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. El silbo is used a lot less than it used to be, but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it.
Did you know it's also possible to send messages without making a noise？This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal(信号) tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy's arrival could travel as far as 800 km in just a few hours.
1. What are alphorns mostly used for today
A. Communicating in the mountains.
B. Calling cows for milking.
C. Sending messages down to villagers.
D. Playing a kind of music.
2. Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate
A. Because it can send messages to animals.
B. Because it is different from their language.
C. Because it can be heard at a great distance.
D. Because it is a subject for young students.
3. How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers
A. By listening.
B. By whistling.
C. By shouting.
D. By watching.
4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text (P＝Paragraph)
Passage 2(2023温州)
“Motasharefon bema'refatek！” is often heard in Arabs' daily talks. This greeting in the language Arabic means “Nice to meet you！” You may find Arabic difficult to understand, but the following facts can offer you some basics.
Arabic is a language of over twenty countries across the Middle East and North Africa. It's also one of the six official languages of the UN. Now about 400 million people worldwide speak Arabic.
Arabic has different varieties*. One of them is Modern Standard Arabic. It is taught at schools in all Arabic speaking countries and used formally over media. Colloquial Arabic is another variety which people in the Arab world usually use in their everyday life.
Arabic is written from right to left in a beautiful and flowing script. Written Arabic is formed from eighteen different curves with dots() above or below. The curve() with one dot below is pronounced /b/, two on top is /t/, and three on top is /th/, while the curve() with two dots below is pronounced /y/.
A main feature of Arabic is the three letter root* system. Almost every Arabic word is based on a root of three letters. If you take a root and add other letters to it, you can create many words related* to the meaning of that root. For example, “k t b” is a common root in Arabic. Some words from that root are kitaab (“book”) and maktaba (“library”)．
There are more facts about Arabic for you to explore. You'll find that learning about it helps open up a door to a different culture and provides a new way of thinking about the world.
1. How many varieties of Arabic are mentioned in the passage
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
2. According to the passage, which of the following is pronounced /b/ in Arabic
3. What does the underlined root“k t b” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A. Cooking. B. Singing. C. Writing. D. Swimming.
4. Why does the author write this passage
A. To introduce the language Arabic.
B. To tell stories from Arab countries.
C. To encourage people to visit Arab countries.
D. To advise people to protect the language Arabic.
角度2　世界主要国家的文化习俗与文化景观、节假日与庆祝活动
Passage 3(2023益阳)
In ancient China, willow branches(柳枝) were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye
One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this special feature, when saying goodbye to loved ones, giving a willow branch is a way to tell them you hope they will easily get used to their new living environment.
Another reason is that, in Chinese, the pronunciation for the willow tree “柳” is similar to the character “留”. So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay, even though you know that they must leave.
It's said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang'an, today's Xi'an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart．
Willow branches, as a symbol of saying goodbye, were often mentioned in poems, especially at the time of the Tang and Song dynasties.
1. Who were willow branches often used as a gift to in ancient China
A. One's parents who would stay.
B. One's friends and family members who would leave.
C. One's love who would come back after being away for a long time.
2. According to the passage, the willow trees can live in any soil because they are ________．
A. magic B. beautiful C. strong
3. Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like ________．
A. asking the others to stay
B. asking the others for help
C. wishing the others to leave
4. The underlined word “depart” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________” in Chinese.
A. 返回 B. 离开 C. 相遇
5．What can be the best title for the passage
A. A kind of strong tree—Willow trees
B. A common place to say goodbye—Baqiao
C. A symbol of saying goodbye—Willow branches
角度3　中外影视、戏剧、音乐、舞蹈、绘画、建筑等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析，优秀艺术家及艺术成就
Passage 4(2023重庆B卷)
①On January 4th, the China National Traditional Orchestra(中央民族乐团) played some well known traditional music in their concert. Audiences(观众) enjoyed the beautiful sounds of guzheng, the powerful tunes of suona, the tearful notes of erhu and so on. Each traditional Chinese musical instrument tells its own story.
②“I've fallen in love with the sounds of traditional instruments, especially pipa, a four stringed(弦) instrument with a history of more than 2，000 years. It can produce different sounds, such as the sounds of falling snow and raindrops. Every time I listen to a pipa tune, I have a strong feeling of peace，” said Yang Tian, an audience of the concert.
③However, a recent report suggests __▲__. To wake up people's love for traditional music, something creative has been done.
④In some traditional music concerts, VR(虚拟现实) technology is used to bring the starry sky or the beautiful sandy view of Dunhuang to the music hall. It makes the experience like watching a 3D movie.
⑤Li Xiaobing, a music teacher from Beijing, mixes traditional folk(民间) singing, operas and Chinese instruments through technology. People are surprised at his works and they love them!
⑥Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music. They bring modern music like pop and rap into traditional music. When the east meets the west, the new form of music wins the hearts of both the old and the young.
⑦Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture, and with some creativity, great things happen.
1. Which of the following can be put in the __▲__？
A. pipa can not produce the sound of falling snow
B. traditional music is much better than modern music
C. the number of traditional music listeners is dropping
D. more young people show interest in traditional music
2. To wake up people's love for traditional music, Li Xiaobing ________．
A. tells many tearful stories B. makes good 3D movies
C. mixes traditional music D. sings pop and rap songs
3. The structure(结构) of the passage is ________．
4. According to the passage, the writer believes ________．
A. traditional music should only be played in concerts
B. the ways to play traditional music must be changed
C. traditional music must remain unchanged all the time
D. traditional music with creativity will be more popular
Passage 5(2023云南省卷)
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities(少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying(伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo(独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally(口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians(历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals(壁画)．
1. When did the erhu become a popular instrument
A. In the Tang Dynasty.
B. In the Song Dynasty.
C. In the Ming Dynasty.
D. In recent years.
2. To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________．
A. play the most famous erhu pieces
B. listen to different kinds of folk music
C. get help from ancient paintings
D. read some books about ethnic minorities
3. Which is TRUE according to the passage
A. The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B. Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C. People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D. The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
4. You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A. culture B. business
C. health D. nature
5. The passage mainly talks about ________．
A. the forms of folk music
B. the history of the erhu
C. the rise of different dynasties
D. the development of Chinese instruments
子主题10　　社会热点
Passage 6(2023包头)
When we think of the most respected awards in the world, the Nobel Prize(诺贝尔奖) must be on the list.
Created by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel in 1895, the prize recognizes achievements in sciences and the people behind them. Every year in October, the announcement of winners catches the world's attention.
But what is the importance behind this award？According to founder Nobel himself, the prize is for people who have provided “the greatest benefit to humankind”．
A number of Nobel Prizes have rewarded discoveries that have led to cures for diseases and health problems. A lot of parts in telephones, computers and telecommunication systems are also the fruits of Nobel Prize awarded work. Other prizes have recognized those who have helped to create a more peaceful world.
The individuals selected and the contributions they made show how science, literature and peace efforts improve and change the world and better our lives.
In the series of books about the Nobel Prize, the author says, “many everyday things would be impossible without the work of the winners of the Nobel science prizes”．
Think about the plastic bags. Plastic wouldn't have been invented without Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald's research. The German scientist won the Nobel Prize in 1909.
In recent years, Chinese people have paid more attention to the results of the Nobel Prize. Chinese scientists and writers are known to the world by their achievements, such as 2012 Nobel literature prize winner Mo Yan, and Tu Youyou, China's first Nobel winner in physiology or medicine in 2015. It's an uplifting thing. Not only for the individual achievements, but also for the national confidence.
The Paper noted that the prize can encourage the young generation to do scientific research. Do you have any ideas about this
1. What does the underlined word “uplifting” in paragraph 8 probably mean
A. Encouraging. B. Rising. C. Clear. D. Right.
2. What is the main idea of the text
A. Introduce the history of the Nobel Prize.
B. People pay more attention to the Nobel Prize winners.
C. The Nobel Prize changes the world and benefits humankind.
D. The Nobel Prize is for people who help to create a peaceful world.
3. Where is the text probably from
A. A guidebook. B. A notice. C. A novel. D. A newspaper.
4.Which one of the following is most probably to be discussed next
A. The introduction of Mo Yan and Tu Youyou.
B. How to put the scientific fruits to the market.
C. Inventors should be respected and rewarded.
D. Ways the young could do scientific research.
Passage 7(2023益阳)
Do you know how to cook, clean or grow plants If not, you will soon. These will be part of labor (劳动) education starting this autumn.
A new standard for labor education recently came out. Students in primary and middle school will have at least one labor education class a week. They will try and experience different kinds of labor and learn different life skills and even job skills. The standard includes different tasks for each grade. For example, students in Grade 5 and Grade 6 will learn to cook two or three common dishes, like fried eggs or egg soup with tomatoes.
Labor education can enrich Chinese students' life. Chinese school education didn't pay enough attention to this in the past. According to a 2019 report, Chinese kids only do 12 minutes of practical activity each day.
The new standard also calls on families to take part in students' labor education. They will make housework lists to help students be more independent.
Besides housework skills, students will have a chance to try new technologies like 3D printing. They will also learn to make traditional handicrafts (手工艺品)．
1. According to the passage, when will labor education start
A. This autumn.　　B. Next year.　　C. Two years later.
2. Xiao Hua will be in Grade 6 next term, she will ________．
A. learn only one life skill
B. learn to cook two or three common dishes
C. have at least two labor education classes a week
3. Labor education in China can ________．
A. enrich students' life
B. make parents do more housework
C. make students have less school work
4. How will families help students be more independent
A. By making housework lists.
B. By doing homework for the students.
C. By asking students to do everything at home.
5. In labor education class, what will students NOT learn to do
A. Try 3D printing.
B. Make traditional handicrafts.
C. Sell things online.
子主题11　　信息安全与法律法规
Passage 8(2023宁波)
Recently, many people think it's risky to use credit(信用) card numbers online. However, from time to time, we all use passwords and ID numbers on the Internet. We think we are safe, but that may not be true! A new kind of attack(攻击) is being used by dishonest people to steal IDs and credit card numbers from websurfers. This new kind of attack is called“phishing”．
Phishing sounds the same as the word “fishing”，and it means that a thief is trying to trick people into giving away valuable information. Like real fishermen, phishers use bait(诱饵) in the form of great online deals or services. For example, phishers might use false emails and websites to trick people into revealing(透露) credit card numbers, account usernames, and passwords. They imitate(模仿) well known banks, online sellers, and credit card companies. Successful phishers may make as many as 5% of the people believe and give away their personal information.
It's really a big problem! Actually, tricking 5% of the online population is huge. Now more than 4.6 billion people have access(进入权) to the Internet, and 75% of those Internet users live in the wealthiest countries on Earth. It has been reported that phishers send more than 40 billion false messages each year. Even by tricking only 5% of the people, phishers can make a lot of money.
Amy, 18, from California, received an email.A man told Amy that she could get a million dollars in her account as a reward if she sent a thousand dollars to him. Amy did as the man said at once. The “thief”used Amy's Social Security number to get credit cards in her name and transferred her money.
How can people avoid being cheated online Above all, they have to learn to recognize the email that has been sent by a phisher. Always be careful with any email with urgent(紧急的) requests for personal information. Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting, but false, statements in their emails so that people will reply right away. Never give out personal information to phishers. And if an offer sounds too good to be true, it is.
1. Phishing is compared to ________ according to the passage.
A. making money B. playing games
C. catching fish D. writing emails
2. Which writing skill is used in Para.3
A. Giving examples. B. Listing numbers.
C. Raising questions. D. Using sayings.
3. Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “transfer” in Para.4
..
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
4. Besides introducing what phishing is, the writer also tells us how to ________．
A. help to catch phishers B. reply to urgent emails
C. pay by credit card D. protect ourselves online
Passage 9(2023金华)
① Have you ever shown your photos on your favorite social media(媒体) Or have you expressed your feelings and emotions on your online page If yes, do you know what you have posted on the social medias can cause problems you could not expect
② Cathy, who is going to be fifteen, posted online an invitation to her birthday party with her address in it. And guess what！500 people came to the party, and some even broke the windows and plants, making a total mess of the house. The girl's birthday party turned into a nightmare(噩梦)．
③ Many teenagers(青少年) think they know everything about social media, and that such a thing could never happen to them. Studies show that each year more than three million young people in the world get into trouble because of their online activities.
④ So do remember these if you really want to share something online.
⑤ Share_with_care! Not everyone will like what you write online. Think before you post anything. You never know who sees your texts, pictures or videos. Before clicking “post”，you should ask yourself, “How will I feel if my family or teachers see this？” and “How might this post be bad for me in five or ten years from now？”
⑥ Be_polite_when_you_write! Imagine someone is unfriendly in real life. The same is true of online communication. No one likes it when you “shout” in your messages. If you feel angry or frustrated while you're writing a message, wait a bit. Read it again later and then send it.
⑦ Protect_and_respect! Never share your passwords with anyone. It's not wise to post your home or email address online. Don't say bad things about people. If you get messages like that or see them online, talk to your parents or your teachers.
⑧ I'd say none of these things promises 100% online safety, but each will help you to be safer.
1. The writer starts to introduce the topic by ________．
A. telling stories B. giving examples
C. asking questions D. sharing experiences
2. The party turned into a nightmare because Cathy ________．
A. made a total mess of the house
B. shared the photos of her house online
C. invited hundreds of people to her party
D. posted an invitation with her address online
3. The writer uses the mark “！” in the underlined sentences of Paragraphs 5～7 to ________．
A. draw the readers' attention
B. give orders that readers should follow
C. express the strong feelings of worry
D. give the decisions that have been made
4. What does the writer mean by saying the last sentence
A. You should spend much less time online.
B. It's necessary to think before you act online.
C. You have to make a promise before you go online.
D. If you want to be safer online, do as the writer suggests.
子主题12　　文化
角度1　常见节假日，文化体验
Passage 10(2023安徽)
Have you ever seen lions dancing in the streets The lions dance to the beat of a drum(鼓). Of course, they are not real lions. They are dancers in lion costumes(服饰). Lion dancing first started in China centuries ago. It is meant to bring good luck in the coming year.
Usually, a lion is made up of two dancers. One dancer controls the head. The other controls the tail.
“I think of it as a sport，” says Anthony Huang, aged 16. He is a member of the New York Chinese Freemasons Athletic Club. Anthony performs(表演) as the lion's head. It can weigh 20 pounds. Lion dancing is important to Anthony. “This traditi