2023-2024上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业一(含解析)

2023-2024学年上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业一
一.选择题(共10小题)
1.﹣Peter says Red Rock Canyon is a great place for rock climbing.
﹣He's right.I__________ there twice.(  )
A.was going B.went C.have been D.have gone
2.I'll do an interview with Mrs Black if she ___busy tomorrow.(  )
A.is B.will be C.isn't D.won't be
3.﹣Mum,summer holiday is coming.I wonder .
﹣How about Qinling Wild Zoo?(  )
A.where can we go B.where we can go
C.how can we go D.how we can go
4.﹣What do you think of your trip to Hainan?
﹣Wonderful.We were all with the trip.(  )
A.pleased;pleasant B.pleasant;pleased
C.pleasing;pleased D.pleasant;pleasing
5.﹣Can I see the headmaster at the moment,please?
I'm afraid not.He out.He in 10 minutes.(  )
A.gone;comes
B.gone;came
C.will go;will come
D.has gone;will come back
6.We can't get in.It says "________" on the sign.(  )
A.No smoking B.No touching
C.No entry D.No shouting
7.Mr.Li is the brother of Xiaoming's father,so we can say Mr Li is Xiaoming's ________.(  )
A.friend B.aunt C.relative D.father
8.Are you ________ when someone looks at you in ________?(  )
A.surprised;surprise
B.surprise;surprised
C.surprised;surprised
D.surprising;surprise
9.He _________ wait until the rain _________.(  )
A.won't,will stop B.won't,stops
C.will,stops D.will,will stop
10.Tom fell off his bike and was seriously hurt yesterday.He will have to in hospital for at least 10 days.(  )
A.remain B.see C.work D.visit
二.完形填空(共2小题)
11.The first time,Hank,a two﹣year﹣old cat,went out of his yard,he got stuck (被困住) in a 40﹣foot﹣tall tree for five days,with no food or water.
One day,when Delores,the (1)   ,returned from a market,she found Hank didn't come in for his lunch.As it got (2)   ,she began to look for him around the house.Then she heard the mew of a cat, (3)   ,and saw Hank on her neighbor's tree.He must have climbed onto the tree while some dogs were running after him,and became too afraid to climb down.
Delores called the firemen immediately.But it was not easy because they didn't have such a tall ladder(梯子) to (4)    the cat.She asked a tree company to help them. (5)    ,they failed for safety reasons.
Delores could do nothing but sit under the tree.A kind neighbor offered her some cat food,(6)    it would make the hungry cat come down.Nearby dog owners took their pets for (7)   instead of letting them run free in their yards,so that Hank would not climb even (8)    with fear.
Nothing had worked until it came to day five.When a neighbor talked of a clever way of getting the cat down from a tree,Delores decided to try it at once.They produced a system of pulleys(滑轮)and lifted a (9)    with some of Hank's favorite things up to him.To their excitement,Hank jumped into it.
Delores was really thankful."I feel good living in such a (10)    neighborhood.It gave me hope when Hank was in trouble,"she said.
(1) A.owner B.visitor C.sister D.neighbor
(2) A.cold B.dark C.quiet D.dirty
(3) A.ran away B.turned back C.fell down D.looked up
(4) A.feed B.train C.reach D.watch
(5) A.Again B.Instead C.Besides D.Anyway
(6) A.expecting B.promising C.realizing D.remembering
(7) A.help B.sale C.baths D.walks
(8) A.better B.slower C.higher D.harder
(9) A.toy B.fish C.rope D.basket
(10) A.peaceful B.friendly C.popular D.safe
12.March 22nd is World Water Day.It started in 1993.It not only makes us think about the importance of water,but also calls on (号召) us to(1)    and protect water.Today,we're facing terrible water problems.Among them,the wastewater problem is especially(2)   .And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is "wastewater".
What is wastewater?It is used water.Usually,wastewater comes from homes,(3)   ,hospitals and so on.It is produced by different kinds of activities,including washing the machines,taking showers and using the kitchen.The rain also(4)    wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm.No matter where it comes from,this kind of water is sure to have(5)    harmful in it.
(6)    must we treat (处理) wastewater?Wastewater has a big influence on our life.It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment.We must care for our environment and our own(7)   .
How can we treat wastewater?Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment.Wastewater(8)    homes can be reused.Then there will be(9)    wastewater.Also,factory wastewater has to be cleaned(10)    it goes back to nature.
(1)A.drink B.save C.carry D.watch
(2)A.easy B.popular C.small D.serious
(3)A.factories B.lakes C.rivers D.seas
(4)A.gets back B.hands in C.changes into D.picks up
(5)A.nothing B.something C.nobody D.somebody
(6)A.What B.Who C.Why D.How
(7)A.work B.interest C.health D.business
(8)A.on B.for C.with D.from
(9)A.less B.more C.better D.worse
(10)A.and B.whether C.after D.before
三.阅读理解(共2小题)
13.
Dear Jane, After I left Paris I spent two days in New York City and one day in Washington D.C.I got to Miami,Florida on Nov,13,The weather was wonderful here.This morning I went swimming and then slept on the beach.When I woke up,I found Jenifer Lopez—my favorite movie star.She was just on my right!I asked her to take a picture with me.You know,that was my dream.She agreed!I'm going to show you! John
Dear Dad, I got here at last after 18 hours on a train!It's very cold here in Moscow.It's white everywhere.I like it very much.This afternoon I went to have a look at the city.I got lost.But I took Russian lessons in my university ,they helped me a lot.A young girl showed me the way back to my hotel.I think I can finish my work here and go back home soon. I'm looking forward to the warm sunshine at home.See you soon. Max
Dear Amy, I arrived in Guilin yesterday.What a beautiful place!The people here are kind and I have some new friends.Guess who I met here!Tom,my high school classmate.How small the world is!He is working here as an English teacher in a middle school.He showed me around the city.I also went to his school.His students like him very much.I bought a special bag made in Guilin for you and a silk table cloth for my mom.Tomorrow evening I'm going to fly to Beijing. Love, Maria
根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。
(1)None of them had a good time.    
(2)Maria went to see her classmate in Guilin.    
(3)It was warmer in Max's hometown than in Moscow.    
(4)John was very glad that his dream of going to the beach came true.    
(5)Max can speak Russian.    
14.China is famous for its beautiful mountains and clean waters.The following is a list of some mountains in China.
Mount Tai
Location:Shandong Province
Elevation(海拔):1,545 metres
Mount Tai is one of the "Five Great Mountains" and regarded as the most important one.It is a mountain of historical and cultural value.And it has been a place of worship(祭拜)for at least 3,000 years.
Mount Huang
Location:Anhui Province
Elevation:1,864.8 metres
The area is famous for its scenery,such as sunsets,rocks,pines(松树),hot springs and views of the clouds from above.It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.It is also a famous place for highquality(高质量的)Chinese tea.
Mount Gongga
Location: Sichuan Province
Elevation:7,556 metres
It is the highest mountain in Sichuan Province.It is also known to the local people as "King of the Sichuan Mountains".
Changbai Mountain
Location:Jilin Province
Elevation:2,744 metres
It is the highest mountain in Northeast China.There is a large crater(火山口)lake,called Heaven Lake,on the mountain top.
(1)    is famous for producing high quality Chinese tea.
A.Changbai Mountain
B.Mount Tai
C.Mount Gongga
D.Mount Huang
(2)Mount Gongga is    .
A.2,744 metres tall
B.one of the "Five Great Mountains"
C.in Anhui Province
D.famous as "King of the Sichuan Mountains"
(3)Which of the following is TRUE?    
A.Mount Tai has been a place of worship for at least 3,000 years.
B.Mount Gongga is the highest mountain in China.
C.Heaven Lake is on Mount Huang.
D.Changbai Mountain is famous for its views of the clouds from above.
四.完成句子(共6小题)
15.苏州因丝绸而出名.
Suzhou         its silk.
16.世界上的人们用不同的方式庆祝新年.
People all over the world celebrate the New Year   .
17.公园内不要乱扔垃圾.
Don't   the waste in the park.
18.从那时起,我们就没有收到过她的来信。
We haven't heard from her        .
19.Sam在这次数学竞赛中荣获第一.
Sam won       in the maths competition.
20.早期的书是手工制作的.
The early books were produced    .
2023-2024学年上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业一
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共10小题)
1.﹣Peter says Red Rock Canyon is a great place for rock climbing.
﹣He's right.I__________ there twice.(  )
A.was going B.went C.have been D.have gone
【考点】现在完成时.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】﹣﹣﹣彼得说红岩峡谷是攀岩的好地方.
﹣﹣﹣他说得对,我去过那里两次了.
【解答】根据句意"彼得说红岩峡谷是攀岩的好地方. 他说得对,我去过那里两次了"和语法可知,要用现在完成时,其构成为have/ has done.have been去过,have gone到某地去了(还没有回来).
故选:C.
【点评】对时态和语态的考查,要求牢记各种时态和语态的构成形式,结合时间状语和上下文的关系,找出正确答案.
2.I'll do an interview with Mrs Black if she ___busy tomorrow.(  )
A.is B.will be C.isn't D.won't be
【考点】复合句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】如果布莱克太太明天不忙,我将去采访她.
【解答】根据句意"如果布莱克太太明天不忙,我将去采访她"和语法可知,主句要用一般将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,排除选项BD,选项A语意不通.
故选:C.
【点评】考查主从复合句,要根据句意或提示词,判断时态,选用合适的引导词.
3.﹣Mum,summer holiday is coming.I wonder .
﹣How about Qinling Wild Zoo?(  )
A.where can we go B.where we can go
C.how can we go D.how we can go
【考点】连接副词where引导宾语从句.
【答案】B
【分析】﹣妈妈,暑假就要来了,我想知道我们可以去哪儿?
﹣秦岭野生动物园怎么样?
【解答】答案:B 根据选项内容和I wonder可知,考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项A和C是疑问语序,故排除;又因为答句是:How about Qinling Wild Zoo,表示地点,所以问句应该用特殊疑问词where,故选B.
【点评】本题考查宾语从句,做题时注意三要素时态、语序和连接词.本题先考虑语序,再根据句子的上下文的意思,做出选择.
4.﹣What do you think of your trip to Hainan?
﹣Wonderful.We were all with the trip.(  )
A.pleased;pleasant B.pleasant;pleased
C.pleasing;pleased D.pleasant;pleasing
【考点】﹣ing形容词和﹣ed形容词.
【答案】A
【分析】﹣你觉得你的海南之行怎么样?
﹣太好了。我们都对这次愉快的旅行感到高兴。
【解答】pleased指外物作用于感官,使人感到"高兴 、满意、喜欢",主语是人,pleasant意为"令人愉快的,舒畅的,非常好的,讨人喜欢的,风趣的"。主语是物。或者修饰名词。
故选:A。
【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对形容词词义的辨析。
5.﹣Can I see the headmaster at the moment,please?
I'm afraid not.He out.He in 10 minutes.(  )
A.gone;comes
B.gone;came
C.will go;will come
D.has gone;will come back
【考点】过去分词.
【答案】D
【分析】我现在可以见校长吗?
恐怕不行,他已经出去了,10分钟后回来.
【解答】答案:D.
has gone to 去了某地,还没回来.come 来,come back回来;此题根据语境:我现在可以见校长吗?恐怕不行,他已经出去了,10分钟后回来.出去了,故第一个空用has gone;第二个空 in 10 minutes可知是一般将来时,表示回来,will come back.
故选:D。
【点评】此题考查实义动词的过去分词,在熟知实义动词的过去分词意思和用法的基础上,结合具体题目,仔细分析,便可得出正确答案.
6.We can't get in.It says "________" on the sign.(  )
A.No smoking B.No touching
C.No entry D.No shouting
【考点】常识.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】我们进不去.牌子上写着"禁止入内".
【解答】考查英文常识.A.No smoking禁止吸烟;B.No touching禁止触摸;C.No entry禁止入内;D.No shouting禁止大喊.根据We can't get in.可知牌子上写着"禁止入内".
故选:C.
【点评】仔细理解题干的要求,掌握一些安全标志知识.
7.Mr.Li is the brother of Xiaoming's father,so we can say Mr Li is Xiaoming's ________.(  )
A.friend B.aunt C.relative D.father
【考点】名词的数.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】李先生是小明父亲的兄弟,因此我们能说李先生是小明的亲戚.
【解答】答案:C 根据Mr.Li is the brother of Xiaoming's father李先生是小明父亲的兄弟,结合选项,推测意思是因此我们能说李先生是小明的亲戚.故选C亲戚.A朋友,B姑姑,阿姨,D爸爸.
【点评】解答这类试题时,务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系,找到解题的依据,同时正确区分选项的细微差别,准确作答.
8.Are you ________ when someone looks at you in ________?(  )
A.surprised;surprise
B.surprise;surprised
C.surprised;surprised
D.surprising;surprise
【考点】﹣ing形容词和﹣ed形容词.
【答案】A
【分析】当别人惊讶地看着你时,你会感到惊讶吗?
【解答】surprised形容词,感到惊讶的;用来形容人;surprising形容词,令人惊讶的,用来形容物.surprise名词,惊奇;惊讶.第一个空用来形容词人,用surprised,第二个空in surprise,固定用法,惊讶地.
故选:A.
【点评】了解各选项的含义、词性以及用法区别,是解答本题的关键.
9.He _________ wait until the rain _________.(  )
A.won't,will stop B.won't,stops
C.will,stops D.will,will stop
【考点】一般将来时;时间状语从句;一般现在时.
【答案】C
【分析】他要等到雨停.
【解答】根据句意"他要等到雨停"和语法可知,主句用一般将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,主语是三单,谓语动词用三单形式.
故选:C.
【点评】考查主从复合句,要根据句意或提示词,判断时态,选用合适的引导词.
10.Tom fell off his bike and was seriously hurt yesterday.He will have to in hospital for at least 10 days.(  )
A.remain B.see C.work D.visit
【考点】动词词义辨析.
【答案】A
【分析】汤姆昨天从自行车上摔下来,受了重伤.他将不得不在医院至少呆10天.
【解答】remain保持;留下;see看见;work工作;visit拜访.根据"汤姆昨天从自行车上摔下来,受了重伤"可知"他将不得不在医院至少待10天".
故选:A.
【点评】做动词词义辨析题时,首先要明确单词的意思,再根据句意选出正确答案.
二.完形填空(共2小题)
11.The first time,Hank,a two﹣year﹣old cat,went out of his yard,he got stuck (被困住) in a 40﹣foot﹣tall tree for five days,with no food or water.
One day,when Delores,the (1) A ,returned from a market,she found Hank didn't come in for his lunch.As it got (2) B ,she began to look for him around the house.Then she heard the mew of a cat, (3) D ,and saw Hank on her neighbor's tree.He must have climbed onto the tree while some dogs were running after him,and became too afraid to climb down.
Delores called the firemen immediately.But it was not easy because they didn't have such a tall ladder(梯子) to (4) C  the cat.She asked a tree company to help them. (5) A  ,they failed for safety reasons.
Delores could do nothing but sit under the tree.A kind neighbor offered her some cat food,(6) A  it would make the hungry cat come down.Nearby dog owners took their pets for (7) D instead of letting them run free in their yards,so that Hank would not climb even (8) C  with fear.
Nothing had worked until it came to day five.When a neighbor talked of a clever way of getting the cat down from a tree,Delores decided to try it at once.They produced a system of pulleys(滑轮)and lifted a (9) D  with some of Hank's favorite things up to him.To their excitement,Hank jumped into it.
Delores was really thankful."I feel good living in such a (10) B  neighborhood.It gave me hope when Hank was in trouble,"she said.
(1) A.owner B.visitor C.sister D.neighbor
(2) A.cold B.dark C.quiet D.dirty
(3) A.ran away B.turned back C.fell down D.looked up
(4) A.feed B.train C.reach D.watch
(5) A.Again B.Instead C.Besides D.Anyway
(6) A.expecting B.promising C.realizing D.remembering
(7) A.help B.sale C.baths D.walks
(8) A.better B.slower C.higher D.harder
(9) A.toy B.fish C.rope D.basket
(10) A.peaceful B.friendly C.popular D.safe
【考点】记叙文;日常生活.
【答案】ABDCA ADCDB
【分析】文章介绍了Delores的猫被困在了树上,后来在邻居的建议下救下来的故事。
【解答】(1)考查名词。句意:去年十一月的一天,当猫的主人Delores从市场上回来,发现Hank没有进来吃午餐。A主人,B游人,C姐妹,D邻居,根据下文The poor owner (可怜的主人)可知是猫的主人,故选A。
(2)考查形容词。句意:随着天色渐暗,她开始在房子的周围寻找它。A冷的,B黑暗的,C安静的,D脏的,根据she found Hank didn't come in for his lunch(她发现Hank没来吃午饭)可知天变黑了,故选B。
(3)考查短语。句意:然后她听到了一声猫叫声,抬头往上看,就看到了Hank在她邻居家的树上。A跑掉了,B调头,C跌倒,D向上看,根据and saw Hank on her neighbor's tree.(看到Hank在她邻居的树上。)可知抬头看,故选D。
(4)考查动词。句意:这一点也不容易,所以他们没有足够高的梯子能够得着那只猫。A喂,B训练,C到达,D观看,根据they didn't have such a tall ladder(他们没有足够高的梯子)可知到达不到猫那儿,故选C。
(5)考查副词。再一次,他们因为安全问题也没有成功。A再次,B反而,C除...之外,D无论如何,根据上文they didn't have such a tall ladder(他们没有足够高的梯子)但这并不容易,因为他们没有足够高的梯子够到猫。可知他们再次因为安全问题失败了,故选A。
(6)考查动词。句意:一位好心的邻居拿出了一些猫粮,希望这能让那只饥饿的猫咪下来。A期待,B承诺,C意识到,D后悔,根据A kind neighbor offered her some cat food(一位好心的邻居给了她一些猫粮)可知期待猫下来,故选A。
(7)考查名词。句意:附近的狗主人们把它们的宠物带出来散步,而没有让它们待在院子里,这样Hank就不会因为害怕而爬得更高了。A帮助,B销售,C洗浴,D散步,根据instead of letting them run free in their yards(而不是把他们放在院子里)可知附近的狗主人带着宠物散步,故选D。
(8)考查形容词。句意:附近的狗主人们把它们的宠物带出来散步,而没有让它们待在院子里,这样Hank就不会因为害怕而爬得更高了。A更好的,B更慢的,C更高的,D更难的,根据上句Nearby dog owners took their pets for walks instead of letting them run free in their yards(附近的狗主人带着宠物散步,而不是把他们放在院子里)可知这样Hank就不会因为害怕而爬得更高了,故选C。
(9)考查名词。句意:他们一起齐心协力制作出了一套滑轮系统,把一个装满Hank最喜欢的东西的篮子往上吊到它那里。A玩具,B鱼,C绳子,D篮子,根据下文Hank jumped into it.(Hank跳了进去。)可知应该是篮子,故选D。
(10)考查形容词。句意:住在这么友好的社区我感觉很好。A平静的,B友好的,C流行的,D有财富的,根据上文A kind neighbor offered her some cat food(一位好心的邻居给了她一些猫粮)当另一位邻居谈到一种聪明的方法把猫从树上弄下来时,Delores想马上试一下,最后猫下来了,可知住在这样友好的社区我感觉很好。故选B。
【点评】首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
12.March 22nd is World Water Day.It started in 1993.It not only makes us think about the importance of water,but also calls on (号召) us to(1) B  and protect water.Today,we're facing terrible water problems.Among them,the wastewater problem is especially(2) D .And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is "wastewater".
What is wastewater?It is used water.Usually,wastewater comes from homes,(3) A ,hospitals and so on.It is produced by different kinds of activities,including washing the machines,taking showers and using the kitchen.The rain also(4) C  wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm.No matter where it comes from,this kind of water is sure to have(5) B  harmful in it.
(6) C  must we treat (处理) wastewater?Wastewater has a big influence on our life.It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment.We must care for our environment and our own(7) C .
How can we treat wastewater?Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment.Wastewater(8) D  homes can be reused.Then there will be(9) A  wastewater.Also,factory wastewater has to be cleaned(10) D  it goes back to nature.
(1)A.drink B.save C.carry D.watch
(2)A.easy B.popular C.small D.serious
(3)A.factories B.lakes C.rivers D.seas
(4)A.gets back B.hands in C.changes into D.picks up
(5)A.nothing B.something C.nobody D.somebody
(6)A.What B.Who C.Why D.How
(7)A.work B.interest C.health D.business
(8)A.on B.for C.with D.from
(9)A.less B.more C.better D.worse
(10)A.and B.whether C.after D.before
【考点】说明文.
【答案】BDACB CCDAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。首先介绍水问题的严重性,尤其是废水问题,分析解决废水问题的重要性,然后给出了几点解决废水问题的方法。
【解答】(1)动词辨析。A.drink饮;B.save节省;C.carry携带;D.watch观看;根据March 22nd is World Water Day.(3月22日是世界水日。)和常识,可知它不仅让我们思考水的重要性,还呼吁我们保护水和节约水。故选B。
(2)形容词辨析。A.easy容易的;B.popular流行的;C.small小的;D.serious严重的;根据Today,we're facing terrible water problems.(今天,我们正面临着严重的水资源问题。)可知水问题很严重,因此此处指废水问题尤其严重。故选D。
(3)名词辨析。A.factories工厂;B.lakes湖泊;c.rivers河流;D.seas海洋;结合语境及常识可知,废水的来源有家庭,医院和工厂等。故选A。
(4)动词短语辨析。A.gets back取回;B.hands in交上;C.changes into变成;D.picks up拾起、捡起;根据when it is running down the street during a storm.(当它在暴风雨中沿着街道流淌时。)可知雨水流过街道会变为废水。故选C。
(5)代词辨析。A.nothing没有什么;B.something某物;C.nobody没有人;D.somebody某人;根据No matter where it comes from(不管它来自哪里)可知,这种水肯定有有害的物质,可知此处选something符合题意。故选B。
(6)疑问词辨析。A.What什么;B.Who谁;C.Why为什么;D.How如何;根据下文Wastewater has a big influence on our life.(废水对我们的生活有很大的影响)可知,这里说的是原因,因此此处是问为什么我们必须处理废水。故选C。
(7)名词辨析。A.work工作;B.interest兴趣;C.health健康;D.business商业;根据It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment.(它给我们带来疾病和环境污染。)可知,是我们要关注环境和自己的健康。故选C。
(8)介词辨析。A.on在….上面;B.for为了;C.with和;D.from来自;根据Then there will be(9)____wastewater.(然后将有...废水。)可知,此处指的是来自家庭的废水可以重复利用,因此选from。故选D。
(9)形容词辨析。A.less更少的;B.more更多的;C.better更好的;D.worse更糟糕的;结合上文,来自家庭的废水被再次利用,可知废水会变得更少。故选A。
(10)连词辨析。A.and和;B.whether是否;C.after在….之后;D.before在…之前;根据语境和常识,工厂的废水回归自然之前必须经过净化,因此选before。故选D。
【点评】首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
三.阅读理解(共2小题)
13.
Dear Jane, After I left Paris I spent two days in New York City and one day in Washington D.C.I got to Miami,Florida on Nov,13,The weather was wonderful here.This morning I went swimming and then slept on the beach.When I woke up,I found Jenifer Lopez—my favorite movie star.She was just on my right!I asked her to take a picture with me.You know,that was my dream.She agreed!I'm going to show you! John
Dear Dad, I got here at last after 18 hours on a train!It's very cold here in Moscow.It's white everywhere.I like it very much.This afternoon I went to have a look at the city.I got lost.But I took Russian lessons in my university ,they helped me a lot.A young girl showed me the way back to my hotel.I think I can finish my work here and go back home soon. I'm looking forward to the warm sunshine at home.See you soon. Max
Dear Amy, I arrived in Guilin yesterday.What a beautiful place!The people here are kind and I have some new friends.Guess who I met here!Tom,my high school classmate.How small the world is!He is working here as an English teacher in a middle school.He showed me around the city.I also went to his school.His students like him very much.I bought a special bag made in Guilin for you and a silk table cloth for my mom.Tomorrow evening I'm going to fly to Beijing. Love, Maria
根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。
(1)None of them had a good time.  F 
(2)Maria went to see her classmate in Guilin.  F 
(3)It was warmer in Max's hometown than in Moscow.  T 
(4)John was very glad that his dream of going to the beach came true.  F 
(5)Max can speak Russian.  T 
【考点】人与社会.
【答案】FFTFT
【分析】短文讲了三个人写信,详细地介绍了信的内容和感受。
【解答】细节判断题。
(1)F.根据"I got to Miami,Florida on Nov,13,The weather was wonderful here.11月13日,我到达了佛罗里达州的迈阿密,这里的天气非常好。I like it very much.我非常喜欢。"可知没有一个人玩得很开心是错误的,是开心的。故答案为F。
(2)F .根据"I arrived in Guilin yesterday.What a beautiful place!The people here are kind and I have some new friends.Guess who I met here!Tom,my high school classmate.我昨天到达桂林。多美的地方啊!这里的人很善良,我有一些新朋友。猜猜我在这里遇到了谁!汤姆,我的高中同学。"可知玛丽亚去看她在桂林的同学是错误的,是遇见的。故答案为F。
(3)T .根据"It's very cold here in Moscow.莫斯科这里很冷。I'm looking forward to the warm sunshine at home.我期待着家里温暖的阳光。"可知马克斯的家乡比莫斯科暖和。故答案为T。
(4)F .根据"This morning I went swimming and then slept on the beach.When I woke up,I found Jenifer Lopez—my favorite movie star.She was just on my right!I asked her to take a picture with me.You know,that was my dream.今天早上我去游泳,然后在海滩上睡觉。当我醒来时,我发现詹妮弗 洛佩兹是我最喜欢的电影明星。她就在我的右边!我让她和我合影。你知道,那是我的梦想。"可知约翰很高兴他去海滩的梦想实现了是错误的,是梦。故答案为F。
(5)T .根据"But I took Russian lessons in my university ,但是我在大学里上了俄语课,"可知马克斯会说俄语。故答案为T。
【点评】做好简单推理判断题。以具体事实为依据进行推理,做出判断。只要弄清事实,即可结合常识推断出合理的结论。
14.China is famous for its beautiful mountains and clean waters.The following is a list of some mountains in China.
Mount Tai
Location:Shandong Province
Elevation(海拔):1,545 metres
Mount Tai is one of the "Five Great Mountains" and regarded as the most important one.It is a mountain of historical and cultural value.And it has been a place of worship(祭拜)for at least 3,000 years.
Mount Huang
Location:Anhui Province
Elevation:1,864.8 metres
The area is famous for its scenery,such as sunsets,rocks,pines(松树),hot springs and views of the clouds from above.It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.It is also a famous place for highquality(高质量的)Chinese tea.
Mount Gongga
Location: Sichuan Province
Elevation:7,556 metres
It is the highest mountain in Sichuan Province.It is also known to the local people as "King of the Sichuan Mountains".
Changbai Mountain
Location:Jilin Province
Elevation:2,744 metres
It is the highest mountain in Northeast China.There is a large crater(火山口)lake,called Heaven Lake,on the mountain top.
(1) D  is famous for producing high quality Chinese tea.
A.Changbai Mountain
B.Mount Tai
C.Mount Gongga
D.Mount Huang
(2)Mount Gongga is  D .
A.2,744 metres tall
B.one of the "Five Great Mountains"
C.in Anhui Province
D.famous as "King of the Sichuan Mountains"
(3)Which of the following is TRUE?  A 
A.Mount Tai has been a place of worship for at least 3,000 years.
B.Mount Gongga is the highest mountain in China.
C.Heaven Lake is on Mount Huang.
D.Changbai Mountain is famous for its views of the clouds from above.
【考点】历史;细节理解.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】中国的山水是非常有名的,这篇文章介绍了中国的一些名山,其中包括泰山、黄山、贡嘎山、长白山.
【解答】(1)D 细节理解题.黄山的介绍段落中提到:It is also a famous place for highquality(高质量的)Chinese tea.意为"它是一个中国高质量名茶的产地",由此可见,黄山生产高质量中国茶,故选:D
(2)D 细节理解题.贡嘎山的介绍段落中提到:It is also known to the local people as "King of the Sichuan Mountains".意为"它有一个名号为当地人所广泛知晓﹣﹣四川山王",故选:D
(3)A 细节理解题.泰山介绍段落中提到:And it has been a place of worship(祭拜)for at least 3,000 years.意为"它作为一个祭拜胜地至少三千多年了.",由此可知,A选项表述正确,故选:A
【点评】面对阅读理解类题型,首先要浏览试题,其次则是从原文中寻找线索,解题过程中,要灵活变化,学会推测文中线索.
四.完成句子(共6小题)
15.苏州因丝绸而出名.
Suzhou is  famous  for its silk.
【考点】简单句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】Suzhou is famous for its silk.
【解答】be famous for…因为……而出名,根据句意用一般现在时
故答案是is famous for
【点评】此题考查汉译英,在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上,根据语法结构,组合短语或者句子,便可得出正确答案.
16.世界上的人们用不同的方式庆祝新年.
People all over the world celebrate the New Year in different ways .
【考点】简单句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】People all over the world celebrate the New Year in different ways.
【解答】答案:in different ways
用不同的方式in different ways,ways要用复数形式,结合句意"世界上的人们用不同的方式庆祝新年",故答案为:in different ways.
【点评】根据汉语完成句子是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语.另外,学生多积累单词和短语,也有助于解答这类题目.
17.公园内不要乱扔垃圾.
Don't throw away the waste in the park.
【考点】祈使句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】Don't throw away the waste in the park.
【解答】答案:throw away.考查汉译英.句意:公园内不要乱扔垃圾.根据汉语句子及其提示,可知要翻译的部分为:乱扔,英语表达是throw away,句子是祈使句,这里用动词原形.故答案为throw away.
【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化.
18.从那时起,我们就没有收到过她的来信。
We haven't heard from her  since   then .
【考点】固定搭配/句型.
【答案】since;then
【分析】从那时起,我们就没有收到过她的来信。
【解答】从那时起since then,是介词短语,作时间状语。
故答案为:since;then。
【点评】汉译英,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
19.Sam在这次数学竞赛中荣获第一.
Sam won first  place  in the maths competition.
【考点】简单句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】Sam won first place in the maths competition.
【解答】first place第一,固定表达
故答案是first place.
【点评】此题考查汉译英,在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上,根据语法结构,组合短语或者句子,便可得出正确答案.
20.早期的书是手工制作的.
The early books were produced  by hand .
【考点】简单句.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】The early books were produced by hand.
【解答】答案:by hand
手工by hand,是个固定短语,结合句意"早期的书是手工制作的"可知,答案为by hand.
【点评】汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语.另外,学生多积累单词和短语,也有助于解答这类题目.
考点卡片
1.常识
【考点介绍】
英语中的常识考点涉及面广泛,涵盖了文化、历史、地理、科学等多方面的内容,既包括一些专业领域的知识,也包括一些生活常识和普遍认知。
【典型例题】
Western dining culture is different from Chinese.In England,____.(  )
A.people like to eat in one plate better
B.a gentleman usually pays for the meal
C.food is often cut by knives instead of teeth
分析:西方的饮食文化与中国的不同。在英国,食物通常是用刀而不是牙齿来切的
解答:A.people like to eat in one plate better(人们更喜欢在一个盘子里吃饭);B.a gentleman usually pays for the meal(绅士通常付饭钱);C.food is often cut by knives instead of teeth(食物通常是用刀而不是牙齿来切的)。根据常识可知,英国用刀来切碎食物。
故选:C。
点评:本题考查常识,要求学生平时注重积累,再根据题干即可作出选择。
【解题思路】
1.积累常识
要掌握英语中的常识考点,首先需要积累一定的常识。可以通过阅读英文原著、新闻、杂志等途径来积累相关知识。同时,也可以通过学习英语课程和参加英语考试来提高自己的英语水平和应试能力。
2.注意语境
常识考点通常会出现在具体的语境中,因此需要结合上下文来理解。在做题时,需要注意题目所给出的语境,根据语境来推测答案。
3.利用背景知识
在做题时,可以充分利用自己的背景知识来帮助解题。例如,对于一些涉及文化、历史、地理等方面的题目,可以利用自己已有的知识来推测答案。
4.关注细节
常识考点的题目通常会涉及一些细节,需要考生仔细阅读题目并注意细节。例如,有些题目可能会问到一些具体的数据、时间、地点等细节信息,需要考生准确记忆。
2.动词词义辨析
【考点介绍】
动词词义辨析主要考察学生对于具有相似或相近意义的动词的辨析能力,这些动词在意义或用法上可能存在细微的差别。常见的考查方式包括单项选择题、填空题、阅读理解题等。
【典型例题】
It ______about 100 million yuan to build the bridge.(  )
A.costB.spendC.took
分析:建造这座桥花费了大约1亿元人民币。
解答:观察选项可知,本题考查英语中的"花费"的不同用法:A cost:主语通常是物,通常使用的句型是:某物 cost sb.金钱;B.spend:主语是人,通常使用的句型是:某人 spend 金钱/时间 on sth. /doing sth.;C.took:主语一般是It,通常使用的句型是:It takes/took sb.时间 to do sth.;本句是表示"花费大约1亿元",是花费金钱,因此cost符合此空。
故选:A。
点评:先理解句意,再分析选项,最后综合判断得出答案。
【解题思路】
1.确定选项中的动词
首先需要确定选项中给出的动词,以便后续的辨析。可以大致理解每个动词的大致意思,对于不熟悉的动词可以借助词典或其他工具进行查询。
2.分析上下文语境
根据上下文语境来确定需要选择的动词。注意动词所在句子的主谓宾结构和整段文字的大致意思,根据这些信息来选择正确的动词。
3.注意动词的细微差别
对于具有相似或相近意义的动词,需要注意它们之间的细微差别。例如,"borrow"和"lend"都可以表示借东西,但是"borrow"是向别人借东西,"lend"是把自己的东西借给别人。
4.结合生活常识和背景知识
有时候题目会考察一些生活常识和背景知识,需要结合自己的背景知识来进行辨析。例如,"eat"和"dine"都可以表示吃饭,但是"dine"更加正式和礼貌。
3.固定搭配/句型
【考点介绍】
固定搭配和句型是英语中的重要语法知识点之一,主要考察学生对于英语中常见的固定搭配和句型的掌握程度。常见的考查方式包括单项选择题、填空题、阅读理解题等。
【典型例题】
We can watch TV____playing games.(  )
A.insteadB.instead ofC.than
分析:我们可以看电视而不是玩游戏。
解答:A.代替,不接宾语;B.而不是,可以接宾语;C,比……,根据We can watch TV____playing games.可知是指我们可以看电视而不是玩游戏。空后有宾语。
故选:B。
点评:熟悉固定搭配的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
【解题思路】
1.确定固定搭配或句型的构成
在解题时,首先需要确定题目所给的固定搭配或句型的构成,包括哪些单词或词组组成,以及它们的顺序等。
2.注意固定搭配或句型的语义关系
固定搭配或句型通常具有一定的语义关系,需要确定固定搭配或句型的具体含义和用法。
3.分析题目中的语境
在解题时,需要结合题目中的语境来分析固定搭配或句型的用法,确定需要填写的单词或词组。
4.确定固定搭配或句型的指代
有时候题目中会出现固定搭配或句型作为主语或宾语的情况,需要确定固定搭配或句型的指代关系。
4.名词的数
0
5.-ing形容词和-ed形容词
【考点介绍】
1. ﹣ing形容词通常用作修饰名词或代词,表示事物的特征或性质。例如,"exciting"可以用来形容一个活动或事件非常令人兴奋和有趣,或者一个任务或挑战让人感到刺激和充满挑战性。类似的形容词还有"interesting"、"surprising"、"delighting"等等。
2. ﹣ed形容词则通常用来描述人的情感、感受或态度。例如,"delighted"可以用来形容一个人感到高兴、愉快或者满意,而"excited"则可以用来形容一个人感到兴奋、激动或者充满热情。类似的形容词还有"interested"、"worried"、"frustrated"等等。
常考的以﹣ing,和以﹣ed结尾的形容词如下:
动词 ﹣ing形容词 ﹣ed形容词
amuse 逗乐 amusing 有趣的 amused 感到有趣的
confuse 使困惑 confusing 令人困惑的 confused 感到困惑的
disappoint 使失望 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的
excite 使兴奋 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的
frighten 使惊吓 frightening 可怕的 frightened 感到可怕的
interest 使感兴趣 interesting 有趣的 interested 感到有趣的
move 使感动 moving 感人的 moved 感动的
surprise 使吃惊 surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的
worry 使担忧 worrying 令人担心的 worried 感到担心的
【典型例题】
— I think the movie Warm Spring is _____ than Mother.
— I agree.Many people are deeply _____ in the cinema.
A.more touched;more touching
B.more touched;more touched
C.more touching;touched
D.most touching;touched
分析:— 我觉得电影《暖春》比《母亲》更感人。
— 我同意。许多人在电影院里深受感动。
解答:touched感动的;touching令人感动的。第一空是电影,此处用touching,根据than可知此处用比较级more touching;第二空是"许多人在电影院里深受感动",主语是人,此处用touched。故选:C。
点评:考查﹣ing和﹣ed形容词的辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的形容词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
【解题思路】
理解句意或语境是最重要的,判断出形容词的修饰对象。
6.过去分词
【考点介绍】
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,表示动作的被动和完成,在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补语,不论做什么成分,分词都必须和其中心词之间存在着逻辑上主谓关系,即被动关系。非谓语动词是高考的考查重点及难点,尤其是过去分词,一直是高考考查的重点,一般而言,根据近几年的考查情况,一般会重点考查过去分词作定语、状语和补语的情况,考生需要重点把握.
1.结构:done
2.过去分词的语法功能
1)作定语
过去分词作定语与所修饰的词之间有两种关系:从时间上讲,表示动作已经完成;从语态上讲,表示被动的概念.分词作定语有两种形式:它可以放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置定语;有的放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置定语.
a.前置定语:单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时,通常置于被修饰词之前.如:
the developed countries 发达国家;
well﹣trained policemen 训练有素的警察
man﹣made satellites 人造卫星;
invited people  被邀请的人
We only sell used books.我们只卖用过的书.
b.后置定语:当单个过去分词及由过去分词修饰代词时,需置于被修饰词之后;过去分词短语作定语要后置.如:
Don't use words,expression_rs or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge.
不要运用只有具有特别知识的人才能懂的词汇和表达方式.
2)作状语
3)宾语补足语
【典型例题】Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.(  )
A.Reminding B.to remind C.Reminded D.remind
分析:Michael把一张姚明的照片贴在床边是为了提醒自己不要忘了自己的梦想.解答:答案:C keep sb.+doing/done属于固定结构,分词作宾补.此处Michael和remind之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词作宾补.故选C项.
点评:考查非谓语动词作宾补.主要看宾语和分词之间是主动还是被动关系.主动关系用现在分词;被动关系用过去分词.
【解题思路】
过去分词作为非谓语动词形式之一,真正掌握该形式的用法,需要具备以下基础知识:
(I)具有句子结构的知识,要分清简单句与复合句,陈述句与祈使句:
(2)具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识,要分得清双宾语和复合宾语:
(3)具有扎实而丰富的动词知识,要分得清及物动词和不及物动词、双宾动词和复宾动词.一些最基础最常用的动词的用法应当烂熟于胸;
(4)对于过去分词的判断,分析分词的逻辑主语与动词的主被动关系,主动用doing,被动用done
7.一般现在时
【考点介绍】
一般现在时,是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态,表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作有时间规律发生的时间的一种时间状态.
1.结构
①be动词的一般现在时:主语+am/is/are+其它.
I am a student.He is a student.They are students.
②实义动词的一般现在时:主语+动词原形/第三人称单数形式+其它.
I like apples.He likes apples.
2.用法
①表示习惯性、经常性或者反复出现的动作、状态,常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:always,sometimes,every day,every morning,once a week,hardly,ever,never…
例:I usually go to school at seven o'clock.我通常在七点钟上学.
②描述现在的特征、状态、能力、性格等,是为了表示现阶段的动作或状态.
例:This job calls for great patience.这份工作需要极大的耐心.
③表示客观真理、客观事实.
例:The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转.
④表示名言警句.
Actions speak louder than words.身教胜于言传.
⑤一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划或时间表要发生的事情,通常有一个表示未来的时间状语.
The plane takes off at 8:00.飞起8点钟起飞.
⑥在时间状语或条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来动作.
If I see Kate I'll tell her.如果我看到凯特我会告诉她.
I'll tell her after you leave.你走之后我再告诉她.
3.易混淆点
一般现在时与现在进行时:
一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态,强调长期性、稳定性.现在进行时指现在、此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作,强调暂时性、不稳定性.
She usually goes to school at seven o'clock.(经常性、习惯性动作)
She is going to school now.(现在此刻正在发生的动作)
【典型例题】
Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport ________ in half an hour.(  )
A.will be left
B.leaves
C.has left
D.will have left
分析:简很着急,因为去机场的火车半小时后就要开了。
解答:根据句意和in half an hour可知这句话使用一般现在时,因为这里表示按照时刻表,火车即将离开,用一般现在时表示将来的动作,主语是单数,谓语用三单。
故选:B。
点评:解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型,要分析句子结构,理解句意,考虑语境,选择恰当词。切忌:粗心大意,惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证,得出答案。
【解题思路】
1.确定时态:首先确定句子所描述的动作或状态是发生在现在,还是过去或未来。如果动作或状态发生在现在,那么可以使用一般现在时态。
2.选择正确的动词形式:在一般现在时态中,动词使用一般现在式,即动词的原型或第三人称单数形式。如果句子主语是复数形式(如they/we等),则动词使用复数形式的动词原型(如play/work等)。
3.注意特殊情况:有一些动词在一般现在时态中使用的形式与其基本形式不同,例如be动词(am/is/are)、have动词(has/have)等。在使用这些动词时需要注意其正确形式。
8.一般将来时
【考点介绍】
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow,tomorrow moring/afternoon,next,the day after tomorrow,in the future等。在一般将来时态中,动词使用一般将来式,通常是在动词后加﹣will或﹣be going to形式。对于一般将来时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。
1.结构
(1)will表示一般将来时:will/shall+动词原形
Tomorrow will be Sunday.明天将是星期天了.
(2)be going to表示一般将来时:be going to+动词原形
When are you going to start?你打算什么时候开始?
(3)现在进行时的结构表将来:be+doing
We're leaving next week.我们打算下周离开.
2.用法
(1)用"will/shall+动词原形"表示单纯的将来事实(will可用于所有人称,shall只用于第一人称I和we)
(2)用"be going to+动词原形"表示打算做某事或即将发生某事:
①表打算做某事:
②表即将发生某事:
(3)用"现在进行时",即"be+现在分词"表示按计划或安排要发生的事
3.易混淆点
(1)"will/shall+动词原形"与"be going to+动词原形".
联系:两者均可表示将来时间和意图,两者有时可换用:
I think it will rain this evening./I think it's going to rain this evening.我想今晚会下雨.
区别:
①若要强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的,则通常用be going to.若是某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的当时才临时想到的,则通常用will.比较:
"Jane is in hospital.""Oh,I didn't know.I'll go and visit her."(临时想法,不能与be going to互换)
"Jane is in hospital.""Yes,I know.I'm going to visit her tomorrow."(事先考虑的意图,不能用will)
②若是有迹象表明要发生某事,通常只用be going to,不用will.
Look at those black clouds.It's going to rain.
看那些乌云,要下雨了.
③带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to,而用will:
When he comes back,I will tell him the news.他回来时我就告诉他这个消息.
If he comes back,I will tell him the news.他若回来我就告诉他这个消息.
(2)"be going to+动词原形"与"现在进行时"
①be going to主要表示主观想法或意图,而现在进行时表示将来则主要强调已经作出的安排.比较:
I'm going to wash the car if I have time.若有时间我想洗洗车.(主观想法)
I'm picking you up at 6,don't forget.我6点钟来接你,不要忘了.(已作出的安排)
②但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时,通常要用be going to,不能用现在进行时态:
It's going to snow before long.不久会下雪.
Things are going to get better soon.情况很快就会好起来.
③当表示坚持要(不要)某人做某事时,两者均可用:
She's taking[going to take]that medicine whether he likes it or not.不管她喜欢不喜欢,她都得吃那药.
You're not wearing[going to wear]that skirt to school.你不可以穿那条裙子去上学.
【典型例题】
It is believed that it ________ a long time before the mystery of Sanxingdui is solved.(  )
A.is
B.was
C.has been
D.will be
分析:人们相信,三星堆之谜将需要很长时间才能解开。
解答:"It will be+时间段+before..."是固定句型,意为"要过(多久)才……"。
故选:D。
点评:考查动词时态。学生需正确理解句意,掌握固定句型是解答此题的关键。
【解题思路】
1.确定时态:首先确定句子所描述的动作或状态是发生在将来,还是现在或过去。如果动作或状态发生在将来,那么可以使用一般将来时态。
2.选择正确的动词形式:在一般将来时态中,动词使用一般将来式,通常是在动词后加﹣will或﹣be going to形式。如果句子主语是第一人称单数(如I/we等),则动词使用will形式。如果句子主语是第三人称单数(如he/she/it等),则动词使用be going to形式。如果句子主语是复数形式(如they/we等),则动词使用will或be going to形式的复数形式(如will/are going to)。
3.注意特殊情况:有一些动词在一般将来时态中使用的形式与其基本形式不同,例如be动词(will be/is going to be)、have动词(will have/is going to have)等。在使用这些动词时需要注意其正确形式。
9.现在完成时
【考点介绍】
表示某个动作或状态已经完成,并且这个动作或状态与现在有联系(①过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作;②表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态)。在现在完成时态中,动词使用现在完成式,通常是在动词后加﹣have/has done形式。对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、词语运用或完形填空的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。
1.结构
现在完成时的结构:have / has + 过去分词.例:
①He has seen the film several times.这部电影他已看了好几次.
②I have known her for a long time.我认识她很长时间了.
句中的 has seen 和 have known 均为现在完成时,第一句属影响性用法,其影响是"他对电影内容非常熟悉了";第二句属持续性用法,指"认识她"已持续了很长一段时间.
2.用法
1)影响性用法实例分析:
①.I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了.
根据句意可知,"丢钢笔"这个动作发生在过去,同时也在过去已经完成,但这个在过去发生和完成的动作对现在有影响→我现在无钢笔用,或我得去买支新的.
②.We have finished the work.我们已把工作干完了.
显然"完成工作"这个动作发生在过去,同时也在过去已经完成,但这个在过去发生和完成的动作对现在有影响→我们可以休息了,或可以回家了,或可以做别的事了.
2)持续性用法实例分析:
①.I've waited a week for your answer.等你的答复我已等了一个星期.
根据句意可知,"等"这个动作发生在过去,但它在过去并没有完成,而是一直等到现在,已持续了一个星期.
②.We have lived here quite a number of years.我们在这里住了很多年了.
根据句意可知,"住在这儿"是从过去开始的,但它在过去并没有完成,而是一直等到现在,已持续了好几年.
3.易混淆点
(1)现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:
它们的动作都是发生在过去,不同之处在于,说话者是否强调这个影响:①如果强调对现在的影响,就用现在完成时;②如果不强调对现在的影响,而是强调动作发生的过去时间,就用一般过去时.体会下面的句子:
①.I've washed the car.我已经洗过车了.(车现在是干净的)
②.I washed the car yesterday.我洗了车子.(强调车子昨天洗的)
第一句用的是现在完成时,它强调的是洗车对现在的影响→车现在是干净的;第二句用的是一般过去时,它不强调洗车对现在的影响,只表明车昨天洗过,至于它现在是否干净说话人并不关心.
(2)have been to和have gone to的区别:
①have been to表示曾经去过某地,但现在不在那儿.
②have gone to表示现在已去某地,现在不在这儿.
例:
Have you ever been to Greece?你去过希腊吗?
The Smiths have gone to Canada for a holiday.史密斯全家都到加拿大度假去了.
③与表示次数的once,twice,three times等连用时,只能用have been to,不能用have gone to.
例:She has been to Europe twice.她到欧洲去过两次.
④have been to除可后接地点表示去过某地外,有时还可以接表示活动的名词,表示去参加过某种活动,或接动词原形(尤其是动词see),表示去做过某事.如:
She's just been to a party.她刚参加一个晚会回来.
He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我生病以来他从未来看过我.
【典型例题】
When I first met Bryan I didn't like him,but I ______ my mind.(  )
A.would change
B.was changing
C.had changed
D.have changed
分析:当我第一次遇到布莱恩的时候,我不喜欢他,但是我(现在)改变了主意。
解答:根据句意断定,转折连接词but后面的句子强调的是作者现在的看法,即改变了过去的看法"我第一次遇到布莱恩的时候,我不喜欢他",对现在的影响是"现在喜欢布莱恩了",使用现在完成时。
故选:D。
点评:考查动词时态,学生需正确理解句意,根据关键词句判断句子时态,从而使用动词的正确形式。
【解题思路】
1.确定时态:首先确定句子所描述的动作或状态已经完成,并且与现在有联系。如果动作或状态满足这个条件,那么可以使用现在完成时态。
2.选择正确的动词形式:在现在完成时态中,动词使用现在完成式,通常是在动词后加﹣have/has done形式。如果句子主语是第一人称单数(如I等),则动词使用have形式的现在完成式。如果句子主语是第三人称单数(如he/she/it等),则动词使用has形式的现在完成式。
3.注意特殊情况:有一些动词在现在完成时态中使用的形式与其基本形式不同,例如be动词(have/has been)、have动词(have/has had)等。在使用这些动词时需要注意其正确形式。
10.祈使句
0
11.简单句
0
12.复合句
0
13.连接副词where引导宾语从句
【考点介绍】
宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种.在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。该考点是英语宾语从句中的一种常见的引导词,where是连接副词,可以引导宾语从句,意思为"哪里",不可以省略,起连接作用,充当宾语从句的地点状语。
1.例句
Could you tell me where the library is?
你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗?
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即"连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分".特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构.
3.宾语从句的时态呼应:
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应.如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时).
注意:当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时.
【典型例题】
As part of the zero﹣Covid strategy,China publishes details of________ coronavirus carriers have been,in a bid to help with contact tracking.(  )
A.how
B.what
C.where
D.who
分析:作为"清零"政策的一部分,中国公布了冠状病毒携带者去过的地方的细节,以帮助跟踪接触者。
解答:句意:作为"清零"政策的一部分,中国公布了冠状病毒携带者去过的地方的细节,以帮助跟踪接触者。引导宾语从句,从句中缺少表示地点的连接词,应用where引导。
故选:C。
点评:宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
【解题思路】
1.确定从句类型:首先判断从句的类型,宾语从句通常放在动词或介词之后,即主句的宾语位置。
2.正确理解句意:如果宾语从句连接词的意思是"哪里",用where。
3.分析句子成分:宾语从句缺少地点状语,用where引导。
14.时间状语从句
【考点介绍】
时间状语从句是一种表示动作或状态发生的时间的从句。在英语中,我们通常使用when,whenever,while,before,after,until,since等词语来引导这种从句。
1.辨析when、while和as
(1)when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用.
Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?
The students took notes as they listened.(listen为延续性动词)学生们边听课边做笔记.
(2)when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.
When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了.
(3)从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用.
When /While /As we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来.
(4)当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as.这时,as常表示"随着……";"一边……,一边……"之意.
As the time went on,the weather got worse.(as表示"随着……"之意)
(5)when用于表示"一……就……"的句型中(指过去的事情).
sb.had hardly(scarcely) done sth.when…
=Hardly / Scarcely had sb.done sth.when…
I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.
=Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了.
2.其他连词引导时间状语从句的用法
1)before"在……之前",引导时间状语从句时,表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前.如:
Close the door before you leave the room.离开房间前关上门.
2)after"在……之后",引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后.如:
I went to school after I finished my breakfast.吃完早饭后我就去上学了.
3)until,till"直到",引导时间状语从句.当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句要用否定形式,即"not…until/till…"意为"直到……才……".如:
I'll wait here until/till the rain stops.我将在这里等着,直到雨停.
注意:until可 用于句首,而till通常不用于句首.
4)since引导的时间状语从句.
since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时.但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时.
I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了.
It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了.
5)as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the instant,the minute,等引导的时间状语从句.这些连词都表示"一……就".
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭,我立即到那里去.
The moment I heard the news,I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息,马上赶到了出事地点.
As soon as I reach Canada,I will ring you up.我一到加拿大,就给你来电话.
注意:主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;当hardly,scarcely,rarely和no sooner位于句首时,主句应用倒装语序。
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起,他就起床劳动去了.
Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下,他就进来了.
6)由by the time引导的时间状语从句.注意时态的变化:在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时;如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时.如:
By the time you came back,I had finished this book.到你回来时,我已经写完这本书了.
7)由each time,every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句.
Each time he came to Harbin,he would call on me.他每次来哈尔滨,总是来看我.
Whenever that man says"To tell the truth",I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说"说实在话"的时候,我猜想他就要说谎了.
You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你,见你更年轻了.
8)由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句.这两个连词表示"有多久……就多久".
You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以随意到哪里去,只要在天黑以前回来就行.
I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body只要我一息尚存,我就要反对这种境况.
【典型例题】
一听到那个词,我恐惧至极。(汉译英)
__________________________________________________
分析:一听到那个词,我恐惧至极。
解答:考查时间状语从句和一般过去时。分析句子,句子表述过去事实,故使用一般过去时。表示"一……就"用the moment,the moment引导的是时间状语从句;表示"听到那个词"用hear that word,动词hear用过去式heard;表示"恐惧至极"用extremely terrified,主语为I,be动词用was。
故答案为:The moment I heard that word,I was extremely terrified。
点评:汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,按照适当的语序来翻译。
【解题思路】
1.确定从句类型:通常,我们可以通过从句前面的连接词来判断,如when,after,before等。
2.理解从句意思:理解从句的含义可以帮助你理解主句中的行为或状态发生的时间。
3.注意时态:在时间状语从句中,主句和从句的时态常常不同,需要特别注意。
4.保证句子的逻辑通顺。
5.避免常见错误:如使用错误的引导词、混淆主句和从句的时态等。
15.日常生活
【考点介绍】
日常生活类文章在英语考试中通常以阅读理解的形式出现,主要考查学生的词汇量、阅读理解能力、文化背景知识和生活常识。
【解题思路】
1.快速阅读:先快速浏览全文,了解文章的大致内容。注意文章中的生词和短语,以及段落的结构和逻辑关系。
2.细节阅读:仔细阅读题目,带着问题回到文章中,找到相关的细节信息。注意文章中的时间、地点、人物、事件等关键信息。
3.语境理解:结合上下文理解词汇和短语的意思。对于一些不熟悉的词汇或表达,可以通过上下文推断其含义。
4.逻辑推理:对于需要进行逻辑推理的题目,要仔细阅读题目和选项。根据文章中的信息进行推理,注意避免过度推理和主观臆断。
5.检查答案:完成所有的题目后,再次检查答案,确保没有遗漏或误解题意。
16.人与社会
0
17.历史
【考点介绍】
历史类文章主要涉及各个时期的重要事件、人物、文化和历史背景等内容。这类文章可能以说明、叙述或描述等形式出现,通常会涉及历史事件的因果关系、影响和意义。
【解题思路】
1.明确文章主题和目的:快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容,并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。
2.了解历史背景和分期:仔细阅读文章,注意历史背景和分期方法的介绍。例如,古代、中世纪、近代等。注意这些信息,以便更好地理解文章的内容。
3.注意重要事件和人物:文章可能介绍重要事件和人物。例如,重大战争、政治变革、文化运动等。注意这些信息,以便更好地理解历史的脉络和演变。
4.了解文化背景和影响:文章可能强调文化背景和历史事件的影响。例如,宗教、哲学、科技等。注意这些内容,以便更好地理解历史时期的文化特征和影响。
5.语法和拼写检查:在完成回答时,一定要花时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写,以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。
6.利用已知信息:如果在考试中遇到关于你对某段历史的看法或对历史事件的影响等问题,而文章中没有明确的信息,你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。
18.记叙文
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中,"记叙文"类文章主要涉及个人或他人的经历、事件、情感等方面,通常以第一人称或第三人称的角度进行叙述。这类文章可能包括故事、回忆录、游记、传记等不同形式,考查学生对语言表达和情感态度的理解能力。
【解题思路】
1.抓住主题和关键信息:阅读时要注意文章中的时间、地点、人物和事件等关键信息,并理解作者的情感态度和主题。
2.理解文章结构:记叙文通常有时间顺序、因果关系等结构特点,注意把握文章中的转折、承接等逻辑关系。
3.注意细节:阅读时要注重细节描写,这些细节可能直接或间接地反映出作者的情感和态度,也可能构成文章的线索。
4.完形填空:在完形填空题中,要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意人物性格和情感的变化以及情节的推进。
5.写作:如果要求写作记叙文,要明确人称和时态,注意事件的起承转合和人物性格的刻画。同时,运用适当的修辞手法可以增强文章的表现力。
19.说明文
【考点介绍】
在英语中,"说明文"类文章通常涉及对某个特定主题或观点的详细阐述。这类文章通常具有明确的目的,旨在解释某个概念、过程或观点,帮助读者更好地理解和掌握。与议论文不同的是,说明文不涉及个人观点和立场,而是侧重于客观地阐述事实和信息。
【解题思路】
1.理解主题和目的:注意文章的标题和开头段落,这可以帮助你快速了解文章的主题和作者要阐述的内容。
2.抓住主要特点:例如事物或现象的主要特点、工作原理或操作步骤等。
3.分析文章结构:通常来说,说明文会按照以下结构展开:引言(Introduction)、主体(Body)和结论(Conclusion)。
4.细节阅读:注意文章中使用的实例、数据和插图等辅助材料。
5.完形填空:要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配,同时要结合文章的主题和内容进行推理。
6.写作:要明确主题和目的,安排好文章结构。在写作过程中,使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和解释,同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用实例、数据和图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。
20.细节理解
【考点介绍】
英语阅读中的"细节理解"考点主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解和把握能力。这类考点通常会以各种形式出现,例如直接细节题、间接细节题、细节转换题等。这类题目通常会涉及到文章中的一些具体事实、细节,如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等。
【解题思路】
1.抓住关键词:首先,考生需要先明确题目中询问的具体内容,一般来说,题目中的"细节"一词通常会与时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等关键词一起出现。
2.精准定位:在找到关键词后,考生需要快速浏览文章,找到与题目中询问的内容相关的段落。注意,题目中的细节可能会出现在不同的段落中,因此考生需要仔细阅读每个段落,尤其是包含关键词的句子及其周围的句子。
3.理解细节内容:在找到相关段落后,考生需要仔细阅读该段落的每一句话,理解其具体含义。对于其中的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等细节信息,考生需要特别注意。同时,考生还需要注意段落中的逻辑关系,这有助于理解细节信息的真正含义。
4.对比选项:一般来说,正确答案会在原文中直接给出或者根据原文中的细节信息进行推理得到。考生要注意选项中的细节是否与原文一致,尤其要注意那些在原文中被特别强调的信息。
5.排除干扰项:有些选项可能会给出与原文相似但不完全一致的信息,或者给出一些原文中没有提到的信息。考生要学会识别这些干扰项,从而排除它们,找到正确答案。
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发布日期:2023年12月24日  所属分类:作业答案