2023-2024河南驻马店高三上学期12月青桐鸣联考试卷英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）

2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大联考(高三)
英语
全卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题的答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话, 每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man doing
A Purchasing a gift. B. Making a reservation. C. Confirming a booking.
2. What does the woman encourage John to do
A. See his friend off, B. Understand his friend. C. Lift his spirits.
3. What is the man worried about
A. Betty’s fingers. B. Betty’s match. C. Betty’s confidence.
4. Where will the man probably go on Saturday night
A. The cinema. B. The woman’s house. C. The restaurant.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Opinions on violence. B. Facts about kids. C. The making of movies.
第二节 (共15 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man like the Reader’s Digest
A. It’s intended for youth. B. It makes readers inspired. C. It’s a best-seller.
7. How often is the Reader’s Digest published
A. Once a month B. Twice a month. C. Once a week.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What made the man order Chinese food for this evening
A. A traditional cuisine. B. A new chef. C. A rich menu.
9. What does the woman want to learn about Chinese food
A. Where to buy. B. When to order. C. How to cook.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What did Lily do last night
A. She went for a coffee. B. She did some sports. C. She went to a music show.
11. What do we know about Jenny
A. She likes to paint her face blue.
B. She is always late for appointments.
C. She feels upset at time management.
12. What is Ken doing now
A. Giving advice. B. Arranging the time. C. Offering encouragement.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Hostess and guest. C. Teacher and student.
14. What may be the direct result of people having the fear of failure
A. They seek help. B. They move forward. C. They do nothing.
15. How should people find the causes of fear of failure
A. By analyzing the result of failure.
B. By recognizing the harm of failure.
C. By understanding the meaning of failure.
16. What is the second advice of Mr. White
A. Setting goals. B. Taking action. C. Trying again.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is probably Gregory Stachel
A. A reporter. B. An engineer. C. An officer.
18. What do we know about most of the current robot models
A. They can’t get enough investment.
B. They don’t appear to work well.
C. They aren’t applied in real life.
19. What is Agility’s robot Digit designed to do
A. Create more profit. B. Perform human tasks. C. Compete with humans.
20. What is one of the aims of Figure AI
A. To build robots that can do many jobs.
B. To invent robots that replace humans
C. To develop robots that have multiple features.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Ultimate Guide to Sussex
Sussex offers beautiful countryside, charming seaside towns and some of the best vineyards (葡萄园) in the UK. Plan your Sussex getaway with our ultimate guide.
Monk’s House
Put your National Trust membership to good use with a visit to Monk’s House purchased by Virginia and her husband Leonard Woolf in 1919. Virginia wrote many of her most celebrated works at the house, including the essay A Room of One’s Own. Admire the weatherboarded cottage’s beautiful antiques, seemingly untouched since 1969, when Leonard died.
Beachy Head
Come to Beachy Head and you’ll be greeted by one of the most splendid coastal stretches in all of Britain. It offers superb views of Eastbourne and the English Channel from 530 feet above the water. Spring through autumn are the best times to visit. Look out for the Beachy Head Marathon, which takes place every October. There’s a pay and display car park, a pub, toilet facilities and, during summer, the welcome sight of an ice-cream truck.
The Long Man of Wilmington
On the grassy ground of Windover Hill—a 235-foot figure known as the Long Man has been here for centuries. Archaeological researchers believe The Long Man of Wilmington actually dates to around the 16th century. If you’re feeling active, hike from The Long Man of Wilmington to East Sussex’s other chalk-carved figure, the Litlington White Horse.
Lewes
This town is just the right size to explore in a day, though do consider staying overnight to make good use of the local restaurants, pubs and wine bars. Lewes is one of the best places to shop in Sussex with a delightful mix of independent, antique and high street brands. If you’re visiting during summer, pack your bathers for a visit to Pells Pool, the oldest known freshwater swimming pool in the UK. You’ll need to pre-book a session.
1. In which place may visitors witness a sports event
A. Monk’s House. B. Beachy Head.
C. The Long Man of Wilmington. D. Lewes.
2. What should visitors do before going to Pells Pool
A. Book in advance. B. Apply for membership.
C. Contact a local lifeguard. D. Learn from experienced bathers.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce special exhibits in Sussex. B. To show us where to stay in Sussex.
C. To tell us what to explore in Sussex. D. To advertise the coming events in Sussex.
B
We had finally decided to skip our traditional family dinner and make the trip to Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade when Kerry was 5. Like many other families we packed a small backpack with sliced turkey sandwiches and juice boxes. After getting off the train, we were walking up to the entrance when Kerry spotted a homeless woman sitting in the shadows, invisible to all except my curious daughter.
“What’s that ” she asked. Linda and I looked at each other, worried about the need to explain something very different than the happy scene we were about to join. During our first years of parenthood we’d discussed how we would explain such topics as life, death, and love. But homelessness It came so suddenly that we just gave as simple an explanation as we could and continued on to the parade.
The following year, we decided to attend the parade again. So the night before Thanksgiving we went shopping for sliced turkey for sandwiches. “Can we bring some sandwiches for those people ” she inquired, Again, Kerry caught us off guard. “Why ” was my first reaction. But we knew immediately whom she meant. How could we refuse Why would we refuse This was a golden opportunity to honor Kerry’s sense of charity. Six-year-old Kerry was teaching us an important lesson. That night we prepared and packed two-dozen sandwiches into our now overstuffed backpack.
Scanning the shadows after reaching Manhattan again, Kerry spotted a homeless man sitting in the same spot as last year. We stopped and took out the first of the little feasts from the pack. Without a word of instruction, we handed it to Kerry. She walked over to the man slowly, handing the sandwich to him. Neither spoke a word. Then we were off to the parade, stopping along the way to distribute the rest of the sandwiches, except one for each of us.
Somehow, no giant Thanksgiving sit-down feast ever tasted as good as those sandwiches. Over the next decade we did the same things again and again. After all, there’s nothing like sharing a turkey sandwich with new friends.
4. Why did the author and his wife feel worried when asked about homelessness
A. They were not prepared. B. They paid little attention.
C. They were socially disadvantaged. D. They were inconsiderate.
5. How did the author feel when more sandwiches were asked the next year
A. Relieved. B. Excited. C. Annoyed. D. Astonished.
6. What can best describe Kerry according to the text
A. Kind and brave. B. Caring and generous.
C. Ambitious and confident. D. Faithful and creative.
7. What does the author mainly want to tell us about Thanksgiving
A. It’s a word of action. B. It’s an old tradition.
C. It’s a good time of reunion. D. It’s a surprising feast.
C
We, modern humans, spend 90% of our time inside, traveling between homes and offices, schools and apartments, restaurants and gyms. I’ve been hearing this statistic so much that I started to wonder if it was an urban legend. It’s not! The best reference for the statistic appears to be The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS).
The survey was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). “EPA’s main purpose for collecting the NHAPS data was to provide diary records that could be used as inputs for computer-based human exposure models,” says the study. In other words, in order to understand how humans might be impacted by pollutants in our various indoor and outdoor environments, scientists needed to know how much time we spend in different locations.
The survey was conducted by the University of Maryland’s Survey Research Center. The survey used telephone interviews to collect 24-hour retrospective (回顾的) diaries from each respondent (调查对象). Between 340 and 1, 713 respondents were interviewed in each of the ten EPA regions across the 48 neighboring states. Respondents were generally representative of the whole nation for gender, age, race, and educational attainment.
Americans spend 87% of their time indoors and an additional 6% in an enclosed vehicle. These proportions (比例) are also fairly constant across various regions of the United States and Canada. The finding that emerges is that we are basically an indoor species. In a modern society, total time outdoors is the most negligible part of the day, often so small that it barely shows up in the total.
Is the study accurate Probably not. It may not take into account some populations that spend a high proportion of time outside. As the study states, “Those who were away from a home for extended periods were not included in the survey. These individuals may be more likely than those who were at home to spend large quantities of time outdoors.” Also, the survey methodology also doesn’t account well for bits of time spent taking out the trash, walking to the car, or taking a smoke break outside.
8. What can we learn about modern humans according to NHAPS
A. They’re an indoor species. B. They’re an urban legend.
C. They enjoy a leisurely life. D. They like living in modern cities.
9. What helps researchers know pollutants’ influences on humans well
A. Humans’ different living habits. B. Humans’ way of keeping a diary.
C. Humans’ time spent in various locations. D. Humans’ attitude towards the researchers.
10. What does the underlined word “negligible” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Fixed. B. Noticeable. C. Rewarding. D. Insignificant.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. A suggestion for further studies. B. A possible reason for the finding.
C. An explanation of the research method. D. A major limitation of the study.
D
Fallen leaves are everywhere as winter comes. Traditionally people sweep up the fallen leaves, put them in bags and send them to landfills. But there is a growing movement to leave leaves on the ground. They’ll naturally break down over the winter into rich organic matter. The matter also shelters some insects.
But some leaves prevent the growth of other plants. Black walnut (黑胡桃), for example, contains a poison in its leaves that kills many plants, including apples, peppers, tomatoes and potatoes. Besides, whole leaves should not be permitted to remain on walkways, where they could make the path dangerously slippery. They should also not be left on grass lawns, where they are likely to cause disease. In areas that experience snow cover, water would become trapped between grass and leaves. In areas without snow, whole leaves that cover grasses block water and sunlight from reaching the soil below.
Many people choose to break up the leaves using a machine and let the pieces fall between pieces of grass. Then the pieces break down further in the soil. However, this treatment can kill insects and their eggs.
Another method is to take the leaves off the lawn and spread them lightly to cover garden beds. The leaves mostly break down by spring and almost entirely by summer. But if not they should be removed before spring growth begins.
Leaves also can be used to make leaf mold (腐叶土), a type of fertilizer made entirely from leaves. Just put the leaves in a corner, add nitrogen fertilizer (氮肥), and then water them to keep them wet inside. It may take a year or two, but the leaves will break down into a nutritious soil.
Fallen leaves build rich soil, protect plant roots and shelter wildlife, in your garden, and elsewhere. Done correctly, leaving the leaves is one of the best ways to turn yard waste into free fertilizer, which is good for plants, the environment, and saving money. Why waste that important resource
12. What do people usually do with the fallen leaves
A. Leave them where they are. B. Gather them to be handled.
C. Use them as insects’ shelters. D. Spread them to cover the garden.
13. Why are Black walnut leaves mentioned
A. To analyse their unique features. B. To compare their main differences.
C. To change people’s opinions on leaves. D. To show the potential dangers of some leaves.
14. Why should people water when making leaf mold
A. To make nitrogen fertilizer. B. To keep leaves from drying out.
C. To keep leaves in original shape. D. To lock the nutritious matter.
15. What is the most suitable title for the text
A. How Can Fallen Leaves Be Turned into Art B. Do Leaves Fall to the Ground Around the Roots
C. Should You “Leave the Leaves” on the Ground D. Will What Comes from Leaves Return to the Soil
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The UK typically produces an additional 30% of rubbish throughout the festive period compared to the rest of the year, as Britons collectively send over 100 million bags of rubbish to landfills every Christmas. ___16___.
Remember that less is more. Research from Business Waste found that UK citizens spend 700 million on unwanted gifts every year. In addition, of all the purchases made for Christmas, only 1% will remain in use six months down the line. ___17___. Furthermore, try to choose products with minimal packaging and recycled materials wherever possible. Simple switches can make a big difference!
___18___. If you’re searching for a gift that does as good as it looks, step inside the Ocean Bottle Christmas Gift Shop. There’s something for everyone, including the planet. When you buy an Ocean Bottle, you fund the collection of one thousand ocean-bound plastic bottles before they enter the ocean. Besides, 67% of these award-winning bottles are recycled. ___19___. So, you can rest assured that they won’t end up in the landfill before next Christmas!
You need to know the materials. ___20___, it can be easy to forget about other things like wrapping paper or our clothing. For example, some cards and wrapping paper are finished with materials that can’t be recycled. So, from Christmas cards to your Christmas sweater, take the time to look at materials and understand if and how you can deal with them in the most planet-friendly way. Reusing old wrapping paper or purchasing recyclable paper is highly recommended.
A. One gift can mean 1,000
B. Consider cutting out gifts and cards
C. As there are so many materials to choose from
D. They’re made to last, complete with a 10-year guarantee
E. While many of us know single-use plastic can’t be recycled
F. So you’d better try to focus on quality, not quantity, when shopping for gifts
G. Thankfully, we’re on hand to share some tips to lower your impact this Christmas
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had to leave school at a young age because of my poor family. I decided to go back to college to ___21___ my dream at 42. Could I balance the ___22___ as a student mom and wife I managed to ___23___ enough money for my first semester though our budget was ___24___. But I had no idea how I would pay for anything beyond that. With a step of faith, I ___25___.
Studying with kids half my age, I had to ___26___ myself to learn new things. After the initial first weeks passed, however, a balance was ___27___ between my studying and living.
How to make ends meet at home was still my ___28___. But one day, a professor mentioned that grant money (助学金) was ___29___ to students like me. So I began the application process. ___30___, I received a call from my professor telling me that I was selected weeks later. I’d have to ___31___ some volunteer hours as required by the grant program, but the remainder of my college expenses would be ___32___. I hung up the phone with teary eyes. I couldn’t believe my dream was becoming a ___33___.
For another two years. I continued taking summer sessions. For the next eighteen years, I taught in a primary school. I told students my ___34___ of how I achieved my dream all my life.
If you’re working on something that you really care about, you don’t have to be ___35___. The dream pulls you.
21.
A. transform B. pursue C. acknowledge D. confirm
22.
A. roles B. models C. conflicts D. stresses
23.
A. donate B. win C. lend D. spare
24.
A. unlimited B. sufficient C. tight D. balanced
25.
A. stepped forward B. took off C. stayed up D. moved around
26.
A. behave B. amuse C. prove D. challenge
27.
A. disturbed B. restored C. achieved D. shifted
28.
A. relief B. concern C. curiosity D. resolution
29.
A. unique B. available C. related D. familiar
30.
A. Luckily B. Naturally C. Accidentally D. Undoubtedly
31.
A. manage B. skip C. invest D. record
32.
A. updated B. charged C. registered D. covered
33.
A. fantasy B. reality C. secret D. belief
34.
A. story B. adventure C. discovery D. theory
35.
A. motivated B. recognized C. pushed D. exposed
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the announcement by the United Nations World Tourism Organization in October, four Chinese villages ___36___ (name) Best Tourism Village of 2023. China now has eight villages on the list, more than any other countries in the world.
Huangling village in Jiangxi province is noted for its ___37___ (amaze) natural scenery, traditional architecture and the ___38___ (preserve) of ancient customs. Its architectural features provide people with a chance to explore China’s rich history and cultural heritage.
Zhagana village is located ___39___ a height of 3,000 to 3,300 meters above sea level and is surrounded by mountains, with the highest peak ___40___ (reach) 4,500 meters. It used to be a closed mountainous village, but now it has changed to a scenic spot ___41___ visitors can enjoy a slow and leisurely life.
Xiajiang village, located in East China’s Zhejiang province, is famous for its unique natural beauty ___42___ a great cultural heritage that spans (贯穿) from traditional folk culture to historical “red culture”.
Zhujiawan village, situated in Zhashui county, Shangluo city, ___43___ (cover) an area of 126 square kilometers and has over 1,200 species of diverse animals and plant resources. ___44___ (additional), it is home to 17 tangible (有形的) cultural sites, such as ancient Qinling Mountain houses, time-worn roads and the historic Xiaoyi Hall site. During this ____45____ (year) travel peak season, over 15,000 tourists flock to Zhujiawan village daily.
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 11月21日是“世界问候日(World Hello Day)”，你校将在这一天举办“学礼，从你我做起”的主题活动。假定你是李华，请给你的留学生朋友Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加， 内容包括：
1. 活动简介；
2, 发出邀请。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometimes, a kind word from a stranger during a stressful moment can mean the world to someone. My daughter Rachel had severe ADHD (多动症) as a child and the most embarrassing and trying moments were when we were out in public. I would try to quickly get my shopping done while trying my level best to avoid a meltdown when she was begging me for a toy or candy bar.
My daughter has grown into a wonderful young woman now. Most people who hear my stories of her struggles growing up don’t believe me when they meet her. This is a proof of the saying, “It gets better,” because it really does. Those old memories of her extreme anger feel not-so-distant when I encounter a child’s mirror-image behavior in a store. More often than not, I continue shopping, never stopping to offer any kind of assistance or words of encouragement to the parent. Until recently.
Last week, I was shopping in our local market. My daughter happened to be with me. As we were choosing what she needed, we heard the start of a child’s meltdown that would last more than fifteen minutes. I decided to walk over to investigate the situation, already picturing the scene in my mind. No doubt, the cries of the young boy could be heard clear across the store.
My daughter came up to me and said, “Mom! Is that what I sounded like when I was little ”
“Yes Rachel, you sounded just like that,” I replied.
Several more minutes went by, and the boy just wouldn’t stop. I arrived at the aisle (过道) to find a twenty-something mother standing in the middle of the aisle calmly telling the boy, “No.” She was not going to get whatever the boy so desperately wanted. I knew she was doing an excellent job of ignoring his behavior while trying to remain calm during this trying situation. Her eyes said everything that I had ever felt in those moments. I’m sure she would also pass this tough time in the end because “It gets better.” She needed some encouragement at this moment and I happened to have the same experience, so I decided to share my story.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I walked over to the mom.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I knew she was grateful for the kind words of a stranger.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大联考(高三)
英语
全卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题的答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话, 每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man doing
A. Purchasing a gift. B. Making a reservation. C. Confirming a booking.
2. What does the woman encourage John to do
A. See his friend off, B. Understand his friend. C. Lift his spirits.
3. What is the man worried about
A. Betty’s fingers. B. Betty’s match. C. Betty’s confidence.
4. Where will the man probably go on Saturday night
A. The cinema. B. The woman’s house. C. The restaurant.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Opinions on violence. B. Facts about kids. C. The making of movies.
第二节 (共15 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man like the Reader’s Digest
A. It’s intended for youth. B. It makes readers inspired. C. It’s a best-seller.
7. How often is the Reader’s Digest published
A. Once a month B. Twice a month. C. Once a week.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What made the man order Chinese food for this evening
A. A traditional cuisine. B. A new chef. C. A rich menu.
9. What does the woman want to learn about Chinese food
A. Where to buy. B. When to order. C. How to cook.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What did Lily do last night
A. She went for a coffee. B. She did some sports. C. She went to a music show.
11. What do we know about Jenny
A She likes to paint her face blue.
B. She is always late for appointments.
C. She feels upset at time management.
12. What is Ken doing now
A. Giving advice. B. Arranging the time. C. Offering encouragement.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Hostess and guest. C. Teacher and student.
14. What may be the direct result of people having the fear of failure
A. They seek help. B. They move forward. C. They do nothing.
15. How should people find the causes of fear of failure
A. By analyzing the result of failure.
B. By recognizing the harm of failure.
C. By understanding the meaning of failure.
16. What is the second advice of Mr. White
A. Setting goals. B. Taking action. C. Trying again.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is probably Gregory Stachel
A. A reporter. B. An engineer. C. An officer.
18. What do we know about most of the current robot models
A. They can’t get enough investment.
B. They don’t appear to work well.
C. They aren’t applied in real life.
19. What is Agility’s robot Digit designed to do
A. Create more profit. B. Perform human tasks. C. Compete with humans.
20. What is one of the aims of Figure AI
A. To build robots that can do many jobs.
B. To invent robots that replace humans
C. To develop robots that have multiple features.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Ultimate Guide to Sussex
Sussex offers beautiful countryside, charming seaside towns and some of the best vineyards (葡萄园) in the UK. Plan your Sussex getaway with our ultimate guide.
Monk’s House
Put your National Trust membership to good use with a visit to Monk’s House purchased by Virginia and her husband Leonard Woolf in 1919. Virginia wrote many of her most celebrated works at the house, including the essay A Room of One’s Own. Admire the weatherboarded cottage’s beautiful antiques, seemingly untouched since 1969, when Leonard died.
Beachy Head
Come to Beachy Head and you’ll be greeted by one of the most splendid coastal stretches in all of Britain. It offers superb views of Eastbourne and the English Channel from 530 feet above the water. Spring through autumn are the best times to visit. Look out for the Beachy Head Marathon, which takes place every October. There’s a pay and display car park, a pub, toilet facilities and, during summer, the welcome sight of an ice-cream truck.
The Long Man of Wilmington
On the grassy ground of Windover Hill—a 235-foot figure known as the Long Man has been here for centuries. Archaeological researchers believe The Long Man of Wilmington actually dates to around the 16th century. If you’re feeling active, hike from The Long Man of Wilmington to East Sussex’s other chalk-carved figure, the Litlington White Horse.
Lewes
This town is just the right size to explore in a day, though do consider staying overnight to make good use of the local restaurants, pubs and wine bars. Lewes is one of the best places to shop in Sussex with a delightful mix of independent, antique and high street brands. If you’re visiting during summer, pack your bathers for a visit to Pells Pool, the oldest known freshwater swimming pool in the UK. You’ll need to pre-book a session.
1. In which place may visitors witness a sports event
A. Monk’s House. B. Beachy Head.
C. The Long Man of Wilmington. D. Lewes.
2. What should visitors do before going to Pells Pool
A. Book in advance. B. Apply for membership.
C. Contact a local lifeguard. D. Learn from experienced bathers.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce special exhibits in Sussex. B. To show us where to stay in Sussex.
C. To tell us what to explore in Sussex. D. To advertise the coming events in Sussex.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏塞克斯最值得游览的旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Beachy Head中“Look out for the Beachy Head Marathon, which takes place every October. (请留意每年十月举行的Beachy Head马拉松比赛。)”可知，游客可以在Beachy Head观看体育赛事。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lewes中“If you’re visiting during summer, pack your bathers for a visit to Pells Pool, the oldest known freshwater swimming pool in the UK. You’ll need to pre-book a session. (如果你是在夏天去，带着你的游泳用品去参观Pells游泳池，这是英国最古老的淡水游泳池。你需要提前预约。)”可知，游客在去Pells游泳池之前，要提前预约。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Sussex offers beautiful countryside, charming seaside towns and some of the best vineyards (葡萄园) in the UK. Plan your Sussex getaway with our ultimate guide. (苏塞克斯拥有美丽的乡村、迷人的海滨小镇和一些英国最好的葡萄园。与我们的终极指南一起计划您的苏塞克斯之旅。)”可知，本文主要介绍了苏塞克斯最值得游览的旅游景点，所以其目的是告诉我们在苏塞克斯有什么值得探索的。故选C项。
B
We had finally decided to skip our traditional family dinner and make the trip to Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade when Kerry was 5. Like many other families we packed a small backpack with sliced turkey sandwiches and juice boxes. After getting off the train, we were walking up to the entrance when Kerry spotted a homeless woman sitting in the shadows, invisible to all except my curious daughter.
“What’s that ” she asked. Linda and I looked at each other, worried about the need to explain something very different than the happy scene we were about to join. During our first years of parenthood we’d discussed how we would explain such topics as life, death, and love. But homelessness It came so suddenly that we just gave as simple an explanation as we could and continued on to the parade.
The following year, we decided to attend the parade again. So the night before Thanksgiving we went shopping for sliced turkey for sandwiches. “Can we bring some sandwiches for those people ” she inquired, Again, Kerry caught us off guard. “Why ” was my first reaction. But we knew immediately whom she meant. How could we refuse Why would we refuse This was a golden opportunity to honor Kerry’s sense of charity. Six-year-old Kerry was teaching us an important lesson. That night we prepared and packed two-dozen sandwiches into our now overstuffed backpack.
Scanning the shadows after reaching Manhattan again, Kerry spotted a homeless man sitting in the same spot as last year. We stopped and took out the first of the little feasts from the pack. Without a word of instruction, we handed it to Kerry. She walked over to the man slowly, handing the sandwich to him. Neither spoke a word. Then we were off to the parade, stopping along the way to distribute the rest of the sandwiches, except one for each of us.
Somehow, no giant Thanksgiving sit-down feast ever tasted as good as those sandwiches. Over the next decade we did the same things again and again. After all, there’s nothing like sharing a turkey sandwich with new friends.
4. Why did the author and his wife feel worried when asked about homelessness
A. They were not prepared. B. They paid little attention.
C. They were socially disadvantaged. D. They were inconsiderate.
5. How did the author feel when more sandwiches were asked the next year
A. Relieved. B. Excited. C. Annoyed. D. Astonished.
6. What can best describe Kerry according to the text
A. Kind and brave. B. Caring and generous.
C. Ambitious and confident. D. Faithful and creative.
7. What does the author mainly want to tell us about Thanksgiving
A. It’s a word of action. B. It’s an old tradition.
C. It’s a good time of reunion. D. It’s a surprising feast.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家人在女儿Kerry五岁的时候，去梅西百货的感恩节游行，发现了一个无家可归的女人。从此以后的感恩节，作者一家都会把火鸡三明治带给那些无家可回的人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“During our first years of parenthood we’d discussed how we would explain such topics as life, death, and love. But homelessness (在我们为人父母的头几年，我们讨论了如何解释生、死和爱等话题。但是无家可归？)”可知，作者和他妻子没有准备好这个问题。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Again, Kerry caught us off guard. “Why ” was my first reaction.(Kerry再次让我们措手不及。“为什么？”这是我的第一反应)”可知，Kerry说要多带些三明治给那些人的时候，我感到很吃惊。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ “Can we bring some sandwiches for those people ” she inquired.(“我们能给那些人带些三明治吗？”她问道)”可知，Kerry是关心他人的，慷慨大方的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Over the next decade we did the same things again and again. After all, there’s nothing like sharing a turkey sandwich with new friends.(在接下来的十年里，我们一次又一次地做着同样的事情。毕竟，没有什么比和新朋友分享火鸡三明治更好的了)”可知，感恩是一句要付诸行动的话。故选A项。
C
We, modern humans, spend 90% of our time inside, traveling between homes and offices, schools and apartments, restaurants and gyms. I’ve been hearing this statistic so much that I started to wonder if it was an urban legend. It’s not! The best reference for the statistic appears to be The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS).
The survey was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). “EPA’s main purpose for collecting the NHAPS data was to provide diary records that could be used as inputs for computer-based human exposure models,” says the study. In other words, in order to understand how humans might be impacted by pollutants in our various indoor and outdoor environments, scientists needed to know how much time we spend in different locations.
The survey was conducted by the University of Maryland’s Survey Research Center. The survey used telephone interviews to collect 24-hour retrospective (回顾的) diaries from each respondent (调查对象). Between 340 and 1, 713 respondents were interviewed in each of the ten EPA regions across the 48 neighboring states. Respondents were generally representative of the whole nation for gender, age, race, and educational attainment.
Americans spend 87% of their time indoors and an additional 6% in an enclosed vehicle. These proportions (比例) are also fairly constant across various regions of the United States and Canada. The finding that emerges is that we are basically an indoor species. In a modern society, total time outdoors is the most negligible part of the day, often so small that it barely shows up in the total.
Is the study accurate Probably not. It may not take into account some populations that spend a high proportion of time outside. As the study states, “Those who were away from a home for extended periods were not included in the survey. These individuals may be more likely than those who were at home to spend large quantities of time outdoors.” Also, the survey methodology also doesn’t account well for bits of time spent taking out the trash, walking to the car, or taking a smoke break outside.
8. What can we learn about modern humans according to NHAPS
A. They’re an indoor species. B. They’re an urban legend.
C. They enjoy a leisurely life. D. They like living in modern cities.
9. What helps researchers know pollutants’ influences on humans well
A. Humans’ different living habits. B. Humans’ way of keeping a diary.
C. Humans’ time spent in various locations. D. Humans’ attitude towards the researchers.
10 What does the underlined word “negligible” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Fixed. B. Noticeable. C. Rewarding. D. Insignificant.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. A suggestion for further studies. B. A possible reason for the finding.
C. An explanation of the research method. D. A major limitation of the study.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，表明我们人类基本上是室内物种。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“We, modern humans, spend 90% of our time inside, traveling between homes and offices, schools and apartments, restaurants and gyms. (作为现代人，我们90%的时间都在室内，往返于家庭和办公室、学校和公寓、餐馆和健身房之间)”和倒数第二段中“The finding that emerges is that we are basically an indoor species.(研究结果表明，我们基本上是室内物种)”可知，根据NHAPS，我们可以了解到：现代人类有90%的时间都在室内，是室内物种。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In other words, in order to understand how humans might be impacted by pollutants in our various indoor and outdoor environments, scientists needed to know how much time we spend in different locations. (换句话说，为了了解人类在各种室内和室外环境中如何受到污染物的影响，科学家们需要知道我们在不同地点花费的时间)”可知，人类在不同地点度过的时间能帮助研究人员更好地了解污染物对人类的影响。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句后半部分“often so small that it barely shows up in the total (通常是如此之少，以至于几乎没有出现在总数中)”说明数量很少，几乎没有，从而推知划线词句“In a modern society, total time outdoors is the most negligible part of the day (在现代社会中，户外活动的总时间是一天中最negligible部分)”中划线单词的意思是“非常少的，不明显的”。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Is the study accurate Probably not. It may not take into account some populations that spend a high proportion of time outside. (这项研究准确吗？可能不会。它可能没有考虑到一些在户外花费大量时间的人群)”以及“Also, the survey methodology also doesn’t account well for bits of time spent taking out the trash, walking to the car, or taking a smoke break outside. (此外，调查方法也没有很好地考虑到人们花在倒垃圾、走向汽车或在外面抽烟上的时间)”可知，本段主要说明这项研究的主要局限性。故选D项。
D
Fallen leaves are everywhere as winter comes. Traditionally, people sweep up the fallen leaves, put them in bags and send them to landfills. But there is a growing movement to leave leaves on the ground. They’ll naturally break down over the winter into rich organic matter. The matter also shelters some insects.
But some leaves prevent the growth of other plants. Black walnut (黑胡桃), for example, contains a poison in its leaves that kills many plants, including apples, peppers, tomatoes and potatoes. Besides, whole leaves should not be permitted to remain on walkways, where they could make the path dangerously slippery. They should also not be left on grass lawns, where they are likely to cause disease. In areas that experience snow cover, water would become trapped between grass and leaves. In areas without snow, whole leaves that cover grasses block water and sunlight from reaching the soil below.
Many people choose to break up the leaves using a machine and let the pieces fall between pieces of grass. Then the pieces break down further in the soil. However, this treatment can kill insects and their eggs.
Another method is to take the leaves off the lawn and spread them lightly to cover garden beds. The leaves mostly break down by spring and almost entirely by summer. But if not, they should be removed before spring growth begins.
Leaves also can be used to make leaf mold (腐叶土), a type of fertilizer made entirely from leaves. Just put the leaves in a corner, add nitrogen fertilizer (氮肥), and then water them to keep them wet inside. It may take a year or two, but the leaves will break down into a nutritious soil.
Fallen leaves build rich soil, protect plant roots and shelter wildlife, in your garden, and elsewhere. Done correctly, leaving the leaves is one of the best ways to turn yard waste into free fertilizer, which is good for plants, the environment, and saving money. Why waste that important resource
12. What do people usually do with the fallen leaves
A. Leave them where they are. B. Gather them to be handled.
C. Use them as insects’ shelters. D. Spread them to cover the garden.
13. Why are Black walnut leaves mentioned
A. To analyse their unique features. B. To compare their main differences.
C. To change people’s opinions on leaves. D. To show the potential dangers of some leaves.
14. Why should people water when making leaf mold
A. To make nitrogen fertilizer. B. To keep leaves from drying out.
C. To keep leaves in original shape. D. To lock the nutritious matter.
15. What is the most suitable title for the text
A. How Can Fallen Leaves Be Turned into Art B. Do Leaves Fall to the Ground Around the Roots
C. Should You “Leave the Leaves” on the Ground D. Will What Comes from Leaves Return to the Soil
【答案】12 B 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们对于落叶的不同处理方式，指出如果处理得当，留下树叶是将院子里的垃圾转化为免费肥料的最好方法之一，这对植物、环境和省钱都有好处。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Traditionally, people sweep up the fallen leaves, put them in bags and send them to landfills. (传统上，人们把落叶扫起来，装进袋子，然后送到垃圾填埋场)”可知，人们通常把落叶收集起来处理。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But some leaves prevent the growth of other plants. Black walnut (黑胡桃), for example, contains a poison in its leaves that kills many plants, including apples, peppers, tomatoes and potatoes. (但是有些叶子会阻碍其他植物的生长。例如，黑核桃的叶子中含有一种毒素，可以杀死许多植物，包括苹果、辣椒、西红柿和土豆)”可知，提到黑核桃叶是为了表明一些叶子的潜在危险。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Just put the leaves in a corner, add nitrogen fertilizer (氮肥), and then water them to keep them wet inside. It may take a year or two, but the leaves will break down into a nutritious soil.(把叶子放在角落里，加入氮肥，然后浇水以保持叶子内部湿润。这可能需要一两年的时间，但树叶会分解成有营养的土壤)”可知，人们在制作叶霉时浇水是为了防止树叶变干。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fallen leaves are everywhere as winter comes. Traditionally, people sweep up the fallen leaves, put them in bags and send them to landfills. But there is a growing movement to leave leaves on the ground. They’ll naturally break down over the winter into rich organic matter. The matter also shelters some insects.(冬天来了，到处都是落叶。传统上，人们把落叶扫起来，装进袋子，然后送到垃圾填埋场。但是在地面上留下树叶的运动越来越多。它们会在冬天自然分解成丰富的有机物。这种物质也庇护了一些昆虫)”结合文章主要说明了人们对于落叶的不同处理方式，指出如果处理得当，留下树叶是将院子里的垃圾转化为免费肥料的最好方法之一，这对植物、环境和省钱都有好处。故C选项“你应该“把树叶”留在地上吗？”符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The UK typically produces an additional 30% of rubbish throughout the festive period compared to the rest of the year, as Britons collectively send over 100 million bags of rubbish to landfills every Christmas. ___16___.
Remember that less is more. Research from Business Waste found that UK citizens spend 700 million on unwanted gifts every year. In addition, of all the purchases made for Christmas, only 1% will remain in use six months down the line. ___17___. Furthermore, try to choose products with minimal packaging and recycled materials wherever possible. Simple switches can make a big difference!
___18___. If you’re searching for a gift that does as good as it looks, step inside the Ocean Bottle Christmas Gift Shop. There’s something for everyone, including the planet. When you buy an Ocean Bottle, you fund the collection of one thousand ocean-bound plastic bottles before they enter the ocean. Besides, 67% of these award-winning bottles are recycled. ___19___. So, you can rest assured that they won’t end up in the landfill before next Christmas!
You need to know the materials. ___20___, it can be easy to forget about other things like wrapping paper or our clothing. For example, some cards and wrapping paper are finished with materials that can’t be recycled. So, from Christmas cards to your Christmas sweater, take the time to look at materials and understand if and how you can deal with them in the most planet-friendly way. Reusing old wrapping paper or purchasing recyclable paper is highly recommended.
A. One gift can mean 1,000
B. Consider cutting out gifts and cards
C. As there are so many materials to choose from
D. They’re made to last, complete with a 10-year guarantee
E. While many of us know single-use plastic can’t be recycled
F. So you’d better try to focus on quality, not quantity, when shopping for gifts
G. Thankfully, we’re on hand to share some tips to lower your impact this Christmas
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了圣诞节的礼物包装对环境造成的影响，并提出了一些环保的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“The UK typically produces an additional 30% of rubbish throughout the festive period compared to the rest of the year, as Britons collectively send over 100 million bags of rubbish to landfills every Christmas. (与一年中其他时间相比，英国在节日期间通常会产生额外30%的垃圾，因为英国人每年圣诞节都会向垃圾填埋场发送超过1亿袋垃圾。)”说明圣诞节产生的垃圾会对环境造成影响，选项G“值得庆幸的是，我们已经准备好分享一些建议，让你在这个圣诞节减少影响”承接上文，引出主题，为减轻圣诞节造成的影响，文章将给予一些建议。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“In addition, of all the purchases made for Christmas, only 1% will remain in use six months down the line. (此外，在所有为圣诞节购买的商品中，只有1%会在六个月后继续使用。)”说明圣诞节购买的商品质量很差，不耐用，选项F“所以你在买礼物的时候最好注重质量，而不是数量。”承接上文，和上文是因果关系，所以购买礼物要注重质量。故选F项。
【18题详解】
下文“When you buy an Ocean Bottle, you fund the collection of one thousand ocean-bound plastic bottles before they enter the ocean. (当你买了一个海洋瓶，你就资助了1000个海洋塑料瓶的收集，然后它们才进入海洋。)”说明买一个海洋瓶就相当于资助了1000个海洋塑料瓶的收集，选项A“一份礼物可能意味着1000份”符合本段主题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
下文“So, you can rest assured that they won’t end up in the landfill before next Christmas! (所以，你可以放心，它们不会在明年圣诞节前被扔进垃圾填埋场！)”说明这种产品耐用，不会很快被丢弃，选项D“它们经久耐用，保修10年”引领下文，和下文存在因果关系。故选D项。
【20题详解】
上文“You need to know the materials. (你需要了解材料。)”说明要了解所买产品的材料，选项E “虽然我们很多人都知道一次性塑料是不能回收的”承接上文，谈到很多人知道一次性塑料这种材料不能回收，引出下文“it can be easy to forget about other things like wrapping paper or our clothing (我们很容易忘记其他的东西，比如包装纸或衣服。)”转折语义，但是人们还是使用一次性塑料，而忘记其他更环保的东西。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had to leave school at a young age because of my poor family. I decided to go back to college to ___21___ my dream at 42. Could I balance the ___22___ as a student, mom and wife I managed to ___23___ enough money for my first semester though our budget was ___24___. But I had no idea how I would pay for anything beyond that. With a step of faith, I ___25___.
Studying with kids half my age, I had to ___26___ myself to learn new things. After the initial first weeks passed, however, a balance was ___27___ between my studying and living.
How to make ends meet at home was still my ___28___. But one day, a professor mentioned that grant money (助学金) was ___29___ to students like me. So I began the application process. ___30___, I received a call from my professor telling me that I was selected weeks later. I’d have to ___31___ some volunteer hours as required by the grant program, but the remainder of my college expenses would be ___32___. I hung up the phone with teary eyes. I couldn’t believe my dream was becoming a ___33___.
For another two years. I continued taking summer sessions. For the next eighteen years, I taught in a primary school. I told students my ___34___ of how I achieved my dream all my life.
If you’re working on something that you really care about, you don’t have to be ___35___. The dream pulls you.
21.
A. transform B. pursue C. acknowledge D. confirm
22.
A. roles B. models C. conflicts D. stresses
23.
A. donate B. win C. lend D. spare
24.
A. unlimited B. sufficient C. tight D. balanced
25.
A. stepped forward B. took off C. stayed up D. moved around
26.
A. behave B. amuse C. prove D. challenge
27.
A. disturbed B. restored C. achieved D. shifted
28.
A. relief B. concern C. curiosity D. resolution
29.
A. unique B. available C. related D. familiar
30.
A. Luckily B. Naturally C. Accidentally D. Undoubtedly
31.
A. manage B. skip C. invest D. record
32.
A. updated B. charged C. registered D. covered
33.
A. fantasy B. reality C. secret D. belief
34.
A. story B. adventure C. discovery D. theory
35.
A motivated B. recognized C. pushed D. exposed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候因家境贫穷，不得不提早辍学，在她42岁时，她决定重返大学校园，追求自己的梦想，并克服了一系列困难，顺利完成学业，并成为一名小学教师，实现了自己的梦想的一段经历，鼓励人们去追求自己的梦想。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：42岁的时候，我决定回到大学去追求我的梦想。A. transform转变；B. pursue追求；C. acknowledge承认、认可；D. confirm确定。根据倒数第三段“I couldn’t believe my dream was becoming a 　13　.”（我不敢相信我的梦想变成了现实。）和倒数第二段“I told students my 　14　 of how I achieved my dream all my life.”（我给学生们讲了我一生如何实现梦想的故事。）及文章内容可知，作者在中年时期回到大学学习，是为了追求梦想的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能平衡好学生、母亲和妻子的角色吗？A. roles角色；B. models模范、样例；C. conflicts冲突；D. stresses压力。根据句中“a student, mom and wife”可知，这三种都是作者当前的身份和角色，所以回到大学上学，是需要平衡这三种角色的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们的预算很紧，但我还是设法存够了第一学期的钱。A. donate捐赠；B. win赢得；C. lend借给；D. spare节约、拿出。根据下一句“But I had no idea how I would pay for anything beyond that.”（但我不知道我该如何支付除此之外的费用。）可知，作者资金不足，所以预算应该是很紧的；由句中“though”可知，尽管预算紧张，但是作者应该还是拿出了足够的钱来支付第一学期的费用。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们的预算很紧，但我还是设法存够了第一学期的钱。A. unlimited无限的；B. sufficient充分的；C. tight紧的、拮据的；D. balanced平衡的。根据下一句“But I had no idea how I would pay for anything beyond that.”（但我不知道我该如何支付除此之外的费用。）可知，作者资金不足，所以预算应该是很紧的。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：怀着信心，我向前迈了一步。A. stepped forward前进；B. took off起飞；C. stayed up熬夜；D. moved around走来走去。根据前文“I managed to 　3　 enough money for my first semester”（我还是设法存够了第一学期的钱）和下文的“Studying with kids half my age,”（和年龄只有我一半的孩子一起学习）可知，作者已经有了第一学期的费用，并且开始了学期，可见她开始向着自己的梦想前进了。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和年龄只有我一半的孩子一起学习，我必须挑战自己，学习新的东西。A. behave表现；behave oneself表现得体、守规矩；B. amuse使发笑、逗乐；C. prove证明；D. challenge挑战。根据句中“Studying with kids half my age”可知，作者已经42岁了，和只有20岁左右的年轻人一起学习，无论是脑力还是体力，都是富有挑战性的，所以她要想学习新知识，就必须挑战自我。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在最初的几个星期过去后，我的学习和生活之间的平衡被打乱了。A. disturbed打扰、弄乱；B. restored恢复；C. achieved实现；D. shifted切换、轮班。根据下文“How to make ends meet at home was still my 　8　.”（如何维持家里的收支平衡仍然是我担忧的问题。）可知，作者要想在大学学习，就需要平衡好生活和学习之间的关系，但是因为作者上学无法工作，失去了收入来源，家里就出现了收支不平衡的问题，这也就扰乱了她的学习和生活之间的平衡。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何维持家里的收支平衡仍然是我担忧的问题。A. relief宽慰、轻松；B. concern关心、担忧；C. curiosity好奇心；D. resolution解决办法。根据前文“But I had no idea how I would pay for anything beyond that.”（但我不知道我该如何支付除此之外的费用。）可知，作者经济上很困难，重返大学学习使她失去了收入来源，所以她为自己第一学期之外的费用而担忧，如何维持家里的收支平衡自然也是她担忧的问题。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，一位教授提到像我这样的学生可以获得助学金。A. unique独特的；B. available可用的；be available to可被……利用或得到的；C. related有联系的；D. familiar熟悉的；be familiar to为……所熟悉。根据下文的“So I began the application process.”（于是我开始了申请流程。）可知，作者开始申请助学金，说明它是可以被她这样的学生得到并使用的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，几周后我接到了教授的电话，告诉我我被选中了。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Accidentally意外地；D. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地。根据句中“I was selected”和常识可知，想要获得助学金，需要申请并接受审核及筛选，作者能够被选中而获得助学金，是非常幸运的。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须按照资助计划的要求投入一些志愿者时间，我大学的其余费用将得到支付。A. manage管理；B. skip跳过、不参加；C. invest投入、投资；D. record记录。根据句中“as required by the grant program”及常识可知，大学中的助学金项目主要是针对家庭经济条件不好的同学设立的，一般是要求学生做一些工作来抵消大学的一部分费用，所以这里项目应该是要求学生投入一些时间来做志愿者工作。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须按照资助计划的要求投入一些志愿者时间，我大学的其余费用将得到支付。A. updated更新；B. charged收费；C. registered登记、注册；D. covered覆盖、包括、支付。根据句中“I’d have to 　11　 some volunteer hours as required by the grant program,”和常识可知，大学中的助学金项目主要是针对家庭经济条件不好的同学设立的，一般是要求学生做一些工作来抵消大学的一部分费用，所以这里项目应该是要求作者投入一些时间来做志愿者工作，从而抵消她大学的其余费用，即作者大学的其余费用就被包括在志愿者工作中了。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信我的梦想变成了现实。A. fantasy幻想、想象；B. reality现实；C. secret秘密；D. belief信任。根据下文“I told students my 　14　 of how I achieved my dream all my life.”（我给学生们讲了我一生如何实现梦想的故事。）可知，作者最终实现了梦想，梦想变成了现实。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给学生们讲了我一生如何实现梦想的故事。A. story故事；B. adventure冒险、奇遇；C. discovery发现；D. theory理论。根据句中“how I achieved my dream all my life.”可知，作者给学生讲述的是自己一生如何实现梦想的过程和故事。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在做你真正关心的事情，你就不需要被强迫。A. motivated激励；B. recognized承认、认可；C. pushed推动、强迫；D. exposed暴露、揭发。根据下文“The dream pulls you.”（梦想拉着你。）中的“pull”和本句句意及常识可知，一个人如果在做自己真正在意和喜欢的事，也就是在追求自己的梦想，就会被梦想引领着、主动地去做任何事，而不会被强迫。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the announcement by the United Nations World Tourism Organization in October, four Chinese villages ___36___ (name) Best Tourism Village of 2023. China now has eight villages on the list, more than any other countries in the world.
Huangling village in Jiangxi province is noted for its ___37___ (amaze) natural scenery, traditional architecture and the ___38___ (preserve) of ancient customs. Its architectural features provide people with a chance to explore China’s rich history and cultural heritage.
Zhagana village is located ___39___ a height of 3,000 to 3,300 meters above sea level and is surrounded by mountains, with the highest peak ___40___ (reach) 4,500 meters. It used to be a closed mountainous village, but now it has changed to a scenic spot ___41___ visitors can enjoy a slow and leisurely life.
Xiajiang village, located in East China’s Zhejiang province, is famous for its unique natural beauty ___42___ a great cultural heritage that spans (贯穿) from traditional folk culture to historical “red culture”.
Zhujiawan village, situated in Zhashui county, Shangluo city, ___43___ (cover) an area of 126 square kilometers and has over 1,200 species of diverse animals and plant resources. ___44___ (additional), it is home to 17 tangible (有形的) cultural sites, such as ancient Qinling Mountain houses, time-worn roads and the historic Xiaoyi Hall site. During this ____45____ (year) travel peak season, over 15,000 tourists flock to Zhujiawan village daily.
【答案】36. were named
37. amazing
38. preservation
39. at 40. reaching
41. where 42. and
43. covers 44. Additionally
45. year’s
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在联合国世界旅游组织10月发布的公告中，四个中国村庄被评为2023年最佳旅游村。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在联合国世界旅游组织10月发布的公告中，四个中国村庄被评为2023年最佳旅游村。此处为谓语，动词name和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in October可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数，主谓一致，故填were named。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：江西省黄陵村以其迷人的自然风光、传统建筑和对古代风俗的保存而闻名。根据后文名词natural scenery可知，此处应用其以ing结尾的形容词作定语修饰事物。故填amazing。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。定冠词the后应用其名词preservation(不可数)和前文名词词组并列作宾语。故填preservation。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：扎加纳村位于海拔3000至3300米的地方，四面环山，最高峰达到4500米。at a height of是固定搭配。故填at。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。介词with后接复合宾语，动词reach和宾语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作宾语补足语。故填reaching。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它曾经是一个封闭的山村，但现在它已经变成了一个景点，游客可以享受缓慢而悠闲的生活。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a scenic spot，从句结构完整，应用关系副词where引导从句，作地点状语。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：下江村位于中国东部浙江省，以其独特的自然美景和从传统民俗文化到历史“红色文化”的伟大文化遗产而闻名。后文a great cultural heritage和前文its unique natural beauty之间是并列关系，并列作宾语。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：朱家湾村位于商洛市扎水县，占地126平方公里，拥有1200多种动植物资源。分析可知，此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语Zhujiawan village为单数，主谓一致，故填covers。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，它还拥有17个有形文化遗址，如古老的秦岭房屋、古老的道路和历史悠久的孝义堂遗址。修饰整句，应用副词。句首字母大写，故填Additionally。
【45题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：在今年的旅游旺季，每天有超过15000名游客涌向朱家湾村。根据句意可知。此处时间名词year应用名词所有格，表示“今年的”。故填year’s。
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 11月21日是“世界问候日(World Hello Day)”，你校将在这一天举办“学礼，从你我做起”的主题活动。假定你是李华，请给你的留学生朋友Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加， 内容包括：
1. 活动简介；
2, 发出邀请。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
November 21st is World Hello Day, and our school will hold a themed event called “Learning Ceremony, Starting from You and Me” on this day.
In the activity, we will invite several teachers who have this professional knowledge to give us speeches on the ceremony related to greetings. Then we students will be organized to participate in an interaction about greetings. Finally, there will be some student representatives sharing their thoughts and experiences.
I am writing to invite you to our activity. You are welcome to come.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加校将在这一天举办“学礼，从你我做起”的主题活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请：invite→ask
演讲：speech→lecture
参加：participate in→take part in
最后：finally→at last
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：In the activity, we will invite several teachers who have this professional knowledge to give us speeches on the ceremony related to greetings.
拓展句：In the activity, we will invite several teachers with this professional knowledge to give us speeches on the ceremony related to greetings.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In the activity, we will invite several teachers who have this professional knowledge to give us speeches on the ceremony related to greetings. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Finally, there will be some student representatives sharing their thoughts and experiences. (运用了非谓语动词现在分词作后置定语)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometimes, a kind word from a stranger during a stressful moment can mean the world to someone. My daughter Rachel had severe ADHD (多动症) as a child and the most embarrassing and trying moments were when we were out in public. I would try to quickly get my shopping done while trying my level best to avoid a meltdown when she was begging me for a toy or candy bar.
My daughter has grown into a wonderful young woman now. Most people who hear my stories of her struggles growing up don’t believe me when they meet her. This is a proof of the saying, “It gets better,” because it really does. Those old memories of her extreme anger feel not-so-distant when I encounter a child’s mirror-image behavior in a store. More often than not, I continue shopping, never stopping to offer any kind of assistance or words of encouragement to the parent. Until recently.
Last week, I was shopping in our local market. My daughter happened to be with me. As we were choosing what she needed, we heard the start of a child’s meltdown that would last more than fifteen minutes. I decided to walk over to investigate the situation, already picturing the scene in my mind. No doubt, the cries of the young boy could be heard clear across the store.
My daughter came up to me and said, “Mom! Is that what I sounded like when I was little ”
“Yes, Rachel, you sounded just like that,” I replied.
Several more minutes went by and the boy just wouldn’t stop. I arrived at the aisle (过道) to find a twenty-something mother standing in the middle of the aisle calmly telling the boy, “No.” She was not going to get whatever the boy so desperately wanted. I knew she was doing an excellent job of ignoring his behavior while trying to remain calm during this trying situation. Her eyes said everything that I had ever felt in those moments. I’m sure she would also pass this tough time in the end because “It gets better.” She needed some encouragement at this moment and I happened to have the same experience, so I decided to share my story.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I walked over to the mom.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I knew she was grateful for the kind words of a stranger.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I walked over to the mom. I smiled at her and calmly said to her, “You did the right thing. It gets better.” She looked at me, with a slightly relaxed expression. Strangely, the boy’s attention immediately shifted to me and stopped crying for what he so desperately wanted. Then I changed the topic with the mother, and I quickly praised her boy for being handsome. The boy quietly looked at us and listened to our conversation.
I knew she was grateful for the kind words of a stranger. I also felt relieved by the harmonious scene in front of me. My daughter also walked over with a smile on her face. I pointed to my daughter and said to the mother, “This is my excellent daughter. Ha-ha! She used to be like your boy when she was young! She always liked to create awkward and uncomfortable scenes for me when we were out in public.” My words made the mother laugh. Although the boy didn’t seem to understand our conversation, he also laughed happily with us all!
【解析】
【导语】本文以一句友善的话为线索展开，讲述了作者在商店遇到一个对着妈妈哭闹很久的小男孩，想起自己女儿小时候也曾因为严重的注意力缺陷多动症，让自己在公共场合造成尴尬的场景，所以去向那个处于困境的妈妈表达友善的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我走到那位妈妈身边。”可知，第一段可描写作者对那位妈妈表达友善，缓解尴尬场面。
②由第二段首句内容“我知道她很感激陌生人的友好话语。”可知，第二段可描写作者继续和那位妈妈及男孩互动让气氛欢乐起来。
2.续写线索：表达说——停止哭闹——安静——感谢——和谐快乐——大笑
3.词汇激活
行为类
①给她说：say to her/tell her
②停止：stop/quit
③制造：create/make
情绪类
①放松的：relaxed/eased
②快乐地：happily/merrily
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Strangely, the boy’s attention immediately shifted to me and stopped crying for what he so desperately wanted. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Although the boy didn’t seem to understand our conversation, he also laughed happily with us all (应用了although引导的让步状语从句)