2023-2024广东省中山市重点中学高一上学期第二次段考英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版）

中山市华侨中学2026届高一上第二次段考英语科试题
(本试卷卷面总分120分，考后折算成150分)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Join the discussion ……
LakeLander — 2 hours ago
Today, a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading, making many passengers upset. I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train, I have never had the courage to do it, though.
Pak50 — 57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument. The late musician Dennis Brian is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio. When his request was refused, he took out his French horn(号) and started to practice.
Angie O’Edema — 24 minutes ago
I don’t see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public. Don’t do to others what you wouldn’t like to be done to yourself. Once, a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone. I left my seat quietly, giving him some privacy to finish his conversation. He realized this and apologized to me. When his phone rang again later, he left his seat to answer it. You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.
Taodas — 19 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train, and it turned out well. The guy took it in good part, and we chatted happily all the way to Edinbergh.
Sophie 76 — 8 minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train, but, several years ago, I read some chapters from Harry Porter to my bored and noisy children. Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.
1. Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train
A. Pak50. B. Angie O’Edema. C. Taodas. D. Sophie76.
2. What is the discussion mainly about
A. How to react to bad behavior. B. How to kill time on a train.
C. How to chat with strangers. D. How to make a phone call.
3. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A webpage. B. A newspaper. C. A novel. D. A report.
B
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“I see you’ve got a bit of water on your coat,” said the man at the petrol station. “Is it raining out there ”“No, it’s pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit me earlier.”
As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I’d jumped in ahead of him.
The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite sighs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移).
The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stooped from feeding on their mother’s milk, and those who’ve gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.
Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few mils west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. “Hello!” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor’s Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again.
Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially-troubled elements.
4. Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies
A. To protect the tourists from being bitten
B. To keep the ponies off the petrol station
C. To avoid putting the ponies in danger
D. To prevent the ponies from fighting
5. One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ______________.
A. to feed baby ponies on milk
B. to control the number of ponies
C. to expand the habitat for ponies
D. to sell the ponies at a good price
6. What as the author’s first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back
A. He freed it from the trap
B. He called a protection officer
C. He worried about it very much
D. He thought of it as being naughty
7. What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor’s ponies
A It lacks people’s involvement.
B. It costs a large amount of money
C. It will affect tourism in Dartmoor.
D. It has caused an imbalance of species
C
It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators(评论员) fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.
Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that” To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, “because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena(现象).” The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs ,which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”, In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.
8. The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that________.
A. most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson
B. Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation
C. the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D. English conversations usually start with the weather
9. What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to
A. A social trend. B. An emotional state.
C. A historical concept. D. An unknown phenomenon.
10. According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that________.
A. Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B. there is nothing special about the English weather
C. the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D. English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty
11. What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage
A. To explain what English weather-speak is about.
B. To analyze misconceptions about the English weather.
C. To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D. To convince people that the English weather is changeable.
D
Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation
UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their cooperation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.
Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all. Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest “We didn’t take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.
12. The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees ________.
A. compete for survival B. protect their own wealth
C. depend on each other D. provide support for dying trees
13. “Mother trees” are extremely important because they ________.
A. look the largest in size in the forest
B. pass on nutrition to young trees
C. seem more likely to be cut down by humans
D. know more about the complex “tree societies”
14. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. how “tree societies” work B. how trees grow old
C. how forestry industry develops D. how young trees survive
15 What would be the best title for the passage
A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans
B. Young Trees are In Need Of Protection
C. Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think
D. Trees Contribute To Our Society
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams.
___16___ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
Protect against UV rays .
Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. ____17____ Give your eyes a break.
Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. ____18____ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
____19____.
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.
Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. ____20____
Otherwise: you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses (老茧) and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a farmer, including all his struggles.
One summer, I remember, a drought (旱灾) hit Ontario, turning it into a ____21____ desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last ____22____ from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which ____23____ took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn’t ____24____ quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we still needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and ____25____. Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves.” Dad ____26____ , “Just think; my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re ____27____.” Such is Dad — whatever problem he ____28____, he never gives up.
____29____, the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county. It was a challenging time for everyone, but Dad remained optimistic. He _____30_____ to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates. Only then did I truly begin to _____31_____ Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
Dad is also a living example of real _____32_____ . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to _____33_____ our family. He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games despite his exhaustion after long days. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and _____34_____ putting others first.
Dad, the life _____35_____ I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.
21.
A. stormy B. lively C. disappearing D. burning
22.
A. order B. form C. gap D. position
23.
A. repeatedly B. normally C. finally D. really
24.
A. go B. begin C. occur D. change
25.
A. surprised B. nervous C. angry D. frightened
26.
A. apologized B. cried C. complained D. laughed
27.
A lost B. done C. gone D. touched
28.
A. meets with B. brings up C. works out D. thinks about
29.
A. Thankfully B. Hopefully C. Unfortunately D. Strangely
30.
A. happened B. seemed C. continued D. aimed
31.
A. face B. appreciate C. examine D. question
32.
A. love B. pride C. friendship D. honesty
33.
A. impress B. settle C. start D. support
34
A. careful B. regretful C. considerate D. humorous
35.
A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each year, thousands of people come to Shaanxi, China, to visit the Terracotta Army, ____36____ shows the life of Qinshihuang, the country’s first emperor.
As one of the most famous tourist sights in the world, the Terracotta Army is a form of funerary (葬礼的) art ____37____ (bury) with the First Emperor in 210 to 209 BC. It was designed ____38____ (protect) the emperor in his afterlife.
Since their ____39____ (discover), experts have questioned whether the life-size models of soldiers ____40____ (base) on real warriors or whether they came off a production line.
In October a BBC documentary (纪录片) the Greatest Tomb on Earth: Secrets of Ancient China, suggested the inspiration (灵感) for the Terracotta Warriors may have come ____41____ Ancient Greece, about which Archaeologist Li Xiuzhen said, “We now have ____42____ (evident) that close contact did exist between the First Emperor’s China and the West.”
On the 41st International Museum Day, it was ____43____ (official) announced that new technology has just made ____44____ possible for visitors to be guided. Thanks to an interactive 360-degree video, visitors can choose either to view the figures close-up ____45____ from a distance.
第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。
crashed trapped gap efforts picture-based observe promoted worthwhile regard snow-covered intend established beauty species throughout
46. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were ________ and to bury the dead.
47. With strong support from the government and the tireless ________ of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
48. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that ________ into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.
49. At the beginning written Chinese was a ________ language.
50. The high ________ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
51. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window” — our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the ________ between us.
52. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, which were a key stop along the Silk Road ________ China’s ancient history.
53. A committee was ________ to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
54. The government, however, does not ________ to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
55. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’m struck by their ________.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 写词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据所给语境，用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。
56. It ________ (strike) me that we might have made the wrong decision. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. With the government's aid, those ________(affect)by the earthquake have moved into the new houses. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. The fish can grow to a ________(long) of four feet. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. Experts said the chances of the ________ (survive) were very small at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. The hurricane (飓风) ________ (destroy) the whole village last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. In ________ (refer) to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. They are ________ (equal) important. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. A new ________ (vary) of rice is being developed now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64. These are the ________ (base) rules of playing basketball. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65. I’ll wait for you at the ________ (enter) to the zoo tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. He refused to accept ________ (donate) money and decided to make money by himself. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. In four months, he put forward a ________ (propose) to set up China’s Aerospace Industry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
68. Our government has taken ________ (measure) to achieve our common goal. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69. He ________ (shoot) at the balloon but he didn’t shoot it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. I’m ________ (die) to know what happened because it was so strange. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二节 书面表达(满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华, 上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道, 内容包括:
1. 参加人员:
2. 跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下:
3. 活动反响。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Cross-Country Running Race
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________中山市华侨中学2026届高一上第二次段考英语科试题
(本试卷卷面总分120分，考后折算成150分)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Join the discussion ……
LakeLander — 2 hours ago
Today, a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading, making many passengers upset. I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train, I have never had the courage to do it, though.
Pak50 — 57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument. The late musician Dennis Brian is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio. When his request was refused, he took out his French horn(号) and started to practice.
Angie O’Edema — 24 minutes ago
I don’t see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public. Don’t do to others what you wouldn’t like to be done to yourself. Once, a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone. I left my seat quietly, giving him some privacy to finish his conversation. He realized this and apologized to me. When his phone rang again later, he left his seat to answer it. You see, a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.
Taodas — 19 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train, and it turned out well. The guy took it in good part, and we chatted happily all the way to Edinbergh.
Sophie 76 — 8 minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train, but, several years ago, I read some chapters from Harry Porter to my bored and noisy children. Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.
1. Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train
A. Pak50. B. Angie O’Edema. C. Taodas. D. Sophie76.
2. What is the discussion mainly about
A. How to react to bad behavior. B. How to kill time on a train.
C. How to chat with strangers. D. How to make a phone call.
3. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A webpage. B. A newspaper. C. A novel. D. A report.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要为一些网友在网上讨论自己在火车上遇到过的不良行为，以及他们的应对办法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中I did read my newspaper out loud on a train, and it turned out well.可知我确实在火车上大声读了我的报纸，结果还不错。由此可知，Taodas曾经在火车上大声读报纸。故选C。
【2题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知主要为一些网友讨论自己在火车上遇到过的不良行为，以及他们各自的应对方法。由此可知，讨论的主要内容是如何应对不良行为。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据各个段落标题LakeLander — 2 hours ago；Pak50 — 57 minutes ago；Angie O’Edema — 24 minutes ago；Taodas — 19 minutes ago；Sophie 76 — 8 minutes ago可知讨论都是实时发布的，且发言者都是使用的网名，而不是真实名字，对比选项可推知，这篇文章最有可能从网页上截取。故选A。
B
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“I see you’ve got a bit of water on your coat,” said the man at the petrol station. “Is it raining out there ”“No, it’s pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit me earlier.”
As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I’d jumped in ahead of him.
The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite sighs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移).
The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stooped from feeding on their mother’s milk, and those who’ve gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.
Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few mils west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. “Hello!” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor’s Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again.
Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially-troubled elements.
4. Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies
A. To protect the tourists from being bitten
B. To keep the ponies off the petrol station
C. To avoid putting the ponies in danger
D. To prevent the ponies from fighting
5. One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ______________.
A. to feed baby ponies on milk
B. to control the number of ponies
C. to expand the habitat for ponies
D. to sell the ponies at a good price
6. What as the author’s first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back
A. He freed it from the trap
B. He called a protection officer
C. He worried about it very much
D. He thought of it as being naughty
7. What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor’s ponies
A. It lacks people’s involvement.
B. It costs a large amount of money
C. It will affect tourism in Dartmoor.
D. It has caused an imbalance of species
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了作者在Haytor关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段尾句By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移)可知，游客喂养小马，增加了它们被汽车撞倒的风险，使它们更难在该地区每年的小马迁徙中聚集在一起。所以不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险中。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段内容“The purpose of a pony drift is to …Some of them are also…, in order to limit the number of ponies…”可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun.可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，在滚着玩。所以当作者看到一匹小马在背上打滚时，他的第一反应是他认为小马很淘气。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially-troubled elements.可知，多人都在努力保护这些小马，并且试图为达特穆尔，财政最困难的地区之一，找到一个可持续发展的未来。所以判断出保护马达特穆尔矮种马是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。
C
It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators(评论员) fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.
Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that” To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, “because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena(现象).” The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs ,which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”, In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.
8. The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that________.
A. most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson
B. Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation
C. the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D. English conversations usually start with the weather
9. What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to
A. A social trend. B. An emotional state.
C. A historical concept. D. An unknown phenomenon.
10. According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that________.
A. Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B. there is nothing special about the English weather
C. the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D. English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty
11. What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage
A To explain what English weather-speak is about.
B. To analyze misconceptions about the English weather.
C. To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D. To convince people that the English weather is changeable.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇议论文。由于英格兰的天气是多变的，所以英国人谈论天气被认为是见面或者搭讪的合理开场白是再熟悉不过的了，本文就此从不同的角度进行了解释。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。本文第一句话就给出了答案，作者提到Dr.Johnson的评论旨在说明英国人见面总是以谈论天气开始，故答案为D项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句话“……那些不常见、难以预料的天气在不列颠群岛几乎是不被人知道的”可知，英国的天气根本不令人兴奋，随之而来的一种情绪也是几乎不能被理解的。obsession可以理解成是一种谈论天气的“强迫症”，故它是一种情绪的状态，所以答案为B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Jeremy所说的话可知，他反驳Bryson的观点，他认为英格兰的天气是多变而又不确定的，这吸引着英国人和外来者，所以答案为D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的介绍和最后一段的总结可知，本文主要是解析英国人的weather speak到底是关于什么的。所以答案为A项。B、C两项陈述有误，D项“使人们信服英国的天气是多变的”不是文章的主要谈论内容。
D
Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation
UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their cooperation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.
Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all. Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest “We didn’t take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.
12. The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees ________.
A. compete for survival B. protect their own wealth
C. depend on each other D. provide support for dying trees
13. “Mother trees” are extremely important because they ________.
A. look the largest in size in the forest
B. pass on nutrition to young trees
C. seem more likely to be cut down by humans
D. know more about the complex “tree societies”
14. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. how “tree societies” work B. how trees grow old
C. how forestry industry develops D. how young trees survive
15. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans
B. Young Trees are In Need Of Protection
C. Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think
D. Trees Contribute To Our Society
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了森立的树木会通过“tree societies”把自己的财富交给下一代。并详细说明了这一发现的具体内容。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“Although Charles Darwin thought that trees arc competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: ”（虽然达尔文认为树是相互竞争以获得生存。但是Simard的实验发现达尔文是错误的。实际上：与达尔文的理论相反的观点是正确的。）也就是说树不是竞争生存，而是考相互合作，相互依靠生存下来的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend.”（Simard谈到母树，通常是所有其他树木所依赖的最大和最古老的植物。）可知“mother trees”通常都是其他的树依赖的大树，它承担这向小树输送养料的作用。ACD三项都是片面的理解。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest. “We didn’t take any notice of it.”（当人类在没有意识到这些高度复杂的树木社会或它们赖以生存的网络的情况下砍伐母树时，我们正在减少整个森林的生存机会。我们没有注意到它。）当人们意识不到这种复杂的“tree societies”情况下砍倒了mother trees，我们就减少了整个森林幸存的机会。最后一段第一句中的it就是指complex “tree societies”。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation ”（如果你知道树和动物一样会互相交流，并把它们的财富传给下一代，你会感到惊讶吗）可知树和动物一样，能够把自己的财富交个下一代。这比人们原来的看法完全不一样，树比我们认为地更聪明。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams.
___16___ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
Protect against UV rays .
Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. ____17____ Give your eyes a break.
Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. ____18____ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
____19____.
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.
Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. ____20____
Otherwise: you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过给出五个建议，描述如何拥有健康的视力。
【16题详解】
由空格处后句子Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.可知，专家建议父母们应在孩子6到12月时就应带他们去医生那里做一个仔细的检查。选项B：眼睛护理应开始于早期。前后句呼应，故选B项。
【17题详解】
空格上一句No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses.提到，无论什么季节，戴太阳镜都很重要。选项C：他们可以适当保护你的眼睛。they指代太阳镜，前后呼应，故选C项。
【18题详解】
空格上一句Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.提到，三分之二的美国人每天花费七个小时使用电脑或是电子产品。选项G：这些频繁的用眼活动增加了眼睛疲劳的风险。前后呼应，故选G项。
【19题详解】
由空格处下一段As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.可知，保护视力要多吃蔬菜和水果，里面的维生素对眼睛有好处。与选项A：吃青菜，前后内容呼应，故选A项。
【20题详解】
空格前面的内容提到，美国人戴隐形眼镜来提高视力，空格后面Otherwise: you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.否则，你可能会有红眼病，眼痛或是更多严重的眼睛问题。选项F：为了佩戴舒适，要遵从医生的建议，使空格前后内容衔接自然，故选F项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses (老茧) and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a farmer, including all his struggles.
One summer, I remember, a drought (旱灾) hit Ontario, turning it into a ____21____ desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last ____22____ from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which ____23____ took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn’t ____24____ quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we still needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and ____25____. Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves.” Dad ____26____ , “Just think; my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re ____27____.” Such is Dad — whatever problem he ____28____, he never gives up.
____29____, the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county. It was a challenging time for everyone, but Dad remained optimistic. He _____30_____ to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates. Only then did I truly begin to _____31_____ Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
Dad is also a living example of real _____32_____ . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to _____33_____ our family. He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games despite his exhaustion after long days. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and _____34_____ putting others first.
Dad, the life _____35_____ I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.
21.
A. stormy B. lively C. disappearing D. burning
22.
A. order B. form C. gap D. position
23.
A. repeatedly B. normally C. finally D. really
24.
A. go B. begin C. occur D. change
25.
A. surprised B. nervous C. angry D. frightened
26.
A. apologized B. cried C. complained D. laughed
27.
A. lost B. done C. gone D. touched
28.
A. meets with B. brings up C. works out D. thinks about
29.
A. Thankfully B. Hopefully C. Unfortunately D. Strangely
30.
A. happened B. seemed C. continued D. aimed
31.
A. face B. appreciate C. examine D. question
32.
A. love B. pride C. friendship D. honesty
33.
A. impress B. settle C. start D. support
34.
A. careful B. regretful C. considerate D. humorous
35.
A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲是一个农民，他们在经历旱灾的困难时一起采摘玉米，并且父亲的勤劳和无私的精神使作者受到了启发。文章表达了作者对父亲的敬爱和感激之情。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得一个夏天，一场干旱袭击了安大略省，把它变成了一个炙热的沙漠。A. stormy风暴的；B. lively活泼的；C. disappearing消失的；D. burning燃烧的、炙热的。根据下文“On one of those hot mornings(在其中一个炎热的早晨)”可推知，一场干旱将安大略省变成了一个沙漠，沙漠当然是炙热的，故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在其中一个炎热的早晨，我和父亲正在摘甜玉米来完成杂货店最后的订单。A. order订单； B. form表格；C. gap缺口；D. position位置。根据后文“from the grocery store.”和后文“If the store wants its last twenty dozen...(如果商店想要最后二十打)”可推知他们是在准备商店的订单。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们只需要五十打，通常需要二十分钟。A. repeatedly反复地；B. normally通常地；C. finally最后；D. really实际上。根据后文“That morning, however, the process didn’t ____4____ quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field,”可推知，这一过程并不是那么快，花了40分钟，可知20分钟是通常地情况下。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，那天早上，这个过程并不是很快。A. go进行；B. begin开始；C. occur发生；D. change改变。由原文“however”转折可推知，这个过程并没有进行的很快，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全沮丧和愤怒。A. surprised感到吃惊的；B. nervous紧张的；C. angry生气的，愤怒的；D. frightened感到害怕的。由下文“Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves” (我重重地放下篮子，宣布：“如果商店想要最后二十打，他们可以自己挑选！”)”可知作者重重地扔下篮子，是生气了，故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了，“想想吧，我的小女孩，我们每个人只剩下10打了，然后我们就完成了。”A. apologized道歉；B. cried哭泣；C. complained抱怨；D. laughed笑。根据下文“Such is Dad — whatever problem he ____8____ , he never gives up.”可知父亲从来不放弃，可推知，父亲是乐观的，当时见作者生气也是笑着对她说话，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了，“想想吧，我的小女孩，我们每个人只剩下10打了，然后我们就完成了。” A. lost迷路的；B. done完成的；C. gone过去的；D. touched受感动的。由上文“Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us”可知，作者和父亲每人还剩下10打就完成采摘工作了，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是父亲——不论遇到什么问题，他从不放弃。A. meets with遇到、碰见；B. brings up养育，提出；C. works out计算出；D. thinks about考虑。根据后文“he never gives up”可知他无论遇到什么问题，从不放弃。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很不幸，全国都受到了旱灾的灾难性影响。A. Thankfully高兴地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Strangely奇怪地。由下文“the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county”可知，全国严重受干旱影响是不幸的，故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续感激其他的事情，比如我们的健康和盘子里的食物。A. happened发生；B. seemed似乎；C. continued继续；D. aimed打算。由上文“Dad remained optimistic”可知，全国都受灾，但是父亲仍保持乐观，可推知他继续感激着其他事情，继续保持积极乐观的生活态度，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我才真正开始感激父亲和他的信仰，这指引我们度过艰难时期。A. face面对；B. appreciate感激；C. examine检查；D. question质疑。由下文“Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times”可知，父亲和他的信仰指引他们度过艰难时期，可知作者是感激父亲的。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲也是真爱的一个活生生的例子。A. love爱；B. pride自豪；C. friendship友谊；D. honesty诚实。结合下文“From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to ____13____ our family. He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games despite his exhaustion after long days.”可知，父亲养家，鼓励家人，可知此处呼应下文“His loving”说明父亲对于生活是抱有积极的态度，是可以付出真爱的，此处填love比较符合题意，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从黎明到黄昏，工作无数个小时来供养我们的家庭。A. impress给……留下印象；B. settle定居；C. start开始；D. support支持、供养。由上文“From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours”可知，父亲是为了供养作者一家人而工作很长时间，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他充满爱心和无私的天性激励我，使我变得更有同情心和体贴，把别人放在第一位。A. careful细心的；B. regretful遗憾的，后悔的；C. considerate体贴的，考虑周全的；D. humorous幽默的。呼应上文“inspired me to become more sympathetic”可知，在父亲的影响下，作者变得更有同情心，也对别人更体贴，本处选considerate符合题意，故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲，我从你身上学到的人生经验将永远伴随着我。A. history历史； B. motto座右铭；C. patterns模式；D. lessons经验、课。根据前文“His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and ____14____ putting others first.”可知，在父亲的影响下，作者变得更有同情心，也对别人更体贴，说明作者在父亲身上学到了人生经验并将伴随他一生。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each year, thousands of people come to Shaanxi, China, to visit the Terracotta Army, ____36____ shows the life of Qinshihuang, the country’s first emperor.
As one of the most famous tourist sights in the world, the Terracotta Army is a form of funerary (葬礼的) art ____37____ (bury) with the First Emperor in 210 to 209 BC. It was designed ____38____ (protect) the emperor in his afterlife.
Since their ____39____ (discover), experts have questioned whether the life-size models of soldiers ____40____ (base) on real warriors or whether they came off a production line.
In October a BBC documentary (纪录片) the Greatest Tomb on Earth: Secrets of Ancient China, suggested the inspiration (灵感) for the Terracotta Warriors may have come ____41____ Ancient Greece, about which Archaeologist Li Xiuzhen said, “We now have ____42____ (evident) that close contact did exist between the First Emperor’s China and the West.”
On the 41st International Museum Day, it was ____43____ (official) announced that new technology has just made ____44____ possible for visitors to be guided. Thanks to an interactive 360-degree video, visitors can choose either to view the figures close-up ____45____ from a distance.
【答案】36. which
37. buried 38. to protect
39. discovery
40. were based
41. from 42. evidence
43. officially
44. it 45. or
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国陕西的兵马俑，这是一种墓葬艺术，旨在保护秦始皇在来世的安全。自从被发现以来，专家们一直在质疑这些士兵的原型，此次BBC纪录片提出了这些兵马俑可能来自古希腊的灵感。在第41个国际博物馆日，官方宣布了新的技术让访客可以进行互动360度视频的体验，观众可以选择近距离或远距离查看人物的立体实景，从而更好地了解兵马俑。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：每年，成千上万的人来到中国陕西，参观兵马俑，它展示了该国第一位皇帝秦始皇的生活。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the Terracotta Army，为物，故使用which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为世界上最著名的旅游景点之一，兵马俑是一种陪葬艺术，于公元前210年至209年与秦始皇一起埋葬。句中is为谓语动词设空处使用非谓语动词。be buried with为固定短语，意为“被埋葬于”，句中art与bury之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填buried。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是用来保护皇帝死后的。句中be designed to do为固定短语，意为“被设计去做某事”。故填to protect。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：自从他们的发现以来，专家们一直质疑这些真人大小的士兵模型是根据真实的战士制作的，还是从生产线上下来的。句中their为形容词性物主代词，设空处应该使用discover的名词discovery作宾语。故填discovery。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作whether引导的宾语从句的谓语动词，根据后文的came以及句意可知，此处表示过去事实，同时the life-size models of soldiers与base之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were based。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：10月，英国广播公司的纪录片《地球上最大的坟墓:古代中国的秘密》暗示兵马俑的灵感可能来自古希腊，考古学家李秀珍说:“我们现在有证据表明，秦始皇的中国和西方之间确实存在密切的联系。”句中come from为固定短语，意为“来自”。故填from。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用evident的名词evidence作宾语，意为“证据”。故填evidence。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：在第41届国际博物馆日，官方宣布，新技术刚刚使游客被引导成为可能。分析句子，设空处使用official的副词officially作状语，修饰动词，意为“官方地”。故填officially。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：同上。句中make it+形容词+for sb to do为固定句型，该结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to do不定式结构，文中为to be guided。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：得益于360度互动视频，游客可以选择近距离观看或从远处观看这些人物。分析句子，句中either…or…为固定短语，意为“要么……要么……”。故填or。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给10个英语单句意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。
crashed trapped gap efforts picture-based observe promoted worthwhile regard snow-covered intend established beauty species throughout
46. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were ________ and to bury the dead.
47. With strong support from the government and the tireless ________ of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
48. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that ________ into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.
49. At the beginning, written Chinese was a ________ language.
50. The high ________ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
51. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window” — our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the ________ between us.
52. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, which were a key stop along the Silk Road ________ China’s ancient history.
53. A committee was ________ to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
54. The government, however, does not ________ to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
55. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’m struck by their ________.
【答案】46. trapped
47. efforts
48. crashed
49. picture-based
50. regard 51. gap
52. throughout
53. established
54. intend 55. beauty
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查语态。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。分析句子，设空处，表示“被困”用trapped。构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建立起来了。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据句意，表示“努力”用effort，此处表示复数意义。故填efforts。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸席卷了整个亚洲的海岸线，在印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家造成6500多人死亡。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据yesterday以及句意可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“闯入，席卷”用crash into。故填crashed。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：起初，书面语是一种以图画为基础的语言。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，根据句意，表示“以图画为基础的”用picture-based。故填picture-based。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：对中国书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展中看出，被称为中国书法，它已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。设空处使用名词作主语，根据句意，表示“关注”用regard。故填regard。
51题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果我和一个亲密的朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，比如“打开窗户”——我们的关系很亲密，我们是平等的，所以我只需要几句话来弥合我们之间的差距。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据句意，表示“弥补差距”用bridge the gap。故填gap。
【52题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们正在记录和收集莫高窟文物的数字图像，莫高窟是中国古代丝绸之路上的重要一站。根据句意，表示“贯穿于”用throughout。故填throughout。
【53题详解】
考查语态。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的损失。分析句子，设空处表示建立。根据句意，表示“被建立”用established。故填established。
【54题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为对藏羚羊的威胁还没有消失。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前does not构成一般现在时的否定结构。根据句意，表示“打算”用intend。故填intend。
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：看着它们在绿色的草地上慢慢移动，我被它们的美丽所打动。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据句意，表示“美丽”用beauty。故填beauty。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 写词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据所给语境，用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。
56. It ________ (strike) me that we might have made the wrong decision. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：我突然意识到我们可能做了错误的决定。分析句子可知，主句缺谓语，结合句意和从句谓语might have made“（过去）可能做出”可知，主句谓语用一般过去时。It strikes/struck sb. that…是固定句型，意为“某人突然想起……”。故填struck。
57. With the government's aid, those ________(affect)by the earthquake have moved into the new houses. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】affected
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人已经搬进了新房子。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词have moved，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰代词those；由空后“by the earthquake”可知，此处表示被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词affected作后置定语。故填affected。
58. The fish can grow to a ________(long) of four feet. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】length
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这种鱼可以长到四英尺长。由空前的“a”以及空后“of four feet”可知设空处应填名词，名词length“长，长度”符合句意。故填length。
59. Experts said the chances of the ________ (survive) were very small at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：专家表示，当时幸存的机会非常小。分析句子，设空处使用survive的名词survival作宾语，意为“幸存”。故填survival。
60. The hurricane (飓风) ________ (destroy) the whole village last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上周的飓风摧毁了整个村庄。空处作谓语，根据时间状语“last week”可知，此处为一般过去时。故填destroyed。
61. In ________ (refer) to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：关于你关于费用的问题，这部电影的票价是每张35元。in reference to意为“关于”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用名词reference表示“提及，谈到”作宾语。故填reference。
62. They are ________ (equal) important. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】equally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：它们同样重要。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰形容词，equally意为“相当地，平等地”。故填equally。
63. A new ________ (vary) of rice is being developed now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】variety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在正在培育一种水稻新品种。分析句子，设空处使用vary的名词variety作主语，意为“种类”,不定冠词A提示用单数，故填variety。
64. These are the ________ (base) rules of playing basketball. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】basic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些是打篮球的基本规则。分析句子，设空处使用base的形容词basic作定语，修饰名词，意为“基本的”。故填basic。
65. I’ll wait for you at the ________ (enter) to the zoo tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】entrance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：明天我在动物园门口等你。分析句子，设空处使用enter的名词entrance作宾语，意为“入口”。故填entrance。
66. He refused to accept ________ (donate) money and decided to make money by himself. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】donated
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他拒绝接受捐款，决定自己挣钱。动词donate意为“捐赠”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语money构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作定语。故填donated。
67. In four months, he put forward a ________ (propose) to set up China’s Aerospace Industry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】proposal
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在四个月的时间里，他提出了建立中国航空航天工业的建议。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，proposal意为“倡议，建议”。故填proposal。
68. Our government has taken ________ (measure) to achieve our common goal. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】measures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我国政府已采取措施实现我们的共同目标。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，measure意为“措施”，为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填measures。
69. He ________ (shoot) at the balloon but he didn’t shoot it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】shot
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他朝气球开枪，但没打中。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句中didn't可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填shot。
70. I’m ________ (die) to know what happened because it was so strange. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dying
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我很想知道发生了什么事，因为太奇怪了。be dying to do sth.渴望做某事。根据句意，故填dying。
第二节 书面表达(满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华, 上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道, 内容包括:
1. 参加人员:
2. 跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下:
3. 活动反响。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Cross-Country Running Race
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Cross-Country Running Race
Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
The students selected from every class took part in the competition. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生就上周日学校举行的5公里越野赛活动写一篇新闻报道。
【详解】体裁:应用文
时态:根据提示，时态应以一般过去时为主
结构:总分总
要求:
1. 参加人员
2. 跑步路线
3. 活动反响
第二步:列提纲(重点词组)
attend/witness/ draw one’s attention/ manage to do sth./ measure/ speak highly of/ provide sth. for sb.
第三步:连词成句
1. Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
2. The students selected from every class took part in the competition.
3. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain.
4. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement.
5. At last, all the runners managed to arrive the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
6. The activity is highly spoken of, because not only does it provide chance for us to exercise, but also makes us more cohesive.
第四步:连句成篇(加入衔接词或从句)
表示并列的连词:and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词:because/ if/ though/ although…
定语从句连词:which/ that/ when/ where…
第五步:修改润色(加入高级词汇或短语)
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高分句型，例如:Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school. 中which引导非限制性定语从句；The activity is highly thought of, because not only does it provide chance for us to exercise, but also makes us more cohesive.中使用了部分倒装。