2023-2024 山东省威海市重点中学高二上学期第二次模块考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版 含听力音频）

高二英语第二次质量检测试题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。全卷满分150分, 卷面分5分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。
3．I卷中的每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；II卷中的每小题确定答案后，用0.5mm黑色中性笔将所有答案写在I答题纸上。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the man moving to New York
A. To start a new job. B. To go on a business trip. C. To look after his family.
2. What does the woman mean
A. The man is too careless. B. The backpack isn’t lost. C. She’ll help find the backpack.
3 What are they going to do first
A. Pick up Jim. B. Go back home. C. Stop by the cleaner’s.
4. What is the relationship between the two speakers
A. Doctor and patient. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and employee.
5. What toppings will be on the pizza
A. Italian sausage. B. Pineapple. C. Black pepper.
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How will the two speakers get to the mall
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By subway.
7. When will they arrive at the mall
A In about 10 minutes. B. In about 20 minutes. C. In about 30 minutes.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman want the man to do
A. Fix the printer. B. Pick up ink for the printer. C. Get extra computer paper.
9. What is the woman going to do next
A. Text the man. B. Call the man again. C. Go to find the man.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why is the woman calling
A. To inquire about the apartment advertised.
B. To discuss the monthly rent.
C. To change time for her appointment.
11. When does the woman need the apartment
A. Around next week. B. Around next month. C. Two weeks later.
12. What is not covered by the monthly rent
A. Gas. B. Water. C. Electricity.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where should the man get off
A. At Andrew Square. B. At 14th Avenue. C. At 83rd street.
14. Which line will not be taken
A. The blue line. B. The red line. C. The gray line.
15. Which picture shows the correct route to the destination
16. What is the suggested leaving time
A. 9 am. B. 9:30 am. C. 10 am.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the BBC get its present name
A. In 1920. B. In 1922. C. In 1926.
18. What kind of programs did the BBC offer in the early days
A. Music programs. B. Sports programs. C. Cooking programs.
19. When could people listen to news on the BBC radio in the early days
A. At 4 pm. B. At 6 pm. C. At 8 pm.
20. What do we know about the BBC
A. It is government-owned.
B. It provides internet services.
C. It is the world’s biggest media company.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
The Importance of Being Earnest (Author: Oscar Wilde)
This comedic play by Oscar Wilde lakes a sharp look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algerno Moncrieff — as they tell lies to bring some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece.
A Raisin in the Sun (Author: Lorraine Hansberry)
The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood and struggling with the unfair treatment. In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produced on Broadway.
Frankenstein (Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley)
The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature that he put together from the parts of the dead body. Although Dr Frankenstein is frightened by his creation and gives up the plan halfway, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks a punishment on his creator. The novel explores humanity’s desire for creation and the fear of change it brings.
Animal Farm (Author: George Orwell)
A group of farm animals fight against their master, Mr Jones, after they realize he is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are disciplined for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger criticism (批判) of Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it to protest against Stalinism in Russia.
1. Which book may interest one who is doing a project about black people in the US most
A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun.
C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm.
2. What kind of book is Frankenstein
A. A fairy tale. B. A romantic novel.
C. A mystery story. D. A science fiction.
3. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm
A. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. B. To record a historical event in a fun way.
C. To attack Stalinist government policies. D. To promote Soviet Communism.
B
Camping is a rite of passage if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first taste of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India, I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed.
Then I turned 26 and started trying new things. I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping.
The night before the trip I was quite excited. Then I overheard a conversation between my father and mother. “Why does she have to do this Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home ” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!” my mom explained. My parents had no faith in me surviving one night in the wild.
My friends and I set up our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it slowed down; life felt gentler and easier. Suddenly, I realized: I was doing it! I was camping! As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the twinkling lights above me.
I won’t lie. I had the worst sleep of my life. Morning came and I was up and ready to make breakfast, coffee and tea. I didn’t even realize I was sad to leave until we started packing everything up.
I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built.
4. What was the author’s attitude toward camping as a child
A She was passionate. B. She considered it beneficial.
C. She felt negative. D. She was frightened.
5. What pushed the author to try camping
A. Her curiosity about the wild. B. Her friends’ invitation.
C. Her desire to restore her mental health. D. Her parents’ doubts about her survival skills.
6. What did the author think of the camping trip
A. It deepened her love of camping. B. It helped her find a sense of belonging.
C. It was peaceful sleeping outdoors. D. It gave her the courage to overcome challenges.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A new life in Canada. B. The importance of community.
C. A beginner’s guide to camping. D. A meaningful camping experience.
C
Mars may seem like a dry, desolate place, but the red planet transforms into an otherworldly wonderland in winter, according to a new video shared by NASA.
It’s late winter in Mars’ Northern Hemisphere, where the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter are exploring an ancient river delta (三角洲) that once fed into Jezero Crater billions of years ago.
As the planet’s main feature, dust drives Martian weather, but the planet is no stranger to snow, ice and frost. There are two types of snow on Mars. One is the kind we experience on Earth made of frozen water. The thin Martian air and sub-zero temperatures means that traditional snow changes from a solid directly to a gas, before touching the ground on Mars.
The other type of Martian snow is carbon dioxide based, or dry ice, and it can land on the surface. A few feet of snow tends to fall on Mars in its flat regions near the poles. “Enough falls that you could snowshoe (穿雪鞋走路) across it.” said Sylvain Piqueux, a Mars scientist at NASA’S Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, in a statement.
So far, no orbiters(轨道飞行器) or rovers have been able to see snow fall on the red planet because the weather phenomenon only occurs at the poles beneath cloud cover at night. The cameras on the orbiters can’t peer through the clouds, and no robotic explorers have been developed that could survive the freezing temperatures at the poles, which can be as low as minus 120 degrees Celsius.
However, the Mars Climate Sounder instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter can detect light that’s invisible to the human eye. It has made detections of carbon dioxide snow falling at the Martian poles. The Phoenix lander, which arrived on Mars in 2008, also used one of its laser instruments to detect water-ice snow from its spot about 1,600 kilometers away from the Martian north pole.
Thanks to photographers, we know snowflakes on Earth are unique and six sided. Beneath a microscope, Martian snowflakes would likely look a little different. “Because carbon dioxide ice has a symmetry (对称) of four, we know dry-ice snowflakes would be cube-shaped (立方体的), ” Piqueux said. “Thanks to the Mars Climate Sounder, we can tell these snowflakes would be smaller than the width of a human hair.”
Ice and carbon dioxide-based frosts also form on Mars, and they can occur farther away from the poles. The Odyssey orbiter (which entered Mars orbit in 2001) has watched frost forming and turning to a gas in the sunlight, while the Viking landers spotted icy frost on Mars when they arrived in the 1970s.
8. What can we learn about the snow made of frozen water on Mars
A. It contains lots of dust. B. It makes the Martian air thick.
C. It keeps its form stable while falling. D. It can hardly be seen on the Martian ground.
9. What makes it difficult for robotic explorers to see snow fall on Mars
A. The freezing temperature. B. The thickness of clouds.
C. The changing weather pattern. D. The distance from the poles.
10. What can the Mars Climate Sounder tell us about dry-ice snowflakes
A. Their smell. B. Their size. C. Their speed. D. Their direction.
11. What is the best title of the text
A. It Seldom Snows on Mars B. It Is Much Colder on Mars
C. The Beautiful Winter on Mars D. The Seasonal Changes on Mars
D
Having bright colors and greenery in our cities can make people happier and calmer, according to a recent experiment.
Researchers at the University of Lille tested how volunteers reacted to variations of a minimalist concrete (混凝土), glass and metal urban landscape. The participants walked on the spot in a laboratory wearing a VR headset with eye trackers, and researchers adjusted their surroundings, adding combinations of vegetation, as well as bright yellow and pink colors, and contrasting patterns on the path. By tracking their blink rate, the researchers learned about what the volunteers were most interested in.
Researchers found the volunteers walked more slowly and their heart rate increased when they saw green vegetation in their urban setting. They also kept their heads higher, looking forward and around, instead of toward the ground. While adding and taking away color didn’t make quite as much of a difference for the participants, they were more curious and alert when colorful patterns were added to the ground they were virtually stepping on. According to Yvonne Delevoye-Turrell, a professor of cognitive psychology at the university and the lead author of this study, the results demonstrated that the urban experience had been made more pleasurable.
The research, published in Frontiers in Virtual Reality, suggests that making some small changes to the city could boost morale, even when people are experiencing them through virtual reality. “We think that the variations in human behavior obtained in virtual reality can predict the changes that would be obtained in the natural settings,” said Delevoye-Turrell.
Michal Matlon, an architecture psychologist and consultant, said: “I think that though most people appreciate nature in cities — they find it beautiful, and they usually react with anger when it’s taken away — they don’t fully understand how beneficial spending time in nature is.”
“We often underappreciate the compounding effects that enriching ordinary places with nature can have.” Matlon said even the smallest of changes could affect the experience of someone on their way to work, for example.
12. What did researchers try to find in their experiment
A. What landscape interests urban people most.
B. What helps people adjust to new surroundings.
C. The effects of vegetation and color in urban settings.
D. The most appealing colors and patterns for urban paths.
13. What happened when the participants were shown green vegetation
A. Their hearts beat faster. B. They increased their walking speed.
C. They focused on the ground. D. They became nervous and alert.
14. What does the underlined word “morale” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Health. B. Imagination. C. Spirits. D. Abilities.
15. What would Michal Matlon probably think is beneficial
A. Enriching our lives with colors. B. Combining nature into our daily lives.
C. Making regular, small changes in our lives. D. Spending as little time as possible in nature.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
How to Stop Spam Calls for Good
If you made a list of the little things that bothered you the most, phone call scams would no doubt be at the top. Telemarketers, or more often, automated robot-callers, have tricks for interrupting you at the worst possible moment. ____16____
Fact is that robot-callers are never going to stop trying to reach you. Their schemes bring in hundreds of thousands — if not millions — of dollars annually. And unfortunately, older people are more likely to fall prey to these scams. ____17____
Sign up for the National Do Not Call Registry
Your first move: Join the Federal Trade Commission’s National Do Not Call Registry. You can get on the list by calling 1-888-382-1222 from the phone number you want to register. ____18____ To date, the agency has taken 51 legal actions against companies and telemarketers, recovering $112 million.
Use spam-filtering apps and tech
____19____ A spam-filtering app can give you a second layer of protection and is a good add-on to your overall smartphone security. The app’s makers maintain a large database of user-reported robocalls. When one of those numbers dials you, the app blocks the phone from ringing and informs you the call is spam. Genius!
____20____
You probably know that a caller who insists you owe money to the IRS or says you’ll be arrested if you don’t settle a debt is a scammer. But your 10-year-old kid and your older parents and grandparents may be tricked. And remember: Knowing how to stop spam calls is just one step toward avoiding scams; don’t forget to explain how to stop spam texts to your loved ones, too.
A. Warn family members
B. Report to the police at once
C. Follow these steps to pull the plug on them once and for all.
D. If you have multiple numbers to input, register them at DoNotCall. gov.
E. Spam calls can reach you anytime and anywhere when you use your smartphone.
F. They’re annoying, but that’s not the only reason you should know how to stop spam calls.
G. The National Do Not Call Registry will prevent a lot of unwanted calls, but it won’t stop all of them.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
When 16-year-old Grayden Brunet joined the Sackets Harbor, New York, volunteer fire department in 2017, he was the youngest on the team by 20 years. He was so ___21___to be following in his dad’s footsteps that he persuaded two classmates, Niklas Brazie and Dalton Hardison, to ___22___ too.
A few years later, the older firefighters quit over COVID-19 concerns. ___23___, the three teens were the only firefighters at the Sackets Harbor volunteer fire department. They___24___ to heart attacks, car accidents, and suicides. They were the ones ___25___COVID-19 patients to hospitals.
“We went from not even having our licenses to ___26___people’s lives,” Hardison told CBS.
As far as the teens were concerned, they couldn’t ___27___. If they did, Brunet told North County Public Radio, “The community would lose the ___28___.”
They___29___ for a year until help arrived in the form of five more teens, all motivated to serve their___30___. “When they call 911, they’re ___31___ someone to help them,” says 16-year-old Sophia DeVito.
The job is ___32___. One night last fall, the crew responded to two ambulance calls and a fire. They got home at 5:30 am, just two hours before ___33___started.
“It’s definitely ___34___coming back from the calls and having to take a math test,” Grayden’s younger brother Gannon told WWNY.
But they don’t ___35___the work.
21. A. unwilling B. excited C. worried D. surprised
22. A. turn down B. give up C. sign up D. take over
23. A. Fortunately B. Certainly C. Generally D. Suddenly
24. A. looked B. responded C. devoted D. objected
25. A. speeding B. admitting C. refusing D. ordering
26. A. improving B. changing C. saving D. risking
27. A. continue B. wait C. hesitate D. quit
28. A. calls B. patients C. ambulance D. hospital
29. A. put off B. carried on C. got lost D. hanged about
30. A. neighbors B. classmates C. leaders D. colleagues
31. A. persuading B. promising C. expecting D. reminding
32. A. boring B. pleasant C. dangerous D. tiring
33. A. school B. work C. training D. breakfast
34. A. strange B. annoying C. interesting D. hard
35. A. admire B. appreciate C. mind D. enjoy
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
For centuries globalization was_______36_______ (large) shaped by sea. While Western maritime nations rapidly developed through colonial expansion, landlocked (内陆的) nations ______37______ (trap) in a cycle of exploitation and poverty.
Over the past decade, a transformative initiative ______38______(begin) to break this cycle and is revitalizing (振兴) the economies of inland countries. That is the Belt and Road Initiative,_______39_______(establish) in 2013.
These intercontinental railways have greatly reduced trade costs by providing a swift and cost-effective alternative to sea or air freight (货运) thereby driving the ______40______(grow) of global trade.
According to the World Bank, the Belt and Road Initiative could reduce global trade costs by as much as 1.8 percent. There are now 86 freight train lines in China that are linked to more than 200 cities in 25 European countries and ______41______(region) and more than 100 cities in Asia, ______42______(cover) almost the entire landmass of Eurasia (欧亚大陆).
The Belt and Road Initiative has attracted the ______43______(participate) of more than three-quarters of countries _______44_______(global), greatly improving the lives of 30 percent of the world’s population. And contrary to _______45_______ some westerners say, the help comes without attached conditions. For China, everything these countries gain from its help is a gain for the world.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是某英文网站负责人李华，你们网站近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的海报设计大赛，在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息，请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 大赛目的；2. 作品要求；3. 参赛方式。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Freddie,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Last April, Jake drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he went back home, Jake’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Jake approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Jake began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a rough mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Jake, driving a four-wheel truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Jake’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Jake was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Jake were a delivery worker named Paul and his friend Tom, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Jake’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Paul quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 所续词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, Paul turned to Tom and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jake was about to thank Paul and Tom when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 AACBA 6-10 BCCAA 11-15 ACCBA 16-20 ACACB高二英语第二次质量检测试题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。全卷满分150分, 卷面分5分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。
3．I卷中的每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；II卷中的每小题确定答案后，用0.5mm黑色中性笔将所有答案写在I答题纸上。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the man moving to New York
A. To start a new job. B. To go on a business trip. C. To look after his family.
2. What does the woman mean
A. The man is too careless. B. The backpack isn’t lost. C. She’ll help find the backpack.
3. What are they going to do first
A. Pick up Jim. B. Go back home. C. Stop by the cleaner’s.
4. What is the relationship between the two speakers
A. Doctor and patient. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and employee.
5. What toppings will be on the pizza
A. Italian sausage. B. Pineapple. C. Black pepper.
第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How will the two speakers get to the mall
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By subway.
7. When will they arrive at the mall
A. In about 10 minutes. B. In about 20 minutes. C. In about 30 minutes.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman want the man to do
A. Fix the printer. B. Pick up ink for the printer. C. Get extra computer paper.
9. What is the woman going to do next
A. Text the man. B. Call the man again. C. Go to find the man.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why is the woman calling
A. To inquire about the apartment advertised.
B. To discuss the monthly rent.
C To change time for her appointment.
11. When does the woman need the apartment
A. Around next week. B. Around next month. C. Two weeks later.
12 What is not covered by the monthly rent
A. Gas. B. Water. C. Electricity.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where should the man get off
A. At Andrew Square. B. At 14th Avenue. C. At 83rd street.
14. Which line will not be taken
A. The blue line. B. The red line. C. The gray line.
15. Which picture shows the correct route to the destination
16. What is the suggested leaving time
A. 9 am. B. 9:30 am. C. 10 am.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the BBC get its present name
A. In 1920. B. In 1922. C. In 1926.
18. What kind of programs did the BBC offer in the early days
A. Music programs. B. Sports programs. C. Cooking programs.
19. When could people listen to news on the BBC radio in the early days
A. At 4 pm. B. At 6 pm. C. At 8 pm.
20. What do we know about the BBC
A. It is government-owned.
B. It provides internet services.
C. It is the world’s biggest media company.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
The Importance of Being Earnest (Author: Oscar Wilde)
This comedic play by Oscar Wilde lakes a sharp look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algerno Moncrieff — as they tell lies to bring some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece.
A Raisin in the Sun (Author: Lorraine Hansberry)
The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood and struggling with the unfair treatment. In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produced on Broadway.
Frankenstein (Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley)
The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature that he put together from the parts of the dead body. Although Dr Frankenstein is frightened by his creation and gives up the plan halfway, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks a punishment on his creator. The novel explores humanity’s desire for creation and the fear of change it brings.
Animal Farm (Author: George Orwell)
A group of farm animals fight against their master, Mr Jones, after they realize he is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are disciplined for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger criticism (批判) of Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it to protest against Stalinism in Russia.
1. Which book may interest one who is doing a project about black people in the US most
A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun.
C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm.
2. What kind of book is Frankenstein
A. A fairy tale. B. A romantic novel.
C. A mystery story. D. A science fiction.
3. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm
A. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. B. To record a historical event in a fun way.
C. To attack Stalinist government policies. D. To promote Soviet Communism.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，它主要介绍了几部著名的文学作品，包括《认真的重要性》、《日光下的葡萄干》、《弗兰肯斯坦》和《动物农场》，并分别对它们的内容和主题进行了简要的说明和评价。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“A Raisin in the Sun”部分中的“The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood and struggling with the unfair treatment. In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produced on Broadway. (故事讲述了居住在芝加哥南部的一个黑人工人阶级家庭扬格一家搬到一个全是白人的社区，并与不公平待遇作斗争。1959年，Lorraine Hansberry成为第一位在百老汇上演戏剧的黑人剧作家。)”可知，这本书与黑人的生活相关。由此可知，正在做美国黑人项目的人对这本书最感兴趣。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Frankenstein”部分中的“The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature that he put together from the parts of the dead body. Although Dr Frankenstein is frightened by his creation and gives up the plan halfway, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks a punishment on his creator. (这个故事发表于1818年，向读者介绍了维克多·弗兰肯斯坦博士，他是一位科学家，他用尸体的各个部位组装出了一个生命。尽管弗兰肯斯坦博士被他的创造吓坏了，中途放弃了计划，但这个生物设法自我教育，然后寻求对他的创造者的惩罚。)”可知，这部小说讲述的是一位科学家用尸体的各个部位组装出了一个生命，由此可知这是一部科幻小说。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Animal Farm”部分中的“It is a larger criticism (批判) of Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it to protest against Stalinism in Russia (这是对苏联共产主义更大的批评。奥威尔写这这部作品是为了抗议俄国的斯大林主义。)”可知，奥威尔写这“Animal Farm”是为了抗议俄国的斯大林主义。故选C。
B
Camping is a rite of passage if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first taste of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India, I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed.
Then I turned 26 and started trying new things. I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping.
The night before the trip I was quite excited. Then I overheard a conversation between my father and mother. “Why does she have to do this Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home ” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!” my mom explained. My parents had no faith in me surviving one night in the wild.
My friends and I set up our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it slowed down; life felt gentler and easier. Suddenly, I realized: I was doing it! I was camping! As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the twinkling lights above me.
I won’t lie. I had the worst sleep of my life. Morning came and I was up and ready to make breakfast, coffee and tea. I didn’t even realize I was sad to leave until we started packing everything up.
I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built.
4. What was the author’s attitude toward camping as a child
A. She was passionate. B. She considered it beneficial.
C. She felt negative. D. She was frightened.
5. What pushed the author to try camping
A. Her curiosity about the wild. B. Her friends’ invitation.
C. Her desire to restore her mental health. D. Her parents’ doubts about her survival skills.
6. What did the author think of the camping trip
A. It deepened her love of camping. B. It helped her find a sense of belonging.
C. It was peaceful sleeping outdoors. D. It gave her the courage to overcome challenges.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A new life in Canada. B. The importance of community.
C. A beginner’s guide to camping. D. A meaningful camping experience.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。本文是关于作者从对露营的不理解到通过实际体验发现其中的美好，建立社群感并改变观念的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India, I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed.(但作为一个来自印度的移民，我觉得这很奇怪。我只是不明白，当舒适的家还存在的时候，为什么还有那么多人热爱大自然)”可知，作者小时候觉得露营很奇怪，在家里最舒适，所以对露营的态度是消极的。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Then I turned 26 and started trying new things. I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping.(后来我26岁了，开始尝试新事物。我有心理健康问题已经有一段时间了，我发现出去走走能让我冷静下来。所以，我决定尝试露营)”可知，是她恢复精神健康的愿望促使作者尝试露营。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built.(在完成了一件我从未想过自己会做的事情之后，我并不是要离开。我带着一种真正的社区意识，一种对户外美景的真正欣赏，以及对一项我多年来一直认为很奇怪的活动的完全不同的看法离开了。它让我意识到加拿大的美丽不在于我们做的事情，而在于我们建立的社区)”可知，作者认为这次野营旅行让自己意识到加拿大的美丽不在于做的事情，而在于建立的社区，也就是让作者找到了归属感。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Then I turned 26 and started trying new things. I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping.(后来我26岁了，开始尝试新事物。我有心理健康问题已经有一段时间了，我发现出去走走能让我冷静下来。所以，我决定尝试露营)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的一次露营经历，通过这次露营作者找到了归属感，所以本文主要讲述了一次有意义的露营经历。故选D项。
C
Mars may seem like a dry, desolate place, but the red planet transforms into an otherworldly wonderland in winter, according to a new video shared by NASA.
It’s late winter in Mars’ Northern Hemisphere, where the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter are exploring an ancient river delta (三角洲) that once fed into Jezero Crater billions of years ago.
As the planet’s main feature, dust drives Martian weather, but the planet is no stranger to snow, ice and frost. There are two types of snow on Mars. One is the kind we experience on Earth made of frozen water. The thin Martian air and sub-zero temperatures means that traditional snow changes from a solid directly to a gas, before touching the ground on Mars.
The other type of Martian snow is carbon dioxide based, or dry ice, and it can land on the surface. A few feet of snow tends to fall on Mars in its flat regions near the poles. “Enough falls that you could snowshoe (穿雪鞋走路) across it.” said Sylvain Piqueux, a Mars scientist at NASA’S Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, in a statement.
So far, no orbiters(轨道飞行器) or rovers have been able to see snow fall on the red planet because the weather phenomenon only occurs at the poles beneath cloud cover at night. The cameras on the orbiters can’t peer through the clouds, and no robotic explorers have been developed that could survive the freezing temperatures at the poles, which can be as low as minus 120 degrees Celsius.
However, the Mars Climate Sounder instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter can detect light that’s invisible to the human eye. It has made detections of carbon dioxide snow falling at the Martian poles. The Phoenix lander, which arrived on Mars in 2008, also used one of its laser instruments to detect water-ice snow from its spot about 1,600 kilometers away from the Martian north pole.
Thanks to photographers, we know snowflakes on Earth are unique and six sided. Beneath a microscope, Martian snowflakes would likely look a little different. “Because carbon dioxide ice has a symmetry (对称) of four, we know dry-ice snowflakes would be cube-shaped (立方体的), ” Piqueux said. “Thanks to the Mars Climate Sounder, we can tell these snowflakes would be smaller than the width of a human hair.”
Ice and carbon dioxide-based frosts also form on Mars, and they can occur farther away from the poles. The Odyssey orbiter (which entered Mars orbit in 2001) has watched frost forming and turning to a gas in the sunlight, while the Viking landers spotted icy frost on Mars when they arrived in the 1970s.
8. What can we learn about the snow made of frozen water on Mars
A. It contains lots of dust. B. It makes the Martian air thick.
C. It keeps its form stable while falling. D. It can hardly be seen on the Martian ground.
9. What makes it difficult for robotic explorers to see snow fall on Mars
A. The freezing temperature. B. The thickness of clouds.
C. The changing weather pattern. D. The distance from the poles.
10. What can the Mars Climate Sounder tell us about dry-ice snowflakes
A. Their smell. B. Their size. C. Their speed. D. Their direction.
11. What is the best title of the text
A. It Seldom Snows on Mars B. It Is Much Colder on Mars
C. The Beautiful Winter on Mars D. The Seasonal Changes on Mars
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星上雪的两种类型以及探测器观测雪所存在的挑战以及目前对于火星上雪花的一些了解情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“One is the kind we experience on Earth made of frozen water. The thin Martian air and sub-zero temperatures means that traditional snow changes from a solid directly to a gas, before touching the ground on Mars.(一种是我们在地球上体验到的由冰冻水构成的水。火星稀薄的空气和零下的温度意味着传统的雪在接触火星地面之前就会从固体直接变成气体)”可知，火星上由冰冻的水构成的雪在火星上几乎看不到。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The cameras on the orbiters can’t peer through the clouds, and no robotic explorers have been developed that could survive the freezing temperatures at the poles, which can be as low as minus 120 degrees Celsius.(轨道飞行器上的摄像头无法透过云层进行观察，而且目前还没有开发出能够在极地低温环境下生存的机器人探测器，那里的低温可低至零下120摄氏度)”可知，冰点温度让机器人探测器难以看到火星上的降雪。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thanks to the Mars Climate Sounder, we can tell these snowflakes would be smaller than the width of a human hair.(多亏了火星气候探测器，我们可以判断出这些雪花比人类头发的宽度还小)”可知，火星气候探测器能告诉我们关于干冰雪花的尺寸大小。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mars may seem like a dry, desolate place, but the red planet transforms into an otherworldly wonderland in winter, according to a new video shared by NASA.(火星可能看起来是一个干燥、荒凉的地方，但根据美国宇航局分享的一段新视频，这颗红色星球在冬天会变成一个超凡脱俗的仙境)”以及第三段“As the planet’s main feature, dust drives Martian weather, but the planet is no stranger to snow, ice and frost.(作为火星的主要特征，尘埃驱动着火星的天气，但这个星球对雪、冰和霜并不陌生)”结合文章主要介绍了火星上雪的两种类型以及探测器观测雪所存在的挑战以及目前对于火星上雪花的一些了解情况。可知，C选项“火星上美丽的冬天”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Having bright colors and greenery in our cities can make people happier and calmer, according to a recent experiment.
Researchers at the University of Lille tested how volunteers reacted to variations of a minimalist concrete (混凝土), glass and metal urban landscape. The participants walked on the spot in a laboratory wearing a VR headset with eye trackers, and researchers adjusted their surroundings, adding combinations of vegetation, as well as bright yellow and pink colors, and contrasting patterns on the path. By tracking their blink rate, the researchers learned about what the volunteers were most interested in.
Researchers found the volunteers walked more slowly and their heart rate increased when they saw green vegetation in their urban setting. They also kept their heads higher, looking forward and around, instead of toward the ground. While adding and taking away color didn’t make quite as much of a difference for the participants, they were more curious and alert when colorful patterns were added to the ground they were virtually stepping on. According to Yvonne Delevoye-Turrell, a professor of cognitive psychology at the university and the lead author of this study, the results demonstrated that the urban experience had been made more pleasurable.
The research, published in Frontiers in Virtual Reality, suggests that making some small changes to the city could boost morale, even when people are experiencing them through virtual reality. “We think that the variations in human behavior obtained in virtual reality can predict the changes that would be obtained in the natural settings,” said Delevoye-Turrell.
Michal Matlon, an architecture psychologist and consultant, said: “I think that though most people appreciate nature in cities — they find it beautiful, and they usually react with anger when it’s taken away — they don’t fully understand how beneficial spending time in nature is.”
“We often underappreciate the compounding effects that enriching ordinary places with nature can have.” Matlon said even the smallest of changes could affect the experience of someone on their way to work, for example.
12. What did researchers try to find in their experiment
A. What landscape interests urban people most.
B. What helps people adjust to new surroundings.
C. The effects of vegetation and color in urban settings.
D. The most appealing colors and patterns for urban paths.
13. What happened when the participants were shown green vegetation
A. Their hearts beat faster. B. They increased their walking speed.
C. They focused on the ground. D. They became nervous and alert.
14. What does the underlined word “morale” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Health. B. Imagination. C. Spirits. D. Abilities.
15. What would Michal Matlon probably think is beneficial
A. Enriching our lives with colors. B. Combining nature into our daily lives.
C. Making regular, small changes in our lives. D. Spending as little time as possible in nature.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了利用虚拟现实测试城市环境对人的情绪影响的实验。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers at the University of Lille tested how volunteers reacted to variations of a minimalist concrete (混凝土), glass and metal urban landscape. The participants walked on the spot in a laboratory wearing a VR headset with eye trackers, and researchers adjusted their surroundings, adding combinations of vegetation, as well as bright yellow and pink colors, and contrasting patterns on the path. By tracking their blink rate, the researchers learned about what the volunteers were most interested in.(里尔大学的研究人员测试了志愿者对极简主义混凝土、玻璃和金属城市景观的不同反应。参与者戴着带有眼动仪的VR头显在实验室里原地行走，研究人员调整了他们的周围环境，增加了植被的组合，以及明黄色和粉红色的颜色，以及路径上的对比图案。通过跟踪他们的眨眼频率，研究人员了解到志愿者最感兴趣的是什么)”可推知，为了测试了志愿者对极简主义混凝土、玻璃和金属城市景观的不同反应，研究人员增加了植被的组合，明黄色和粉红色的颜色，以及路径上的对比图案，所以是研究人员在他们的实验中试图发现城市环境中植被和色彩的影响。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers found the volunteers walked more slowly and their heart rate increased when they saw green vegetation in their urban setting.(研究人员发现，当志愿者在城市环境中看到绿色植被时，他们走得更慢，心率也会加快)”可知，当参与者看到绿色植被时会心跳加快。故选A项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“According to Yvonne Delevoye-Turrell, a professor of cognitive psychology at the university and the lead author of this study, the results demonstrated that the urban experience had been made more pleasurable.(该大学认知心理学教授、该研究的主要作者伊冯·德勒沃伊-特雷尔(Yvonne Delevoye-Turrell)表示，研究结果表明，城市生活变得更加愉快)”和第四段“making some small changes to the city could boost morale(对城市进行一些小的改变可以鼓舞morale)”可知，改变城市，增加一些绿色植被和颜色，城市生活变得更加愉快，也就是提高人们的精神状态，推知morale和C项意思相近。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Michal Matlon, an architecture psychologist and consultant, said: “I think that though most people appreciate nature in cities — they find it beautiful, and they usually react with anger when it’s taken away — they don’t fully understand how beneficial spending time in nature is.”(建筑心理学家兼顾问迈克尔·马隆说：“我认为，尽管大多数人都欣赏城市里的自然——他们觉得它很美，当大自然被夺走时，他们通常会生气——但他们并没有完全理解花时间在大自然中是多么有益。”)”以及最后一段““We often underappreciate the compounding effects that enriching ordinary places with nature can have.” Matlon said even the smallest of changes could affect the experience of someone on their way to work, for example.(“我们往往低估了用自然丰富普通地方所能产生的复合效应。”马隆举例说，即使是最小的变化也会影响人们在上班路上的体验)”可知，迈克尔·马龙认为人们没有完全理解花时间在大自然中是多么有益，以及最小的变化也会影响人们在上班路上的体验，所以他认为应该将自然融入我们的日常生活。故选B项。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
How to Stop Spam Calls for Good
If you made a list of the little things that bothered you the most, phone call scams would no doubt be at the top. Telemarketers, or more often, automated robot-callers, have tricks for interrupting you at the worst possible moment. ____16____
Fact is that robot-callers are never going to stop trying to reach you. Their schemes bring in hundreds of thousands — if not millions — of dollars annually. And unfortunately, older people are more likely to fall prey to these scams. ____17____
Sign up for the National Do Not Call Registry
Your first move: Join the Federal Trade Commission’s National Do Not Call Registry. You can get on the list by calling 1-888-382-1222 from the phone number you want to register. ____18____ To date, the agency has taken 51 legal actions against companies and telemarketers, recovering $112 million.
Use spam-filtering apps and tech
____19____ A spam-filtering app can give you a second layer of protection and is a good add-on to your overall smartphone security. The app’s makers maintain a large database of user-reported robocalls. When one of those numbers dials you, the app blocks the phone from ringing and informs you the call is spam. Genius!
____20____
You probably know that a caller who insists you owe money to the IRS or says you’ll be arrested if you don’t settle a debt is a scammer. But your 10-year-old kid and your older parents and grandparents may be tricked. And remember: Knowing how to stop spam calls is just one step toward avoiding scams; don’t forget to explain how to stop spam texts to your loved ones, too.
A. Warn family members
B. Report to the police at once
C. Follow these steps to pull the plug on them once and for all.
D. If you have multiple numbers to input, register them at DoNotCall. gov.
E. Spam calls can reach you anytime and anywhere when you use your smartphone.
F. They’re annoying, but that’s not the only reason you should know how to stop spam calls.
G. The National Do Not Call Registry will prevent a lot of unwanted calls, but it won’t stop all of them.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了垃圾电话推销的危害以及如何远离电信诈骗。
【16题详解】
根据第一段“Telemarketers, or more often, automated robot-callers, have tricks for interrupting you at the worst possible moment. (电话销售员，或者更常见的是，自动机器人呼叫者，有能力在最糟糕的时刻打扰你)”以及第二段“Their schemes bring in hundreds of thousands — if not millions — of dollars annually. And unfortunately, older people are more likely to fall prey to these scams. (他们的计划每年骗取数十万——如果不是数百万——美元的收入。不幸的是，老年人更有可能成为这些骗局的受害者)”可知，第一段在讲述电信诈骗或电话推销会打扰你，第二段讲述了垃圾电话推销会带来了经济损失。两段之间是递进的关系，讲述电信诈骗的危害。空格处应该选择能够承上启下的句子。F项“They’re annoying, but that’s not the only reason you should know how to stop spam calls. (他们很烦人，但这不是你应该知道如何阻止垃圾电话的唯一原因)”符合文意。故选F。
【17题详解】
第一段“Telemarketers, or more often, automated robot-callers, have tricks for interrupting you at the worst possible moment. (电话销售员，或者更常见的是，自动机器人呼叫者，有能力在最糟糕的时刻打扰你)”，第二段“Their schemes bring in hundreds of thousands — if not millions — of dollars annually. And unfortunately, older people are more likely to fall prey to these scams. (他们的计划每年骗取数十万——如果不是数百万——美元的收入。不幸的是，老年人更有可能成为这些骗局的受害者)”以及下文通过三个段落在讲述如何防止垃圾电话或电信诈骗。由此可知，此处要选择能够引起下文的句子。C项“Follow these steps to pull the plug on them once and for all. (按照下面的步骤，就可以一劳永逸地摆脱它们了)”符合文意。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据第三段标题“Sign up for the National Do Not Call Registry(注册National Do Not Call Registry)”以及空格前“Your first move: Join the Federal Trade Commission’s National Do Not Call Registry. You can get on the list by calling 1-888-382-1222 from the phone number you want to register. (你的第一步：加入联邦贸易委员会的National Do Not Call Registry。你可以拨打你想登记的电话号码1-888-382-1222进入名单)”可知，本段主要在讲述通过登记到National Do Not Call Registry上来阻止电话骚扰。空格处应该也是有关登记到这个列表的建议。D项“If you have multiple numbers to input，register them at DoNotCall. gov (如果你有多个号码要输入，请在DoNotCall. Gov进行登记)”符合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据第四段标题“Use spam-filtering apps and tech(使用垃圾邮件过滤应用程序和技术)”以及空格后“A spam-filtering app can give you a second layer of protection and is a good add-on to your overall smartphone security. (垃圾邮件过滤应用程序可以给你提供第二层保护，对你的智能手机整体安全来说是一个很好的附加组件)”可知，该段落主要在讲阻止骚扰电话的第二种方法，空格处需要一个过渡句，承上启下。G项“The National Do Not Call Registry will prevent a lot of unwanted calls，but it won’t stop all of them. (National Do Not Call Registry会阻止很多不必要的电话，但不会阻止所有的电话)”符合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据最后一段“And remember: Knowing how to stop spam calls is just one step toward avoiding scams; don’t forget to explain how to stop spam texts to your loved ones, too. (记住：知道如何阻止垃圾电话只是避免诈骗的第一步；不要忘记向你爱的人解释如何阻止垃圾短信)”可知，该段落主要在讲述如何教会家人预防电信诈骗。A项“Warn family members(提醒家人)”符合文意。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
When 16-year-old Grayden Brunet joined the Sackets Harbor, New York, volunteer fire department in 2017, he was the youngest on the team by 20 years. He was so ___21___to be following in his dad’s footsteps that he persuaded two classmates, Niklas Brazie and Dalton Hardison, to ___22___ too.
A few years later, the older firefighters quit over COVID-19 concerns. ___23___, the three teens were the only firefighters at the Sackets Harbor volunteer fire department. They___24___ to heart attacks, car accidents, and suicides. They were the ones ___25___COVID-19 patients to hospitals.
“We went from not even having our licenses to ___26___people’s lives,” Hardison told CBS.
As far as the teens were concerned, they couldn’t ___27___. If they did, Brunet told North County Public Radio, “The community would lose the ___28___.”
They___29___ for a year until help arrived in the form of five more teens, all motivated to serve their___30___. “When they call 911, they’re ___31___ someone to help them,” says 16-year-old Sophia DeVito.
The job is ___32___. One night last fall, the crew responded to two ambulance calls and a fire. They got home at 5:30 am, just two hours before ___33___started.
“It’s definitely ___34___coming back from the calls and having to take a math test,” Grayden’s younger brother Gannon told WWNY.
But they don’t ___35___the work.
21. A. unwilling B. excited C. worried D. surprised
22. A. turn down B. give up C. sign up D. take over
23. A. Fortunately B. Certainly C. Generally D. Suddenly
24. A. looked B. responded C. devoted D. objected
25. A. speeding B. admitting C. refusing D. ordering
26. A. improving B. changing C. saving D. risking
27. A. continue B. wait C. hesitate D. quit
28. A. calls B. patients C. ambulance D. hospital
29. A. put off B. carried on C. got lost D. hanged about
30. A. neighbors B. classmates C. leaders D. colleagues
31. A. persuading B. promising C. expecting D. reminding
32. A. boring B. pleasant C. dangerous D. tiring
33. A. school B. work C. training D. breakfast
34. A. strange B. annoying C. interesting D. hard
35. A. admire B. appreciate C. mind D. enjoy
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了少年格雷登·布鲁内特追随父亲脚步加入社区的消防部门做志愿者，并且吸引了一群志同道合的少年一起为社区服务。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴能追随父亲的脚步，于是他说服了两个同学，尼克拉斯·布拉齐和道尔顿·哈迪森也报名参加。A. unwilling不情愿的；B. excited兴奋的，高兴的；C. worried担心的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后文“following in his dad’s footsteps”可知，能追随父亲的脚步，他应该是兴奋的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他很高兴能追随父亲的脚步，于是他说服了两个同学，尼克拉斯·布拉齐和道尔顿·哈迪森也报名参加。A. turn down拒绝；B. give up放弃；C. sign up报名；D. take over接管。根据前文“When 16-year-old Grayden Brunet joined the Sackets Harbor, New York, volunteer fire department in 2017”可知，是参加纽约萨克茨港志愿消防部门，所以应是报名参加。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然之间，这三个十几岁的孩子成了萨克茨港志愿消防队仅有的消防员。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Certainly当然；C. Generally通常；D. Suddenly突然。根据前文“A few years later, the older firefighters quit over COVID-19 concerns.”可知，年长的消防员辞职了，所以是突然这三个十几岁的孩子成了萨克茨港志愿消防队仅有的消防员。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们应对心脏病发作、车祸和自杀。A. looked看；B. responded应对；C. devoted奉献；D. objected反对。根据后文“to heart attacks, car accidents, and suicides”根据常识可知，消防员的工作是救助紧急情况，即对紧急情况做出回应。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们是将COVID-19患者快速送往医院的人。A. speeding快速运送；B. admitting承认；C. refusing拒绝；D. ordering命令。根据后文“COVID-19 patients to hospitals”可知，应是“将COVID-19患者快速送往医院”。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈德森告诉哥伦比亚广播公司：“我们从连执照都没有，确在拯救人们的生命。”A. improving改善；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救；D. risking冒…的风险。根据前文“They　　4　　 to heart attacks, car accidents, and suicides. They were the ones 　　5　　COVID-19 patients to hospitals.”可知，他们是在拯救人们的生命。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就青少年而言，他们不能退出。A. continue继续；B. wait等待；C. hesitate犹豫；D. quit退出。根据后文“If they did, Brunet told North County Public Radio, “The community would lose the 　 8　　　.””可知，他们如果这样做了，社区会失去救护车，所以他们不能退出。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：布鲁内告诉北县公共广播电台，如果他们这样做了，“社区就会失去救护车。”A. calls打电话；B. patients病人；C. ambulance救护车；D. hospital医院。根据前文“They were the ones 　　5　　COVID-19 patients to hospitals.”以及“If they did”可知，他们负责将COVID-19患者送往医院的人，应是用救护车送，如果他们辞职了，社区就会失去救护车。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们这样做了一年，直到又有五个十几岁的孩子来帮忙，他们都很乐意为邻居服务。A. put off推迟；B. carried on坚持；C. got lost迷路；D. hanged about闲逛。根据后文“for a year until help arrived in the form of five more teens”结合选项，应是他们坚持了一年之意。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们这样做了一年，直到又有五个十几岁的孩子来帮忙，他们都很乐意为邻居服务。A. neighbors邻居；B. classmates同班同学；C. leaders领袖；D. colleagues同事。根据前文“The community would lose the 　 8　　　.”可知，他们是为社区服务，也就是邻居服务。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：16岁的索菲亚·德维托说：“当他们拨打911时，他们希望有人能帮助他们。”A. persuading说服；B. promising承诺；C. expecting期待；D. reminding提醒。根据前文“When they call 911”结合常识可知，打911的人都是希望获得帮助的人。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这工作很累人。A. boring没趣的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. dangerous危险的；D. tiring累人的。根据后文“One night last fall, the crew responded to two ambulance calls and a fire.”可知，一个晚上接到了两个救护车呼叫和一场火灾，所以是累人的。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们早上5:30到家，就在开学前两个小时。A. school学校；B. work工作；C. training训练；D. breakfast早餐。根据前文“When 16-year-old Grayden Brunet joined the Sackets Harbor, New York, volunteer fire department in 2017”以及“he persuaded two classmates”可知，他们只有16岁，还在上学，所以7点半是开学时间。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格雷登的弟弟甘农在接受《WWNY》采访时表示：“接到任务回来，还要参加数学考试，这肯定很困难。”A. strange奇怪的；B. annoying烦人的；C. interesting有趣的；D. hard艰难的。根据后文“coming back from the calls and having to take a math test”结合选项可知，出了消防任务回来，还要参加数学考试，应是困难的。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们并不介意这份工作。A. admire欣赏；B. appreciate感谢；C. mind介意；D. enjoy享受。根据前文“But”可知，表转折，结合前文内容和选项，应是他们并不介意这份工作。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
For centuries globalization was_______36_______ (large) shaped by sea. While Western maritime nations rapidly developed through colonial expansion, landlocked (内陆的) nations ______37______ (trap) in a cycle of exploitation and poverty.
Over the past decade, a transformative initiative ______38______(begin) to break this cycle and is revitalizing (振兴) the economies of inland countries. That is the Belt and Road Initiative,_______39_______(establish) in 2013.
These intercontinental railways have greatly reduced trade costs by providing a swift and cost-effective alternative to sea or air freight (货运), thereby driving the ______40______(grow) of global trade.
According to the World Bank the Belt and Road Initiative could reduce global trade costs by as much as 1.8 percent. There are now 86 freight train lines in China that are linked to more than 200 cities in 25 European countries and ______41______(region) and more than 100 cities in Asia, ______42______(cover) almost the entire landmass of Eurasia (欧亚大陆).
The Belt and Road Initiative has attracted the ______43______(participate) of more than three-quarters of countries _______44_______(global), greatly improving the lives of 30 percent of the world’s population. And contrary to _______45_______ some westerners say, the help comes without attached conditions. For China, everything these countries gain from its help is a gain for the world.
【答案】36. largely
37. were trapped
38. has begun
39. established
40. growth 41. regions
42. covering
43. participation
44. globally
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的“一带一路”倡议。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：几个世纪以来，全球化在很大程度上是由海洋形成的。空处应用副词，修饰动词shaped。largely意为“在很大程度上，主要地”。故填largely。
【37题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当西方海洋国家通过殖民扩张迅速发展时，内陆国家却陷入了剥削和贫穷的循环。landlocked nations和trap之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，句子用被动语态。由从句谓语动词developed可知，这里应用一般过去时。主语nations是复数，因此谓语应用复数。故填were trapped。
【38题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，一项变革性的倡议已经开始打破这个循环。由时间状语Over the past decade可知，本句应用现在完成时。主语a transformative initiative表示单数，因此谓语应用单数。故填has begun。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是“一带一路”倡议，成立于2013年。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，作后置定语。逻辑主语the Belt and Road Initiative和establish之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词。故填established。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些洲际铁路为海运或空运提供了一种快速且具有成本效益的替代方案，大大降低了贸易成本，从而推动了全球贸易的增长。根据空前的the可知，空处应用名词。growth意为“增长，发展”，为不可数名词。故填growth。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：目前，中国有86条货运列车线路，连接欧洲25个国家和地区的200多个城市和亚洲的100多个城市，几乎覆盖了整个欧亚大陆。region(地区)为可数名词。根据空前的25 European countries and可知，这里应用名词复数。故填regions。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，逻辑主语86 freight train lines和cover之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，作状语。故填covering。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：“一带一路”倡议吸引了全球超过四分之三的国家参与，极大地改善了世界30%人口的生活。根据空前的the，空处用名词作宾语。此处表示全球超过四分之三的国家参与，空处应用participation，意为“参与”，是不可数名词。故填participation。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意参考上题。空处用副词作状语，global的副词是globally，意为“全球地，全世界地”，故填globally。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：与一些西方人所说相反，这种帮助是没有附加条件的。分析句子结构，空处引导一个宾语从句，且在从句中作say的宾语，所以应用what引导。故填what。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是某英文网站负责人李华，你们网站近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的海报设计大赛，在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息，请你给他回信，内容包括：1. 大赛目的；2. 作品要求；3. 参赛方式。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Freddie,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Freddie,
Exceedingly delighted to know that you intend to participate in the poster design contest themed on ocean protection, I’m writing to inform you of some detailed information.
In a bid to arouse the awareness of marine conservation, the Student Union organizes this contest, where all the students are welcome to submit their entries. Originality, by all means, is the first requirement. Plus, the poster you design should be inspiring and thought-provoking, clearly illustrating the significance of the ocean and the urgency to protect it. Moreover, a powerful slogan is also preferred, which will make your work more persuasive and impressive.
If you are interested, submit your entry before November 10th to English club@. Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给咨询海报设计大赛相关信息的在华交换生Freddie回信，需向他说明大赛目的，描述作品要求和参赛方式。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
打算做：intend to do→plan to do
安排：organize→arrange
重要性：significance→importance
有说服力的：persuasive→convincing
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Originality, by all means, is the first requirement.
拓展句：By all means, it is required that your design should be original.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Exceedingly delighted to know that you intend to participate in the poster design contest themed on ocean protection, I’m writing to inform you of some detailed information. (运用了that引导名词性从句作know的宾语)
[高分句型2] In a bid to arouse the awareness of marine conservation, the Student Union organizes this contest, where all the students are welcome to submit their entries. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] Plus, the poster you design should be inspiring and thought-provoking, clearly illustrating the significance of the ocean and the urgency to protect it. (运用了that或which引导限制性定语从句并被省略)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last April, Jake drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he went back home, Jake’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Jake approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Jake began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a rough mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Jake, driving a four-wheel truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Jake’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Jake was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Jake were a delivery worker named Paul and his friend Tom, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Jake’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Paul quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 所续词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, Paul turned to Tom and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
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Jake was about to thank Paul and Tom when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
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【答案】One possible version:
Next, Paul turned to Tom and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock in hand, he hit the window over and over , but in vain. He didn’t give up easily; instead, he balanced himself, leaned back and threw the rock at the window again with all his strength. Fortunately, this time he made it — the glass broke. To his relief, it didn’t hurt Jake, who reached out for Paul’s hand and was rescued. Without delay, the two men escaped and returned to safety.
Jake was about to thank Paul and Tom when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Jake took out the phone and answered it. “Are you home yet Everything’s good ” His mother’s anxious voice came over. Tears welled up in his eyes on hearing the familiar voice of concern. Jake choked up as he explained what had happened. Hanging up the phone, he thanked Paul and Tom sincerely. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jake开车去看望住在乡下的母亲，在回家的路上遇到意外情况，大雨把他的车冲进了河道，Jack很难打开车门，他受了伤又吓的浑身发抖，认为自己死定了，幸运的是，Jack后面的送货员Paul和他的朋友Tom目睹了这一切，他们迅速采取行动营救Jack。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接着，Paul转向Tom喊道：‘给我一块石头！’”可知，第一段可描写Paul和Tom竭尽所能成功营救Jack的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“Jack正准备感谢Paul和Tom，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写Jack在电话里向母亲解释发生了什么，并向Paul和Tom表示感谢。
2.续写线索：砸车窗——得救——接电话——解释事情经过——表示感谢——心里感到温暖
3.词汇激活
行为类
①成功：make it/succeed
②使受伤，伤到：hurt/injure
③营救，得救：rescue/save
情绪类
①担心：anxious/worried
②感谢：thank/appreciate/show his appreciation/show his gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1] To his relief, it didn’t hurt Jake, who reached out for Paul’s hand and was rescued.（由关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] Jake choked up as he explained what had happened.（由as引导时间状语从句和what引导宾语从句）
[高分句型3] Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.（as引导的让步状语从句的倒装）
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