天津市第三中学2023-2024高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

天津市第三中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、单选题（共15题，每题1分，共15分）
1．（2021·和平模拟）—Could you help me solve this puzzle, Tom
—______________ I'm really not good at this game.
A．Never mind. B．You got me there.
C．It's up to you. D．Sounds a good idea.
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——汤姆，你能帮我解决这个难题吗？——你把我难住了。我真的不擅长这个游戏。A. Never mind.“没关系”；B. You got me there. “你把我难住了”；C. It's up to you. “由你决定”；D. Sounds a good idea. “听起来是个好主意”。根据下文“I'm really not good at this game.”可知，此处指“你把我难住了”。故选B。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分 Never mind.； You got me there.； It's up to you.和 Sounds a good idea.的含义和使用环境。
2． Let's keep to the point or we ____ any decisions.
A．will never reach B．have never reached
C．never reach D．never reached
【答案】A
【知识点】一般将来时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：让我们紧扣主题，否则我们将永远无法做出任何决定。A.will never reach"将不会达到"；B.have never reached"还没有达到"；C.never reach"从未达到"；D.never reached"从未达到"。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是"祈使句+or+陈述句"，陈述句使用一般将来时态。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时以及固定句式"祈使句+or+陈述句"。
3． You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it ____ often enough.
A．explaining B．to explain C．explain D．explained
【答案】D
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：到现在为止你应该能理解交通规则，我已经和你解释足够多次了。本句的it指代the traffic rule，与explain构成被动关系，应用过去分词的形式。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作宾语补足语。
4． The ____ of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavors makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
A．decoration B．construction C．competition D．combination
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration"装饰"；B. construction"建造"；C.competition"竞争"；D.combination"结合"。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的"of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours"可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分decoration；construction；competition和combination的含义。
5． Susan has ____ more than 5,000 dollars in the last three months, with which she can buy new bicycles for those poor children.
A．accelerated B．accompanied C．accumulated D．acknowledged
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Susan在上三个月已经攒了5000多美元，她用这笔钱为那些贫困的孩子买了新自行车。A. accelerated"加速"；B. accompanied"陪伴"；C. accumulated"积累，积攒，堆积，聚积"；D. acknowledged"承认，认可，感谢"。根据下文可知，Susan是积攒了5000多美元。故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分accelerate；accompany；accumulate以及acknowledge的含义。
6．—May I help you？You seem to be having some problems.
—________，thanks. I think I can manage.
A．All right B．No problem
C．It's all right D．There's no way
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】考查交际用语。句意为：——我可以帮助你吗？你好像遇到了一些麻烦。——没事儿，谢谢。我想我能处理好。第一个说话人主动提出为第二个说话人提供帮助，根据答语中的“I think I can manage.”可知，第二个说话人婉言拒绝了，故选C，意为“没事儿，没什么”。
7． Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ____ to the kids.
A．accessible B．relative C．acceptable D．sensitive
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里，以确保孩子们拿不到。A：accessible"可以得到的，可以进入的"；B：relative"相关的"；C：acceptable"可接受的"；D：sensitive"敏感的"。 根据" Frank put the medicine in a top drawer"可知，弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里，以确保孩子们拿不到。be accessible to固定短语，" 为……能够接近"，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分accessible；relative；acceptable和sensitive的含义以及固定短语be accessible to。
8．（2020高三上·河西期中）Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.
A．had made B．have made C．were made D．have been made
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时态的被动语态。
9．（2013·安徽） in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
A．To found B．Founding C．Founded D．Having founded
【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：建立于20世纪初期，这所学校坚持鼓舞孩子们对艺术的爱好。此处过去分词作伴随状语，表示发生过的被动的动作，和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系。结合语境可知选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语的用法。
10．（2023高三上·杨村开学考） In the modern information age, one can't avoid____ by various kinds of advertisements.
A．surrounded B．surrounding
C．being surrounded D．to be surrounded
【答案】C
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在现代化信息时代，一个人不能避免被各种各样的广告包围。 avoid 后接动名词作宾语， surround 与主语one在逻辑上是动宾关系，由于动名词的被动式。故选C。
【点评】可曾非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词的被动式作宾语。
11． — Have you heard that Space X sent a Tesla car into space
— Yes. ____ they have achieved is amazing.
A．Where B．What C．That D．How
【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——你听说Space X公司把一辆特斯拉汽车送上太空了吗？——是的。他们所取得的成就是惊人的。 ____ they have achieved 式主语从句，且在句中作宾语，应用what，指代"他们所取得的成就"。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。
12．（2020高二上·静海期末）No student ______go out of school after eleven o'clock at night without the teacher's permission.
A．will B．must C．may D．shall
【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：没有老师的允许，没有学生在晚上11点后可以出教室。A. will“愿意”；B. must“必须”；C. may“也许”；D. shall“允诺”。shall可以用于第二，第三人称表示“规定，命令，警告，允诺”。根据句意可知，选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分will； must； may和 shall 的含义和应用。
13． The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.
A．for which B．in which C．at which D．on which
【答案】B
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我的学生在新年晚会上表演的英语剧很成功。 ____ my students acted at the New Year's party 是限制性定语从句，根据句子意思需选择介词in，从而构成act in the play。关系代词在此是指English play，指物，应用in which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及in which引导的限制性定语从句。
14． I had just nodded off to sleep ____ I was woken up by an almighty crash from their house.
A．when B．what C．why D．that
【答案】A
【知识点】时间状语从句；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：我刚睡着，就被他们房子发出的一声巨响吵醒了。此处为句型had just done when...，表示：刚完成一件事，突然发生了另一件事 。故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及when引导的时间状语从句以及固定句型had just done when...。
15． The witnesses ____by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A．being questioned B．questioned
C．having questioned D．to be questioned
【答案】B
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：刚才被警察询问的目击者对那次打斗的描述截然不同。根据分析句子成分可知，该句子的谓语是 gave ，其主语The witnesses和question是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
二、完形填空(共15题，每题1分，共15分）
完形填空
Mr.Robinson had to travel somewhere on business,and as he was in a hurry,he decided to go by 16． .He liked sitting 17． a window when he was flying,so he got onto the plane,he looked for a window seat.He 18． all of them taken except one.There was a young man sitting beside it,and Robinson was 19． that he had not taken the one by the window.Anyhow,he went towards it.
When he 20． it,however,he saw that there was a notice on it,written 21． large letters, 22． "This seat is kept for proper balance.Thank you."Mr.Robinson had never seen such a notice before ,but he thought the plane must be carrying something particularly heavy in its room 23． made it necessary to have the passengers probably balance.So he walked on and found 24． empty seat,not beside the window 25． .Two or three other people 26． to sit in the window seat next to the young man，but they also read the notice and went on.
Then when the plane was nearly 27． ,a very beautiful girl 28． into the plane.The young man,who was watching the passengers coming in, 29． took the notice 30． the seat beside him,and by this means,he succeeded in having a pretty companion during the whole trip.
16．A． air B． water C． train D． bus
17．A． on B． nearly C． beside D． far from
18．A． wanted B． found C． thought D． hoped
19．A． surprised B． surprising C． amusing D． amused
20．A． arrived B． sat on C． reached D． left
21．A． through B． by C． with D． in
22．A． said B． saying C． spoken D． speaking
23．A． and B． this C． who D． which
24．A． another B． other C． the other D． the only
25．A． to sit B． to be sat
C． to sit on D． to be sat in
26．A． stuck B． tried C． managed D． refused
27．A． empty B． full C． up D． down
28．A． reached B． stepped C． entered D． left
29．A． quickly B． fast C． slowly D． soon
30．A． onto B． away C． off D． up
【答案】16．A；17．C；18．B；19．A；20．C；21．D；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．B；28．B；29．A；30．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在飞机上找座位的时候，遇到一位士兵旁边有个空位置，他想坐在旁边，但是临窗的座位上有一个警告，上面写着：此座留着是为了保持飞机平衡， 只好作罢。又有几个乘客看到空座走了过去，但看到纸条后都离开了。这时，上来一个年轻漂亮的女士，旁边的年轻人就把纸条拿掉了。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，代词，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：鲁滨逊先生不得不出差去某地，由于时间仓促，他决定乘飞机去。A. air"飞机"；B. water"水"；C. train"火车"；D. bus"公共汽车"。因为下文叙述的是飞机上发生的事情。by air=by plane，"乘飞机"。故选A。
17．句意：他喜欢坐飞机时靠窗的座位，所以他上了飞机，找了一个靠窗的座位。 A. on"在……上"； B. nearly"将近"；C. beside"在……旁边"；D. far from"远离"。根据空后"he looked for a window seat."可知，他喜欢靠窗户的座位。故选C。
18．句意：他发现除了一个座位以外，都坐满了人。A. wanted"想要"；B. found"发现"；C. thought "认为"；D. hoped"希望"。此处表示结果，与上句的look for相呼应。故选B。
19．句意：有一个年轻人坐在它旁边，罗宾森很惊讶他没有坐靠窗的那个座位。 A. surprised"惊讶的"； B. surprising"令人惊讶的"；C. amusing"有趣的"；D.amused"好笑的"。根据常识，人们爱坐靠窗位置，故年轻人没有坐靠窗的那个座位让鲁滨逊很惊讶。故选A。
20．句意：然而，当他到达座位时，他看到座位上有一个通知，用大字写着："此座位保持适当平衡。谢谢你。"A. arrived"到达"； B. sat on"坐下"；C. reached"到达"； D. left"离开"。根据语境可知，此处指到达座位。故选C。
21．句意：然而，当他到达座位时，他看到座位上有一个通知，用大字写着："此座位保持适当平衡。谢谢你。"A. through"通过"； B. by"凭借"；C. with"和"； D. in"用……语言"。in large letters固定短语，"用大写字母"。故选D。
22．句意：写到：然而，当他到达座位时，他看到座位上有一个通知，用大字写着："此座位保持适当平衡。谢谢你。"A. said"写着"；过去式； B. saying"写着"，现在分词；C. spoken"说"，过去分词；D. speaking"说"，现在分词。这里该用现在分词表示伴随动作。表示"写着"可以使用动词say，而speak则指"说"的动作，常接语言类的名词，故不选D。故选B。
23．句意：但他认为飞机一定是在房间里装了特别重的东西，这使乘客必须适当地平衡。A. and"并且"；B. this"这个"；C. who定语从句关系词，指代人；D. which定语从句关系词，指代物。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词something particularly heavy，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故选D。
24．句意：于是他继续往前走，找到了另一个空位，不是靠窗的座位。A. another"另一个"，加单数名词；B. other"其他的"，加复数名词； C. the other"（两个中）另一个，其他的"；D. the only"唯一"。根据语境可知，此处应用another表泛指"另一个"。故选A。
25．句意：于是他继续往前走，找到了另一个空位，不是靠窗的座位。A. to sit"坐"，不定式；B. to be sat没有被动语态；C. to sit on"坐上"，不定式；D. to be sat in没有被动语态。此处不定式to sit用作定语，应与被修饰的名词seat构成动宾关系，而sit却是不及物动词，必须加上介词on。故选C。
26．句意：两个或三个其他的人试图坐在年轻人旁边的靠窗座位上。A. stuck"卡住"；B. tried"试图"；C. manged"设法"；D. refused"拒绝"。try只表示设法去做某事，而不表示是否做成；manage却表示设法做成了某事。由本句末的"but they also read the notice and went on"得知，大家试图坐在那里。故选B。
27．句意：然而，当飞机几乎满了的时候，一个非常漂亮的女孩走了进来。A. empty"空的"；B. full"满的"； C. up"在高处"； D. down"在低处的"。随着情节的发展，飞机上的人越来越多，快要"满了"，所以用full。故选B。
28．句意：当飞机快满时，一个非常漂亮的女孩走进了飞机。A. reached"到达"；B. stepped"举步"；C. entered"进入"；D. left"离开"。step into固定短语，"走进"，故选B。
29．句意：那个年轻人看着乘客们走进来，很快地把通知从他旁边的座位上拿了下来，通过这种方式，他成功地在整个旅途中找到了一个漂亮的伴侣。A. quickly"快地"；B. fast"快速地"；C. slowly"慢地"；D. soon"不久"。quickly表示"立刻行动，毫不迟延"用于此处符合the man 的心境，也大大地增强了文章的幽默感。fast表示的是某个物体的移动速度很快，不符合语境。故选A。
30．句意：那个年轻人看着乘客们走进来，很快地把通知从他旁边的座位上拿了下来，通过这种方式，他成功地在整个旅途中找到了一个漂亮的伴侣。A. onto"上面"；B. away"离开"；C. off"下来"；D. up"上面"。根据"and by this means, he succeeded in having a pretty companion during the whole trip."可知，年轻人拿下那个布告，放在靠窗座位上，take...off固定短语，"把……从……取下"，故选C。
三、阅读理解(共15题，每题2分，共30分)
（2022·全国乙卷）阅读理解
Henry Raeburn（1756-1823）
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn's English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10 JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn's Portraits Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist's Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10 MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00—17.45 Sunday 12.00—17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24—26 December and 1 January.
Admission
4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
31．What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries
A．Sun. 26 Oct. B．Thurs. 30 Oct.
C．Thurs. 6 Nov. D．Thurs. 13 Nov.
32．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A． 4. B． 8. C． 12. D． 16.
33．How can full-time students get group discounts
A．They should go on Sunday mornings.
B．They should come from art schools.
C．They must be led by teachers.
D．They must have ID cards with them.
【答案】31．B
32．B
33．C
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家 Henry Raeburn 而举行的展览的相关情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
31．考查细节理解。根据Raeburn's English Contemporaries一栏中的“Thursday 30 Oct. ”10月30日星期四”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn's English Contemporaries。故选B。
32．考查数字计算。根据Admission部分中的“ 4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.”4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。可知，一对夫妇应付 4x2= 8，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据 Schools and Colleges 部分中的“A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.”所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C。
阅读理解
After a busy day of work and play,the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time,the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.
There are four levels of sleep,each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep,your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly,and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level,your body adjusts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.
Although your mind slows down,from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs,your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM,which stands for rapid eye movement.
If you have trouble falling asleep,some people recommend breathing very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!
34．A good title for this passage is ____.
A．Sleep B．Dreams
C．Good Health D．Work and Rest
35．The underlined word "drowsy" in the last paragraph means ____.
A．sick B．asleep
C．stand up D．a little sleepy
36．This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you ____.
A．dream more often B．have poor health
C．nervous D．breathe quickly
37．During REM,____.
A．your eyes move quickly B．you dream
C．you are restless D．both A and B
【答案】34．A
35．D
36．B
37．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了睡眠的四个深浅程度以及各自的特征和几个有助于睡眠的方法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
34．考查标题归纳。根据第二段中的"There are four levels of sleep,each being a little deeper than the one before."这里有四个层次的睡眠，每一个都比前一个更深一点；以及下文可知，本文介绍了睡眠的四个深浅程度以及各自的特征和几个有助于睡眠的方法。"睡眠"适合做文章的标题。故选A。
35．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!"另一些人认为喝热牛奶会让你drowsy。还有一个古老的说法是，数羊会让你睡着。可知，此处在讲述有助于睡眠的方法。可推知，喝牛奶有助于睡眠，会让你昏昏欲睡，划线词drowsy与a little sleepy"有点困意"意思一致。故选D。
36．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Sleep is necessary for good health."睡眠对身体健康是必要的，可推知，睡眠不足可能会让你身体不好。故选B。
37．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs,your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM."研究睡眠的科学家指出，当你做梦时，你的眼球开始更快地移动(尽管你的眼皮是闭着的)。这个睡眠阶段被称为快速眼动。可知，快速眼动阶段是在做梦，并且眼球会转动。故选D。
阅读理解
Sightseeing In London
Worried about the time available. Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.
There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666 looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London.The Tower of London Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!
The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line which is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.
The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.
The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen " she wondered as she fell asleep.
38．What is the great surprise to ZhangPingyu while visiting the Tower
A．The shape of the tower. B．A royal palace.
C．The guards' uniform. D．The Queen's jewels.
39．Which is NOT the place ZhangPingyu visited on the first day
A．The Tower. B．St Paul's Cathedral.
C．Big Ben. D．Greenwich.
40．Tourists to the British Museum in London may enjoy all the following EXCEPT ____.
A．Karl Marx's works B．Karl Marx's reading room
C．treasure of different cultures D．Chinese pots
41．Where will Pingyu go the next day
A．Windsor Castle. B．Karl Marx's statue.
C．Greenwich. D．Buckingham Palace.
【答案】38．C
39．D
40．B
41．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过张平宇的视角介绍了伦敦几处著名的旅游景点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
38．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I. "令张平宇大为吃惊的是，她发现女王的珠宝由专门的皇家士兵看守，在特殊的场合，这些士兵仍然穿着400年前女王伊丽莎白一世时代的制服。可知，张平宇最大的惊喜是守卫女王珠宝的士兵穿着400年前女王伊丽莎白一世时代的制服，故选C。
39．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Her first delight was going to the Tower."她的第一个乐趣是去看塔；第二段中的"There followed St Paul's Cathedral"接下来是圣保罗大教堂；"Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. (就在她走出修道院的时候，平宇听到了著名的大本钟报时的声音；以及第三段中的"The second day the girl visited Greenwich "第二天，女孩参观了格林威治。可知，第一天张平宇参观了塔、圣保罗大教堂和大本钟，而格林威治是她第二天去参观的，故选D。
40．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country. "最后一天，她参观了海格特公墓的卡尔·马克思雕像。这个发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活和去世，这似乎很奇怪。不仅如此，他还曾在大英博物馆图书馆著名的阅览室工作过。遗憾的是，图书馆已经从原来的地方搬到了另一栋楼里，原来的阅览室也不见了。但她被博物馆里展示的这么多来自不同文化的珍品惊呆了。当她看到许多游客在欣赏展出的美丽的中国古壶和其他物品时，她感到非常自豪。可知，卡尔 马克思曾在大英博物馆图书馆的著名阅览室工作，后来图书馆搬走了，旧阅览室也不见了。可推断，在伦敦大英博物馆游客看不到卡尔 马克思的阅览室了。故选B。
41．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle."第二天，平宇要离开伦敦前往温莎城堡。可推知，第二天，平宇会去温莎城堡。故选A。
阅读理解
Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera. All they have to so is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises,no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one's sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives.
People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and that they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn't it
There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.
42．What is the main purpose of paragraph 1
A．To arouse the reader's concern.
B．To introduce the topic sentence of the whole passage.
C．To summarize the whole passage.
D．To state the primary uses of TV.
43．Television,as a source of entertainment, is ____.
A．not very convenient B．very expensive
C．quite dangerous D．very cheap
44．One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ____.
A．it keeps us informed
B．it is not very cheap
C．it enables us to have a rest
D．it controls our lives
45．According to the last paragraph, whether TV is good or not depends on ____.
A．its quality B．people's attitude towards it
C．its value D．when we use it
【答案】42．B
43．D
44．A
45．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了电视的优点和缺点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
42．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages."显然，电视既有优点也有缺点；及下文论述可知，文章主要讨论的是电视的优点和缺点。可推知，第一段的主要目的是介绍整篇文章的主题。故选B。
43．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In the first place,television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one."首先，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐来源，而且相对便宜。可知，作为娱乐的一种来源，电视相对便宜。故选D。
44．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics."人们常说，电视使人们了解科学和政治方面的时事和最新发展。可知，电视最明显的优势之一是它让我们随时了解情况。故选A。
45．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to the society."我们必须认识到电视本身没有好坏之分。它的用途决定了它对社会的价值。可推知，电视是否好取决于我们如何使用它，即人们对它的态度。故选B。
四、书面表达(满分 25 分)
46．假如你叫李华，你的一个在外地读书的同学张力给你写信，向你诉说他最近因为身体不好而影响学习的情况，并且坦言自己平时学习忙，很少锻炼。请根据这样情况给他写一封建议信，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好词学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Zhang li,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Zhang Li,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now. It is understandable that your illness has affected your studies recently since a healthy body is the foundation of good study habits. I can imagine the difficulties you have gone through during this period.
However, I want you to know that exercise is an important part of maintaining good health, which will also help improve your study efficiency. Exercise can help improve your physical condition, enhance your immunity and make you more energetic. Therefore, I suggest you find some time to exercise regularly, such as taking a walk after breakfast every day or doing some stretching exercises before going to bed. These simple exercises can help improve your physical condition and study efficiency. Remember, a healthy body is the source of all your efforts. Once you have a healthy body, you can achieve more in your studies. I believe that through regular exercise, you will soon recover your health and make greater progress in your studies.
I wish you a speedy recovery and better health! If you have any questions or need any help, please feel free to contact me. I am always here to support and encourage you.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【知识点】文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封建议信，鼓励张力积极锻炼身体，从而为更好词学习打下基础。写作背景：你的一个在外地读书的同学张力给你写信，向你诉说他最近因为身体不好而影响学习的情况，并且坦言自己平时学习忙，很少锻炼。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：You have studied so hard that you have had no time for exercise.运用了结果状语从句； But it is really harmful to your health.运用了it作形式主语；I feel it would be more beneficial to you health if you could take more exercise in future.运用了宾语从句，It作形式主语，条件状语从句；Firstly, taking exercise can improve your physical condition by building up your muscles and bones. 运用了动名词短语作主语；Besides, your stress will be released and you'll have a good mood.运用了并列句，被动语态； Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill. 运用了时间状语从句，倒装句；Otherwise your study will be interrupted from time to time by sickness.运用了被动语态；Therefore, I suggest that you take at least one hour's exercise every day from now on. 运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气；I would be more than glad to see you will be healthier and happier.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句。
天津市第三中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、单选题（共15题，每题1分，共15分）
1．（2021·和平模拟）—Could you help me solve this puzzle, Tom
—______________ I'm really not good at this game.
A．Never mind. B．You got me there.
C．It's up to you. D．Sounds a good idea.
2． Let's keep to the point or we ____ any decisions.
A．will never reach B．have never reached
C．never reach D．never reached
3． You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it ____ often enough.
A．explaining B．to explain C．explain D．explained
4． The ____ of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavors makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
A．decoration B．construction C．competition D．combination
5． Susan has ____ more than 5,000 dollars in the last three months, with which she can buy new bicycles for those poor children.
A．accelerated B．accompanied C．accumulated D．acknowledged
6．—May I help you？You seem to be having some problems.
—________，thanks. I think I can manage.
A．All right B．No problem
C．It's all right D．There's no way
7． Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ____ to the kids.
A．accessible B．relative C．acceptable D．sensitive
8．（2020高三上·河西期中）Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.
A．had made B．have made C．were made D．have been made
9．（2013·安徽） in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
A．To found B．Founding C．Founded D．Having founded
10．（2023高三上·杨村开学考） In the modern information age, one can't avoid____ by various kinds of advertisements.
A．surrounded B．surrounding
C．being surrounded D．to be surrounded
11． — Have you heard that Space X sent a Tesla car into space
— Yes. ____ they have achieved is amazing.
A．Where B．What C．That D．How
12．（2020高二上·静海期末）No student ______go out of school after eleven o'clock at night without the teacher's permission.
A．will B．must C．may D．shall
13． The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.
A．for which B．in which C．at which D．on which
14． I had just nodded off to sleep ____ I was woken up by an almighty crash from their house.
A．when B．what C．why D．that
15． The witnesses ____by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A．being questioned B．questioned
C．having questioned D．to be questioned
二、完形填空(共15题，每题1分，共15分）
完形填空
Mr.Robinson had to travel somewhere on business,and as he was in a hurry,he decided to go by 16． .He liked sitting 17． a window when he was flying,so he got onto the plane,he looked for a window seat.He 18． all of them taken except one.There was a young man sitting beside it,and Robinson was 19． that he had not taken the one by the window.Anyhow,he went towards it.
When he 20． it,however,he saw that there was a notice on it,written 21． large letters, 22． "This seat is kept for proper balance.Thank you."Mr.Robinson had never seen such a notice before ,but he thought the plane must be carrying something particularly heavy in its room 23． made it necessary to have the passengers probably balance.So he walked on and found 24． empty seat,not beside the window 25． .Two or three other people 26． to sit in the window seat next to the young man，but they also read the notice and went on.
Then when the plane was nearly 27． ,a very beautiful girl 28． into the plane.The young man,who was watching the passengers coming in, 29． took the notice 30． the seat beside him,and by this means,he succeeded in having a pretty companion during the whole trip.
16．A． air B． water C． train D． bus
17．A． on B． nearly C． beside D． far from
18．A． wanted B． found C． thought D． hoped
19．A． surprised B． surprising C． amusing D． amused
20．A． arrived B． sat on C． reached D． left
21．A． through B． by C． with D． in
22．A． said B． saying C． spoken D． speaking
23．A． and B． this C． who D． which
24．A． another B． other C． the other D． the only
25．A． to sit B． to be sat
C． to sit on D． to be sat in
26．A． stuck B． tried C． managed D． refused
27．A． empty B． full C． up D． down
28．A． reached B． stepped C． entered D． left
29．A． quickly B． fast C． slowly D． soon
30．A． onto B． away C． off D． up
三、阅读理解(共15题，每题2分，共30分)
（2022·全国乙卷）阅读理解
Henry Raeburn（1756-1823）
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn's English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10 JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn's Portraits Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist's Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10 MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00—17.45 Sunday 12.00—17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24—26 December and 1 January.
Admission
4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
31．What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries
A．Sun. 26 Oct. B．Thurs. 30 Oct.
C．Thurs. 6 Nov. D．Thurs. 13 Nov.
32．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A． 4. B． 8. C． 12. D． 16.
33．How can full-time students get group discounts
A．They should go on Sunday mornings.
B．They should come from art schools.
C．They must be led by teachers.
D．They must have ID cards with them.
阅读理解
After a busy day of work and play,the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time,the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.
There are four levels of sleep,each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep,your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly,and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level,your body adjusts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.
Although your mind slows down,from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs,your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM,which stands for rapid eye movement.
If you have trouble falling asleep,some people recommend breathing very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!
34．A good title for this passage is ____.
A．Sleep B．Dreams
C．Good Health D．Work and Rest
35．The underlined word "drowsy" in the last paragraph means ____.
A．sick B．asleep
C．stand up D．a little sleepy
36．This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you ____.
A．dream more often B．have poor health
C．nervous D．breathe quickly
37．During REM,____.
A．your eyes move quickly B．you dream
C．you are restless D．both A and B
阅读理解
Sightseeing In London
Worried about the time available. Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.
There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666 looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London.The Tower of London Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!
The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line which is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.
The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.
The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen " she wondered as she fell asleep.
38．What is the great surprise to ZhangPingyu while visiting the Tower
A．The shape of the tower. B．A royal palace.
C．The guards' uniform. D．The Queen's jewels.
39．Which is NOT the place ZhangPingyu visited on the first day
A．The Tower. B．St Paul's Cathedral.
C．Big Ben. D．Greenwich.
40．Tourists to the British Museum in London may enjoy all the following EXCEPT ____.
A．Karl Marx's works B．Karl Marx's reading room
C．treasure of different cultures D．Chinese pots
41．Where will Pingyu go the next day
A．Windsor Castle. B．Karl Marx's statue.
C．Greenwich. D．Buckingham Palace.
阅读理解
Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera. All they have to so is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises,no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one's sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives.
People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and that they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn't it
There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.
42．What is the main purpose of paragraph 1
A．To arouse the reader's concern.
B．To introduce the topic sentence of the whole passage.
C．To summarize the whole passage.
D．To state the primary uses of TV.
43．Television,as a source of entertainment, is ____.
A．not very convenient B．very expensive
C．quite dangerous D．very cheap
44．One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ____.
A．it keeps us informed
B．it is not very cheap
C．it enables us to have a rest
D．it controls our lives
45．According to the last paragraph, whether TV is good or not depends on ____.
A．its quality B．people's attitude towards it
C．its value D．when we use it
四、书面表达(满分 25 分)
46．假如你叫李华，你的一个在外地读书的同学张力给你写信，向你诉说他最近因为身体不好而影响学习的情况，并且坦言自己平时学习忙，很少锻炼。请根据这样情况给他写一封建议信，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好词学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Zhang li,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——汤姆，你能帮我解决这个难题吗？——你把我难住了。我真的不擅长这个游戏。A. Never mind.“没关系”；B. You got me there. “你把我难住了”；C. It's up to you. “由你决定”；D. Sounds a good idea. “听起来是个好主意”。根据下文“I'm really not good at this game.”可知，此处指“你把我难住了”。故选B。
【点评】考查交际用语，区分 Never mind.； You got me there.； It's up to you.和 Sounds a good idea.的含义和使用环境。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】一般将来时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：让我们紧扣主题，否则我们将永远无法做出任何决定。A.will never reach"将不会达到"；B.have never reached"还没有达到"；C.never reach"从未达到"；D.never reached"从未达到"。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是"祈使句+or+陈述句"，陈述句使用一般将来时态。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时以及固定句式"祈使句+or+陈述句"。
3．【答案】D
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：到现在为止你应该能理解交通规则，我已经和你解释足够多次了。本句的it指代the traffic rule，与explain构成被动关系，应用过去分词的形式。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作宾语补足语。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration"装饰"；B. construction"建造"；C.competition"竞争"；D.combination"结合"。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的"of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours"可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分decoration；construction；competition和combination的含义。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：Susan在上三个月已经攒了5000多美元，她用这笔钱为那些贫困的孩子买了新自行车。A. accelerated"加速"；B. accompanied"陪伴"；C. accumulated"积累，积攒，堆积，聚积"；D. acknowledged"承认，认可，感谢"。根据下文可知，Susan是积攒了5000多美元。故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分accelerate；accompany；accumulate以及acknowledge的含义。
6．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】考查交际用语。句意为：——我可以帮助你吗？你好像遇到了一些麻烦。——没事儿，谢谢。我想我能处理好。第一个说话人主动提出为第二个说话人提供帮助，根据答语中的“I think I can manage.”可知，第二个说话人婉言拒绝了，故选C，意为“没事儿，没什么”。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里，以确保孩子们拿不到。A：accessible"可以得到的，可以进入的"；B：relative"相关的"；C：acceptable"可接受的"；D：sensitive"敏感的"。 根据" Frank put the medicine in a top drawer"可知，弗兰克把药放在最上面的抽屉里，以确保孩子们拿不到。be accessible to固定短语，" 为……能够接近"，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分accessible；relative；acceptable和sensitive的含义以及固定短语be accessible to。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时态的被动语态。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：建立于20世纪初期，这所学校坚持鼓舞孩子们对艺术的爱好。此处过去分词作伴随状语，表示发生过的被动的动作，和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系。结合语境可知选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语的用法。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在现代化信息时代，一个人不能避免被各种各样的广告包围。 avoid 后接动名词作宾语， surround 与主语one在逻辑上是动宾关系，由于动名词的被动式。故选C。
【点评】可曾非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词的被动式作宾语。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——你听说Space X公司把一辆特斯拉汽车送上太空了吗？——是的。他们所取得的成就是惊人的。 ____ they have achieved 式主语从句，且在句中作宾语，应用what，指代"他们所取得的成就"。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。
12．【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：没有老师的允许，没有学生在晚上11点后可以出教室。A. will“愿意”；B. must“必须”；C. may“也许”；D. shall“允诺”。shall可以用于第二，第三人称表示“规定，命令，警告，允诺”。根据句意可知，选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分will； must； may和 shall 的含义和应用。
13．【答案】B
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我的学生在新年晚会上表演的英语剧很成功。 ____ my students acted at the New Year's party 是限制性定语从句，根据句子意思需选择介词in，从而构成act in the play。关系代词在此是指English play，指物，应用in which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及in which引导的限制性定语从句。
14．【答案】A
【知识点】时间状语从句；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：我刚睡着，就被他们房子发出的一声巨响吵醒了。此处为句型had just done when...，表示：刚完成一件事，突然发生了另一件事 。故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及when引导的时间状语从句以及固定句型had just done when...。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：刚才被警察询问的目击者对那次打斗的描述截然不同。根据分析句子成分可知，该句子的谓语是 gave ，其主语The witnesses和question是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
【答案】16．A；17．C；18．B；19．A；20．C；21．D；22．B；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．B；28．B；29．A；30．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在飞机上找座位的时候，遇到一位士兵旁边有个空位置，他想坐在旁边，但是临窗的座位上有一个警告，上面写着：此座留着是为了保持飞机平衡， 只好作罢。又有几个乘客看到空座走了过去，但看到纸条后都离开了。这时，上来一个年轻漂亮的女士，旁边的年轻人就把纸条拿掉了。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，代词，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：鲁滨逊先生不得不出差去某地，由于时间仓促，他决定乘飞机去。A. air"飞机"；B. water"水"；C. train"火车"；D. bus"公共汽车"。因为下文叙述的是飞机上发生的事情。by air=by plane，"乘飞机"。故选A。
17．句意：他喜欢坐飞机时靠窗的座位，所以他上了飞机，找了一个靠窗的座位。 A. on"在……上"； B. nearly"将近"；C. beside"在……旁边"；D. far from"远离"。根据空后"he looked for a window seat."可知，他喜欢靠窗户的座位。故选C。
18．句意：他发现除了一个座位以外，都坐满了人。A. wanted"想要"；B. found"发现"；C. thought "认为"；D. hoped"希望"。此处表示结果，与上句的look for相呼应。故选B。
19．句意：有一个年轻人坐在它旁边，罗宾森很惊讶他没有坐靠窗的那个座位。 A. surprised"惊讶的"； B. surprising"令人惊讶的"；C. amusing"有趣的"；D.amused"好笑的"。根据常识，人们爱坐靠窗位置，故年轻人没有坐靠窗的那个座位让鲁滨逊很惊讶。故选A。
20．句意：然而，当他到达座位时，他看到座位上有一个通知，用大字写着："此座位保持适当平衡。谢谢你。"A. arrived"到达"； B. sat on"坐下"；C. reached"到达"； D. left"离开"。根据语境可知，此处指到达座位。故选C。
21．句意：然而，当他到达座位时，他看到座位上有一个通知，用大字写着："此座位保持适当平衡。谢谢你。"A. through"通过"； B. by"凭借"；C. with"和"； D. in"用……语言"。in large letters固定短语，"用大写字母"。故选D。
22．句意：写到：然而，当他到达座位时，他看到座位上有一个通知，用大字写着："此座位保持适当平衡。谢谢你。"A. said"写着"；过去式； B. saying"写着"，现在分词；C. spoken"说"，过去分词；D. speaking"说"，现在分词。这里该用现在分词表示伴随动作。表示"写着"可以使用动词say，而speak则指"说"的动作，常接语言类的名词，故不选D。故选B。
23．句意：但他认为飞机一定是在房间里装了特别重的东西，这使乘客必须适当地平衡。A. and"并且"；B. this"这个"；C. who定语从句关系词，指代人；D. which定语从句关系词，指代物。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词something particularly heavy，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故选D。
24．句意：于是他继续往前走，找到了另一个空位，不是靠窗的座位。A. another"另一个"，加单数名词；B. other"其他的"，加复数名词； C. the other"（两个中）另一个，其他的"；D. the only"唯一"。根据语境可知，此处应用another表泛指"另一个"。故选A。
25．句意：于是他继续往前走，找到了另一个空位，不是靠窗的座位。A. to sit"坐"，不定式；B. to be sat没有被动语态；C. to sit on"坐上"，不定式；D. to be sat in没有被动语态。此处不定式to sit用作定语，应与被修饰的名词seat构成动宾关系，而sit却是不及物动词，必须加上介词on。故选C。
26．句意：两个或三个其他的人试图坐在年轻人旁边的靠窗座位上。A. stuck"卡住"；B. tried"试图"；C. manged"设法"；D. refused"拒绝"。try只表示设法去做某事，而不表示是否做成；manage却表示设法做成了某事。由本句末的"but they also read the notice and went on"得知，大家试图坐在那里。故选B。
27．句意：然而，当飞机几乎满了的时候，一个非常漂亮的女孩走了进来。A. empty"空的"；B. full"满的"； C. up"在高处"； D. down"在低处的"。随着情节的发展，飞机上的人越来越多，快要"满了"，所以用full。故选B。
28．句意：当飞机快满时，一个非常漂亮的女孩走进了飞机。A. reached"到达"；B. stepped"举步"；C. entered"进入"；D. left"离开"。step into固定短语，"走进"，故选B。
29．句意：那个年轻人看着乘客们走进来，很快地把通知从他旁边的座位上拿了下来，通过这种方式，他成功地在整个旅途中找到了一个漂亮的伴侣。A. quickly"快地"；B. fast"快速地"；C. slowly"慢地"；D. soon"不久"。quickly表示"立刻行动，毫不迟延"用于此处符合the man 的心境，也大大地增强了文章的幽默感。fast表示的是某个物体的移动速度很快，不符合语境。故选A。
30．句意：那个年轻人看着乘客们走进来，很快地把通知从他旁边的座位上拿了下来，通过这种方式，他成功地在整个旅途中找到了一个漂亮的伴侣。A. onto"上面"；B. away"离开"；C. off"下来"；D. up"上面"。根据"and by this means, he succeeded in having a pretty companion during the whole trip."可知，年轻人拿下那个布告，放在靠窗座位上，take...off固定短语，"把……从……取下"，故选C。
【答案】31．B
32．B
33．C
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家 Henry Raeburn 而举行的展览的相关情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
31．考查细节理解。根据Raeburn's English Contemporaries一栏中的“Thursday 30 Oct. ”10月30日星期四”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn's English Contemporaries。故选B。
32．考查数字计算。根据Admission部分中的“ 4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.”4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。可知，一对夫妇应付 4x2= 8，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据 Schools and Colleges 部分中的“A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.”所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C。
【答案】34．A
35．D
36．B
37．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了睡眠的四个深浅程度以及各自的特征和几个有助于睡眠的方法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
34．考查标题归纳。根据第二段中的"There are four levels of sleep,each being a little deeper than the one before."这里有四个层次的睡眠，每一个都比前一个更深一点；以及下文可知，本文介绍了睡眠的四个深浅程度以及各自的特征和几个有助于睡眠的方法。"睡眠"适合做文章的标题。故选A。
35．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!"另一些人认为喝热牛奶会让你drowsy。还有一个古老的说法是，数羊会让你睡着。可知，此处在讲述有助于睡眠的方法。可推知，喝牛奶有助于睡眠，会让你昏昏欲睡，划线词drowsy与a little sleepy"有点困意"意思一致。故选D。
36．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Sleep is necessary for good health."睡眠对身体健康是必要的，可推知，睡眠不足可能会让你身体不好。故选B。
37．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs,your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM."研究睡眠的科学家指出，当你做梦时，你的眼球开始更快地移动(尽管你的眼皮是闭着的)。这个睡眠阶段被称为快速眼动。可知，快速眼动阶段是在做梦，并且眼球会转动。故选D。
【答案】38．C
39．D
40．B
41．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过张平宇的视角介绍了伦敦几处著名的旅游景点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
38．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I. "令张平宇大为吃惊的是，她发现女王的珠宝由专门的皇家士兵看守，在特殊的场合，这些士兵仍然穿着400年前女王伊丽莎白一世时代的制服。可知，张平宇最大的惊喜是守卫女王珠宝的士兵穿着400年前女王伊丽莎白一世时代的制服，故选C。
39．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Her first delight was going to the Tower."她的第一个乐趣是去看塔；第二段中的"There followed St Paul's Cathedral"接下来是圣保罗大教堂；"Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. (就在她走出修道院的时候，平宇听到了著名的大本钟报时的声音；以及第三段中的"The second day the girl visited Greenwich "第二天，女孩参观了格林威治。可知，第一天张平宇参观了塔、圣保罗大教堂和大本钟，而格林威治是她第二天去参观的，故选D。
40．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country. "最后一天，她参观了海格特公墓的卡尔·马克思雕像。这个发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活和去世，这似乎很奇怪。不仅如此，他还曾在大英博物馆图书馆著名的阅览室工作过。遗憾的是，图书馆已经从原来的地方搬到了另一栋楼里，原来的阅览室也不见了。但她被博物馆里展示的这么多来自不同文化的珍品惊呆了。当她看到许多游客在欣赏展出的美丽的中国古壶和其他物品时，她感到非常自豪。可知，卡尔 马克思曾在大英博物馆图书馆的著名阅览室工作，后来图书馆搬走了，旧阅览室也不见了。可推断，在伦敦大英博物馆游客看不到卡尔 马克思的阅览室了。故选B。
41．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle."第二天，平宇要离开伦敦前往温莎城堡。可推知，第二天，平宇会去温莎城堡。故选A。
【答案】42．B
43．D
44．A
45．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了电视的优点和缺点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
42．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages."显然，电视既有优点也有缺点；及下文论述可知，文章主要讨论的是电视的优点和缺点。可推知，第一段的主要目的是介绍整篇文章的主题。故选B。
43．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In the first place,television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one."首先，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐来源，而且相对便宜。可知，作为娱乐的一种来源，电视相对便宜。故选D。
44．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics."人们常说，电视使人们了解科学和政治方面的时事和最新发展。可知，电视最明显的优势之一是它让我们随时了解情况。故选A。
45．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to the society."我们必须认识到电视本身没有好坏之分。它的用途决定了它对社会的价值。可推知，电视是否好取决于我们如何使用它，即人们对它的态度。故选B。
46．【答案】Dear Zhang Li,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now. It is understandable that your illness has affected your studies recently since a healthy body is the foundation of good study habits. I can imagine the difficulties you have gone through during this period.
However, I want you to know that exercise is an important part of maintaining good health, which will also help improve your study efficiency. Exercise can help improve your physical condition, enhance your immunity and make you more energetic. Therefore, I suggest you find some time to exercise regularly, such as taking a walk after breakfast every day or doing some stretching exercises before going to bed. These simple exercises can help improve your physical condition and study efficiency. Remember, a healthy body is the source of all your efforts. Once you have a healthy body, you can achieve more in your studies. I believe that through regular exercise, you will soon recover your health and make greater progress in your studies.
I wish you a speedy recovery and better health! If you have any questions or need any help, please feel free to contact me. I am always here to support and encourage you.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【知识点】文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封建议信，鼓励张力积极锻炼身体，从而为更好词学习打下基础。写作背景：你的一个在外地读书的同学张力给你写信，向你诉说他最近因为身体不好而影响学习的情况，并且坦言自己平时学习忙，很少锻炼。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：You have studied so hard that you have had no time for exercise.运用了结果状语从句； But it is really harmful to your health.运用了it作形式主语；I feel it would be more beneficial to you health if you could take more exercise in future.运用了宾语从句，It作形式主语，条件状语从句；Firstly, taking exercise can improve your physical condition by building up your muscles and bones. 运用了动名词短语作主语；Besides, your stress will be released and you'll have a good mood.运用了并列句，被动语态； Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill. 运用了时间状语从句，倒装句；Otherwise your study will be interrupted from time to time by sickness.运用了被动语态；Therefore, I suggest that you take at least one hour's exercise every day from now on. 运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气；I would be more than glad to see you will be healthier and happier.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句。