黑龙江省大庆市东风中学2020-2021高一上学期英语期末教学质量检测卷

黑龙江省大庆市东风中学2020-2021学年高一上学期英语期末教学质量检测卷
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The scenery of the West Lake
is beautiful beyond 　 　 (describe).
2．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The children ran out of the
room, 　 　(laugh)happily.
3．（2020高一上·大庆期末）We 　 　 (discuss) the
problem when there was a power failure.
4．（2020高一上·大庆期末）He didn't come to school
today because he had　 　 frog in his throat.
5．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The reason 　 　 I don't
trust him is that he often tells lies.
6．（2020高一上·大庆期末）It's 　 　 (confuse) for
graduates to be faced with 20 job offers.
7．（2020高一上·大庆期末）A child's world completely
differ 　 　 an adult's.
8．（2020高一上·大庆期末）Green is the color that has
the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally 　 　physically.
9．（2020高一上·大庆期末）He wrote this article to
remind children 　 　 the importance of starting school.
10．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The young man rushed to the
station only 　 　 (find) the bus had left.
11．（2020高一上·大庆期末）—Can you think of another good idea
—This is the best approach to
　 　(finish) the work ahead of time.
12．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The musician along with his
band members　 　 (give) ten performances in the last three months. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13．（2020高一上·大庆期末）This is the book 　 　which
I paid 5 dollars.
14．（2020高一上·大庆期末）There are all sorts of
animals, 　 　(include) bears, pigs, kangaroos, and penguins.
15．（2020高一上·大庆期末）With the final exam　 　 (draw)near,
we are busy in reviewing our lessons.
16．（2020高一上·大庆期末）　 　 (fortune),
before the rescue team arrived, all the people in the accident had died.
17．（2020高一上·大庆期末）Tsinghua University,
　 　 (found)in1911, is home to a
great number of outstanding figures.(所给词的适当形式填空)
18．（2020高一上·大庆期末）Dogs have a very good sense
of smell and are often used to search for 　 　 (survive) in an earthquake.
19．（2020高一上·大庆期末）It's believed that
education shouldn't　 　 (measure) only by exam results.
20．（2020高一上·大庆期末）There is no doubt 　 　the
wooden chair is much stronger than the plastic one you bought yesterday.
二、阅读选择
21．（2018高一上·南宁月考）阅读理解
How are you and your family going to celebrate Earth Day It's a great day to get outside and ride a bike, but there are other ways you could spend the day. Here are four books. You can learn more about the earth and the animals that make the world a special place to live in.
The Busy Beaver, by Nicholas Oldland
Beaver is very, very busy, and he doesn't always think carefully. As a result, he makes a mess of the forest and ends up in hospital. Finally, he realizes how careless he's been and decides to make things right when he returns to the forest.
Lessons from Mother Earth, by Elaine Mcleod
Five-year-old Tess is visiting her grandmother and, for the first time, she visits the garden. Along the way, Tess's grandmother tells her the rules of the garden, "You must always take good care of our garden. Never throw rubbish around. There is plenty for everyone to share if we don't destroy the soil." The story is beautifully told as a caring conversation between a child and her grandmother.
Luz Sees the Light, by Claudia Davila
When Luz's community(社区) experiences a series of black-outs(停电), she quickly comes to understand the need to save energy and find other ways of doing things. With the help of her friends and neighbors, she creates a community garden and park that everyone can use. The book attracts many young readers.
The Lorax, by Dr Seuss
A young boy learns of the role of the Lorax as protector(保护者) of the trees, and how his home became polluted. The book contains memorable forestry conservation (森林保护).
（1）We can learn from the passage that Beaver .
A．always plans things carefully
B．never takes care of the forest
C．decides to leave the forest forever
D．gets hurt because of his carelessness
（2）Which of the following books focus on the protection of forest
A．The Busy Beaver and The Lorax.
B．Luz Sees the Light and The Lorax.
C．The Busy Beaver and Lessons from Mother Earth.
D．Lessons from Mother Earth and Luz Sees the Light.
（3）What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage
A．To provide some activities to Earth Day.
B．To offer some books to young children.
C．To tell readers how to write children's books.
D．To teach readers how to protect our environment.
22．阅读理解
As I
stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come
here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the world's
poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the road was in
worse condition.
I
appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route
National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was
suddenly destroyed by mud. The "worst road in the country" changed my
bicycle into a burden (负担) for days. Finally, I was claimed by the road. Tired. Alone.
As I
wiped (擦) the mud from my
face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up
and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I
started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but
if he understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the
bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick
guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children
saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: "Their parents tell them
while people steal and eat them. Funny, no "
I
tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got
closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode
a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a
smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless.
（1）What was in the author's mind when he was in the mud
A．He considered his experience a special pleasure.
B．He made up his mind to continue challenging himself.
C．He tried to think out a new road for cycling in Antalaha.
D．He regretted having the cycling holiday in Madagascar.
（2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A．The author chose another road.
B．The author decided to ask for help.
C．The author lay on the road for a rest.
D．The author had no confidence to ride on.
（3）How did the Malagasy man help the author
A．By showing him the right way.
B．By wiping the mud from his bike.
C．By riding in front of him all the way.
D．By teaching him how to ride in the mud.
（4）What's the best title for the text
A．A lonely trip B．A bicycle race
C．A lesson in cycling D．A road in Madagascar
23．（2019高一上·清远期中）阅读理解
When you choose a friend, you should be very careful. A good
friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy.
Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They will be with you as long as
you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I
know when I have found a good friend I look for certain qualities of
character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠).
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good
friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to
judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other
person's place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good
listener.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does
not look for faults (过错)
in others. He notices their good points. In short, good friends will be honest
to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always
depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain
time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his
best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A
special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives,
and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who
are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share
experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor,
too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being
friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and
understanding, I know I've found a friend!
（1）Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend
A．honesty B．understanding
C．reliability D．a sense of humor
（2）If you have fair weather friends, ______ .
A．you will become rich
B．you can be sure that you get real friends
C．you will be refused when you get into trouble
D．they will give you all that they have when you need help
（3）Good friends need to ______.
A．understand each other's feelings
B．be helped with money
C．always point out each other's mistakes
D．have money or luck
（4）This passage mainly discuss ______ .
A．the importance of having a friend B．where to choose friends
C．how to get along with friends D．the qualities of a friend
24．（2020高一上·大庆期末）阅读理解
A study of 27,000 men showed those skipping
(不吃)
breakfast were at a greater risk of heart problems. The British Heart
Foundation said breakfast helped people resist (抵制) sugary snacks before lunch.
The men, aged 45-82, were studied for 16
years. During that time there were more than 1,500 heart attacks or cases of
deadly heart failure. However, people who skipped breakfast were 27% more
likely to have heart problems than those who started the day with a meal. The
researchers took into consideration other lifestyle risk factors (因素) such as smoking and
exercise.
Researcher Dr Leah Cahill told the BBC: "The take-home message is
to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour. The results
show that something is better than nothing, but it's always better to have
something healthy and balanced."
She said the timing of the meal seemed to
be key and waiting until lunch rather than "having breakfast" may be
straining (损伤)
the body over time. This could be increasing the risk of high blood pressure
and fatness which could in turn damage the heart. "Don't skip breakfast,"
Dr Cahill suggested.
Victoria Taylor, an expert with the British
Heart Foundation, said: “These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so
we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same
effect on the heart health of other groups of people. What we do know is that a
healthy breakfast can make that mid-morning biscuit less tempting, as
well as giving you another opportunity to widen the variety of foods in your
diet. Cereals (谷类食品)
with low fat milk are a good way to start the day. Try a banana or dried fruit
on top and you'll be on your way to a fine day before you've even left the
house."
（1）What does the text mainly deal with
A．The effects of snacks on the health of the heart.
B．An interview by the BBC on people's lifestyles.
C．What a healthy and balanced diet should contain.
D．The relationship between breakfast and a healthy heart.
（2）Dr Leah Cahill's suggestion is that we should _____.
A．fix the time for each meal we eat in a day
B．make sure our breakfast is always balanced
C．eat our breakfast immediately after getting up
D．have breakfast within an hour after waking up
（3）The underlined word “tempting” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to "_____".
A．attractive B．valuable C．obvious D．familiar
（4）According to Victoria Taylor, _____.
A．men over 45 are more likely to get heart diseases
B．fresh fruits like bananas are necessary for a healthy breakfast
C．it's healthy to eat some biscuit between breakfast and lunch
D．the researchers should have covered other age groups in their study
三、任务型阅读
25．（2020高一上·大庆期末）任务型阅读
Exercise is one of the best things you can
do for your health. But how about for your sleep 　 　 Let's learn more about the relationship
between exercise and sleep.
How does exercise influence sleep
People who exercise regularly get better
sleep than those who don't. 　 　 That may lead to a decrease in body
temperature at night, allowing people to experience deeper sleep.　 　
For most people, the time when they take
exercise doesn't matter. For too much exercise, the late afternoon might be the
best. For ongoing training, morning might be preferable. Taking exercise at
night, you should gently do stretching (拉伸) after that. This will let your
body know it is time to calm down.
Which type of exercise is best for sleep
The best type of exercise is the one you
enjoy enough to stick with and you should make it a regular part of your
routine. 　 　
How much exercise do you need for better
sleep
　 　 However, it's wise to work out about 150
minutes every week, or about 30 minutes each day, five days a week. Little
things you do all day long can add up. From taking the stairs to walking
instead of driving. Try to spend fewer minutes sitting during the day.
A. What can help you sleep more
soundly
B. What time of day is best for
exercise
C. Either yoga class or lifting
weights can help you sleep well.
D. The answer is that being
active during the day can improve the sleep at night.
E. Exercise increases total
sleep time, which leads to greater sleep satisfaction.
F. The amount will vary,
depending on factors such EIS age and fitness level.
G. Exercise increases the
amount of a chemical, which can increase body temperature.
四、完形填空
26．（2020高一上·大庆期末）完形填空
Born in America, I spoke English, not
Chinese, the language of my ancestors. When I was three, my parents flashed
cards with Chinese （1） at my face, but I pushed them （2） . My mom believed I would learn （3） I was ready. But the （4） never came.
On a Chinese New Year's Eve, my uncle spoke
to me in Chinese, but all I could do was （5） at him, confused, shaking my head. "Still
can't speak Chinese " He （6） me, "You can't even buy a fish in
Chinatown."
"Hey, this is America, not China. I'll
get some （7） with or without Chinese." I replied and
turned to my mom for （8） .
"Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu," she said, handing
over a $20 bill. I （9） the words, running downstairs into the streets
of Chinatown.
I found the fish （10） surrounded in a sea of customers. "I'd
like to buy some fresh fish," I shouted to the fisherman. But he （11） my English words and turned to serve the next
customer. The laugh of the people behind increased （12） their impatience. With every （13） ,
the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger—my blood boiling— （14） me to cry out, "Xian Sheng Yu, please." "Very Xian Sheng," I repeated. The crowd burst into laughter.
My face turned （15） and I ran back home （16） ,
except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my hand.
Should I laugh or cry They're Chinese. I'm
Chinese. I should feel right at （17） .
Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish （18） ,
but, in the end, the joke is on （19） .
Every laugh is a culture （20） ; every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away.
（1）A．custom B．games C．characters D．language
（2）A．ahead B．around C．along D．aside
（3）A．when B．before C．unless D．until
（4）A．success B．study C．time D．attempt
（5）A．aim B．joke C．nod D．stare
（6）A．cared about B．laughed
at C．argued with D．asked after
（7）A．right now B．from now C．at times D．in time
（8）A．decision B．permission C．information D．preparation
（9）A．repeated B．reviewed C．spelled D．kept
（10）A．farm B．stand C．pond D．market
（11）A．guessed B．forgot C．doubted D．ignored
（12）A．by B．near C．with D．from
（13）A．second B．effort C．desire D．movement
（14）A．forcing B．allowing C．finding D．leading
（15）A．bright B．blank C．pale D．red
（16）A．open-mouthed B．tongue-tied C．empty-handed D．broken-hearted
（17）A．service B．home C．risk D．root
（18）A．trade B．confidence C．challenge D．experience
（19）A．it B．us C．me D．them
（20）A．treasured B．lost C．valued D．reflected
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
27．（2020高一上·大庆期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过三个词）。
In
the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the
weather forecast, a business's phone number or directions, which can all be　 　 (easy) found on Google, but very often people
actually ask these things by　 　 (make) a call. Your answer may be replied to
with a thank-you e-mail.
This
isn't the first time that great changes 　 　 (take) place in our manners due　 　 technology. In 　 　 late 1870s, when the telephone 　 　 (invent), people didn't know how 　 　 (greet) a caller. Often there is just 　 　 (silent). Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor,
suggested that people 　 　 (say) "Ahoy", but finally "Hello"
went out, the greeting used in everyday face-to-face communications now.
Try
to be respectful no matter 　 　 you communicate with. Just keep it in mind
that politeness never goes out of fashion.
六、短文改错
28．（2020高一上·大庆期末）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Li
Hua and I were neighbours and we went to same school. We always went to school
together. We were good friend and had a great deal to share with every day.
However, one day, Li Hua copied my homework, which made me such angry that I
did not want to be friends with him any long. Then on Monday morning I ran
downstairs without realize it was raining, but there was no time to return home
to fetch an umbrella. It happens that Li Hua was just around the corner and he
offered to share her umbrella with me. He made an apology to me in a gently
voice. I forgave him but gave him a hug.
七、书面表达
29．（2020高一上·大庆期末）假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Michael想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院（Confucius
Institute），请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1）推荐理由；
2）相关课程：中国历史，传统文化等。
Dear Michael,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】description
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：西湖的风景美得无法形容。空处作介词beyond的宾语，表示“无法形容”短语为beyond description，故填description。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语beyond description。
2．【答案】laughing
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们从房间里跑出来，开心地笑着。分析句子结构可知 laugh在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语children构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填laughing。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
3．【答案】were discussing
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们正在讨论这个问题，突然停电了。表示“某人正在做某事，突然……”句型为sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文was可知应用过去进行时，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填were discussing。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
4．【答案】a
【知识点】固定短语；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：他今天没来上学，因为他嗓子疼。have a frog in one's throat，固定短语，“失声，很难发声”。故填a。
【点评】考查冠词，以及固定短语have a frog in one's throat。
5．【答案】why
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为reason，关系副词why在从句中作状语，指原因。故填why。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词why引导的限制性定语从句。
6．【答案】confusing
【知识点】以-ing结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：对毕业生来说面对20个工作机会是令人困惑的。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作表语。本句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to be faced with 20 job offers，而confusing意思为“令人困惑的”，修饰事物。故填confusing。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
7．【答案】from
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子的世界和成人的完全不同。differ from，固定短语，“与……不同，不同于……”，故填from。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语differ from...。
8．【答案】and
【知识点】固定短语；表递进或并列关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：绿色是一种能够减少疼痛，使人身心放松的颜色。both…and…，固定短语，“两者都”。故填and。
【点评】考查连词，以及固定短语both…and…。
9．【答案】of
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：他写这篇文章是为了提醒孩子们开始上学的重要性。remind sb. of sth.，固定短语，“提醒某人某事”，故填of。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语remind sb. of sth.。
10．【答案】to find
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：那个年轻人冲到车站，却发现公共汽车已经开走了。only to do sth.，为不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作结果状语。
11．【答案】finishing
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能想到别的好主意吗？——这是提前完成工作的最佳方法。the approach to doing sth.，固定短语，“做某事的方法”，故填finishing。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词作宾语，以及固定短语the approach to doing sth.。
12．【答案】has given
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里，这位音乐家和他的乐队成员们已经进行了十场演出。along with连接两个并列结构作主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语（The musician)保持一致；根据时间状语in the last three months可知，谓语动词应该用现在完成时。故填has given。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
13．【答案】for
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：这就是我花了5美元买的那本书。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词book，根据短语pay for“支付”，可知应填介词for。故填for。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语pay for。
14．【答案】including
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：有各种各样的动物，包括熊、猪、袋鼠和企鹅。分析句子结构，此处应填介词including，意为“包括”。故填including。
【点评】考查介词，掌握including的应用。
15．【答案】drawing
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：随着期末考试的临近，我们忙着复习功课。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，the final exam与draw构成主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填drawing。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
16．【答案】Unfortunately
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：不幸的是，在救援队到达之前，事故中的所有人都已经死亡了。根据“before the rescue team arrived, all the people in the accident had died. ”可知这是不幸的事情，应填副词unfortunately，作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰整个句子。
17．【答案】founded
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：清华大学，成立于1911年，是很多杰出人物的摇篮。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填founded。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语。
18．【答案】survivors
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：狗有很好的嗅觉，经常被用来在地震中寻找幸存者。空处作宾语，表示“幸存者”应用名词survivor，survivor为可数名词，前文没有冠词，应用复数。故填survivors。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
19．【答案】be measured
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：人们认为教育不应该仅仅用考试成绩来衡量。that从句中主语education与谓语动词measure构成被动关系，且shouldn't后跟动词原形。故填be measured。
【点评】考查语态，本题涉及含有情态动词的被动语态。
20．【答案】that
【知识点】同位语从句；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：毫无疑问，这把木椅比你昨天买的塑料椅结实得多。There is no doubt that…为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，从句成分和意义都完整，故此处that引导同位语从句。故填that。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的同位语从句，以及固定句式There is no doubt that…。
21．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在世界地球日这一天将如何度过？可以骑车出行，也可以阅读四本有关地球及生活家园的书籍．《忙碌的海狸》，《来自地球母亲的课程》，《鲁兹看到光明》，《老雷斯的故事》。
（1）考查细节理解。根据The Busy Beaver, by Nicholas Oldland部分中的“Beaver is very, very busy, and he doesn't always think carefully. As a result, he makes a mess of the forest and ends up in hospital.”可知正是因为Beaver的粗心大意才导致森林一片混乱最终Beaver也受伤进了医院接受治疗。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据The Busy Beaver, by Nicholas Oldland部分中的“Finally, he realizes how careless he's been and decides to make things right when he returns to the forest.”和 The Lorax, by Dr Seuss部分中的“The book contains memorable forestry conservation (森林保护).”可知这两本书都是关于保护森林的，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Here are four books. You can learn more about the earth and the animals that make the world a special place to live in.”可知本文向读者推荐了关于保护地球的四本书。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
22．【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在非洲马达加斯加骑行遇到困难的时候，一位当地人激励自己继续骑行。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“I wondered what had forced me to come here”及下文对马达加斯加当地路况的介绍可知，作者来到这里骑行发现路况很差，这让他后悔不已。故选D。
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“but my dream of a smooth road... for days”及Tired可知，泥泞的道路使作者疲惫不堪，让他失去了继续骑行的信心。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Studying my quick guide”及第四段中的“I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up”可知，那个马达加斯加男人一直在作者前面骑行来鼓励他。故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据文中作者在马达加斯加骑行遇到困难时受到一位当地人的帮助可知，作者从中受益匪浅。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
23．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了真正的好朋友应该有什么样的品质．作者认为好朋友的四种品质是：理解、诚实、可靠和能患难与共。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.”最重要的是，我寻找能理解别人的朋友。由此可知，作者认为在选择朋友方面，最重要的品质就是“理解”，故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.”有时你会遇到酒肉朋友。当你有钱或运气好时，他们会和你在一起，但当你失意时，他们会跑掉。由此推断出如果你有酒肉朋友，当你有困难时，他们将会拒绝，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.”可知好朋友需要理解彼此的感情，故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠).”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了好朋友需要具有的一些品质：理解、诚实和可靠，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一个新的研究结果表明：不吃早餐，心脏病的风险更高。
（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The British Heart Foundation said breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks before lunch.”英国心脏基金会表示，早餐有助于人们在午餐前抵制含糖零食。文中多次提及的breakfast和heart problems可知，本文主要探讨早餐对于心脏健康的重要性。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The take-home message is to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour.”最重要的是早上醒来时吃东西，最好是在一个小时内。可知，Dr Leah Cahill认为最好在醒来一小时之内吃早餐。故选D
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks以及本段tempting”之前的less一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处tempting有“有诱惑力的；有吸引力的”之意。故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same effect on the heart health of other groups of people”可推出，Victoria Taylor认为，为了进一步确切证实早餐对人们心脏健康的重要性，研究者在该项研究中应该对其他年龄群体展开调查。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
25．【答案】D；G；B；C；F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了运动与睡眠之间的关系，具体的包括运动类型，运动量对睡眠的影响，以及为什么运动会对睡眠产生影响这么几个方面。
（1）文章的第一段是全文的一个总结与概括，是引出运动与睡眠之间关系的一段，根据选项的句意结合前面的语境可以知道选择D项，因为前面一句是疑问句，下面用The answer...来回答正合适， D. The answer is that being active during the day can improve the sleep at night.“答案是白天活动可以改善晚上的睡眠。”符合语境，故选D。
（2）根据空后“ That may lead to a decrease in body temperature at night”提到了身体温度，那G. Exercise increases the amount of a chemical, which can increase body temperature.“运动会增加化学物质的含量，从而增加体温。”，符合语境，故选G。
（3）根据空后提到了对于多数人来说，什么时间锻炼没什么影响，所以可以知道这里面应该是在说时间的问题，B. What time of day is best for exercise “一天最好什么时间锻炼”，符合语境，故选B。
（4）根据本段小标题“ Which type of exercise is best for sleep ”哪种运动对睡眠最好？这个空对应的小标题说的是运动类型的问题，C. Either yoga class or lifting weights can help you sleep well.“无论是瑜伽课还是举重都能帮助你睡得好。”符合语境，故选C。
（5）根据本段小标题“ How much exercise do you need for better sleep ”介绍了运动量的问题，F. The amount will vary, depending on factors such EIS age and fitness level.“数量会有所不同，取决于一些因素，比如年龄和健康水平。”符合语境，故选F。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
26．【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）A；（15）D；（16）C；（17）B；（18）D；（19）C；（20）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；传统节日
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者长在美国，熟悉英语，但作为中国人，因为没有学习汉语而导致了去中国城买鱼的尴尬，这让作者明白了一个道理：“笑话”反映的是一种文化的缺失，不应该让文化丢失。
（1）句意：当我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前亮出了写有汉字的卡片，但我把它们推到一边。A. custom“习惯”；B. games“游戏”；C. characters“文字”；D. language“语言”。根据上文“the language of my ancestors”可知，这里父母是想利用有汉字的卡篇放在我面前让我学习汉语，Chinese characters意为“汉字”。故选C。
（2）句意：当我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前闪着写有汉字的卡片，但我把它们推到一边。A. ahead“提前”；B. around“在......周围”；C. along“沿着”；D. aside“在.....旁边”。由本句中but这个转折连词可知，这里表明作者没有看它，而是将其放在了一边。put aside固定短语，"把某物放到一边"，故选D。
（3）句意：我妈妈相信当我准备好了，我就会学习。A. when“当……时”；B. before“在……之前”；C. unless“除非”；D. until“直到”。根据“I was ready”可推断出，作者母亲认为当作者准备好的时候，就会学汉语了，此处只有when符合语境。故选A。
（4）句意：但时机始终没有到来。A. success“成功”；B. study“学习”；C. time“时间”；D. attempt“尝试”。由本句中But及never可知，这里强调的是，作者学习汉字的时机始终没有到来。故选C。
（5）句意：在一个中国的除夕之夜，我的叔叔用中文跟我说话，但我只能困惑地盯着他，摇着头。A. aim“目标”；B. joke“笑话”；C. nod“点头”；D. stare“盯着”。由本句中的confused可知，当叔叔跟作者讲汉语的时候，作者很困惑，因此只能用眼睛盯着叔叔看。故选D。
（6）句意：“还是不会说中文 ”他嘲笑我说，“在唐人街连一条鱼都买不到。”A. cared about“关心”；B. laughed at“嘲笑”；C. argued with“同意”；D. asked after“探问”。根据“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown”可推断出，叔叔是在嘲笑作者。故选B。
（7）句意：嘿，这是美国，不是中国。不管有没有中文，我现在就去买。A. right now“马上”；B. from now“从现在开始”；C. at times“有时”；D. in time“及时”。根据“I'll get some ___ with or without Chinese”及联系下段可知，作者想证明给叔叔看，现在就能去唐人街买到鱼。right now意为"现在，立即"，符合语境。故选A。
（8）句意：我回答道，然后转向妈妈寻求许可。A. decision“决定”；B. permission“允许”；C. information“信息”；D. preparation“准备”。根据下文，母亲说话的内容可知，作者希望征得母亲去买鱼。由语境可知，应为母亲的许可比较合适，故选B。
（9）句意：我重复着这句话，跑下楼来到唐人街的街道上。A. repeated“重复”；B. reviewed“复习”；C. spelled“拼写”；D. kept“保持”。根据上文母亲话中的Xin Xian Yu及作者没有学习汉语的背景可以推断出，作者为了防止忘掉要买的东西的名字，而不断重复着母亲的话。故选A。
（10）句意：我发现鱼摊被顾客包围了。A. farm“农场”；B. stand“货摊”；C. pond“池塘”；D. market“市场”。由卖鱼的人没有理会作者，转去给其他顾客服务可知，渔摊被顾客包围了。fish stand“鱼摊”，故选B。
（11）句意：但他不理会我的英语单词，转身为下一位顾客服务。A. guessed“猜想”；B. forgot“忘记”；C. doubted“疑惑”；D. ignored“忽略”。根据上文“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown”及本句中“turned to serve the next customer”可知，这个卖鱼人没有在意作者说的话，即无视，不理睬。故选D。
（12）句意：后面的人笑得越来越不耐烦了。A. by“在……旁边”；B. near“在……附近”；C. with“和，伴随”；D. from“从”。本句中“The laugh of the people behind increased”表明作者身后的人因为失去耐心而开始笑起来。with impatience，"因为不耐烦"。故选C。
（13）句意：每过一秒，我背上的龙的气息变得更强了，我的血液沸腾了——迫使我大声呼喊：“新鲜鱼！”A. second“秒”；B. effort“努力”；C. desire“欲望”；D. movement“移动”。根据上文“turned to serve the next customer”及本句中“the breath of the dragon on my back grew stronger”可知，每过一秒，作者都很生气了。故选A。
（14）句意：每过一秒，我背上的龙的气息变得更强了，我的血液沸腾了——迫使我大声喊出：“新鲜鱼！”A. forcing“迫使”；B. allowing“允许”；C. finding“发现”；D. leading“引领”。由本句中my blood boiling可知，作者被激怒了，因此强迫自己大声喊出要买的东西。故选A。
（15）句意：人群中爆发出笑声。我的脸变红了，我空手跑回家，除了手里紧紧攥着的那张20美元。A. bright“明亮的”；B. blank“空白的”；C. pale“苍白的”；D. red“红的”。根据上文“The crowd erupted into laughter”可知，因为作者说错了汉语而引来了大家的哄堂大笑，这让作者十分难堪，故作者的脸变红了。故选D。
（16）句意：人群中爆发出笑声。我的脸变红了，我空手跑回家，除了手里紧紧攥着的那张20美元。A. open-mouthed“目瞪口呆的”；B. tongue-tied“结结巴巴的”；C. empty-handed“空手的”；D. broken-hearted“心碎的”。根据上段中母亲让我买Xin Xian Yu及由本句中“expect for the $20 bill”可知，作者没有买到鱼，而是空着手回家的。故选C。
（17）句意：我该哭还是该笑 他们是中国人。我也是中国人。我应该感到自在、自如才对。A. service“服务”；B. home“家”；C. risk“冒险”；D. root“根”。根据“They're Chinese. I'm Chinese”可知，同为中国人，我应该感到自在、自如才对。这与下文的“Instead , I was the joke...”形成对比。feel right at home固定短语，“感觉自在”，故选B。
（18）句意：有时候，我嘲笑自己吃鱼的经历。A. trade“贸易”；B. confidence“自信”；C. challenge“挑战”；D. experience“经历”。由本句中“I laugh at”可知，作者时常以自己买鱼的那件买鱼的经历自嘲。故选D。
（19）句意：但最终，笑话是在我身上。A. it“它”；B. us“我们”；C. me“我”；D. them“他们”。这里作者以买鱼这件小事自嘲，当然自嘲的对象是作者本人。故选C。
（20）句意：每一个笑声都是一种文化的丧失。A. treasured“珍爱”；B. lost“丢失”；C. valued“评价”；D. reflected“反映”。根据下文的“every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away”及句子结构可知，该空应与fading away意思相近，此处作者想要表达的是作者嘲笑自己不熟悉母国的文化，是一种文化的丧失，故选B。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
27．【答案】easily；making；have taken；to；the；was invented；to greet；silence；say/ should say；who
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代科技对人们生活方式所产生的巨大影响。
（1）句意：在智能手机时代，人们似乎没有理由去问诸如天气预报、企业电话号码或方向之类的问题，这些都可以在谷歌上轻易找到，但实际上人们经常通过打电话来问这些问题。修饰后文动词find应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。
（2）句意：在智能手机时代，人们似乎没有理由去问诸如天气预报、企业电话号码或方向之类的问题，这些都可以在谷歌上轻易找到，但实际上人们经常通过打电话来问这些问题。作介词by的宾语应用动名词形式。故填making。
（3）句意：由于科技的发展，我们的行为方式发生了巨大的变化，这已经不是第一次了。此处为“this/it is the first time that+现在完成时”句型，表示“第一次……”，that从句中用现在完成时，主语为changes，助动词用have。故填have taken。
（4）句意：由于科技的发展，我们的行为方式发生了巨大的变化，这已经不是第一次了。结合句意表示“由于”可知短语为due to。故填to。
（5）句意：在19世纪70年代末期，当电话发明的时候，人们还不知道如何招呼打电话的人。表示“在19世纪70年代末期”短语为in the late 1870s，中间需用定冠词the。故填the。
（6）句意：在19世纪70年代末期，当电话发明的时候，人们还不知道如何招呼打电话的人。分析句子可知，设空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合上文in the late 1870s可知用一般过去时，主语与为谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为telephone，谓语动词用单数。故填was invented。
（7）句意：在19世纪70年代末期，当电话发明的时候，人们还不知道如何招呼打电话的人。此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，表示“如何招呼”应用how to greet。故填to greet。
（8）句意：通常只有沉默。空处作主语，表示“沉默”应用名词silence，抽象概念，不可数。故填silence。
（9）句意：发明家亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔建议人们说“Ahoy”，但最后“Hello”出现了，这是现在日常面对面交流中使用的问候语。suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填say/ should say。
（10）句意：无论你和谁交流，都要尊重对方。分析句子可知，设空处和no matter一起引导让步状语从句，从句缺少宾语，且表示“谁”，应用who。故填who。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，冠词，语态，名词，虚拟语气以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
28．【答案】①在same前加the ②friend→ friends ③删去share后的with ④such →so ⑤long →longer ⑥realize →realizing ⑦happens →happened ⑧her→ his ⑨gently →gentle ⑩but →and
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和李华是好朋友，但有一天李华抄袭了作者的作业，这让作者非常生气，不想再和他成为朋友了。有一次下雨作者没拿伞，碰巧遇到李华，他主动提出要和作者共用雨伞并向我道歉。作者原谅了他并给了他一个拥抱。
①句意：李华和我是邻居，我们在同一个学校上学。此处“同一所学校”是特指，故用定冠词the。故在same前加the。
②句意：我们是好朋友。此处的朋友是“李华和我”，应为复数。故friend改为friends。
③句意：我们每天都有很多的东西要分享。share sth with sb.意为“和某人分享某物”。share的宾语是a great deal，share是由主语we发出的动作，表示我们有很多东西去分享。故将with去掉。
④句意：然而，有一天李华抄了我的作业，这让我很生气，以至于我再也不想和他做朋友了。so... that...是固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”，其中so为副词，修饰形容词或副词，angry为形容词，故应用so修饰。故such改为so。
⑤句意：然而，有一天，李华抄了我的作业,这让我很生气，以至于我再也不想和他做朋友了。not...any longer为固定搭配，意为“再也不…… ”，符合文意。故long改为longer。
⑥动词realize前为介词without，介词后接名词或动名词，应使用realizing作介词的宾语。故realize改为realizing。
⑦句意：碰巧李华就在附近，他提议与我共享他的雨伞。It happens that…为固定句型，“碰巧……”，符合文意。本文讲述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，谓语动词应使用过去式。故将happens改为happened。
⑧句意：碰巧李华就在附近，他提议与我共享他的雨伞。雨伞是李华的，根据文中代替李华的其他代词him和He可知，李华是男生，应使用his修饰umbrella。故her改为his。
⑨句意：他用柔和的声音向我道歉。voice 是名词，应使用形容词修饰，gently的形容词形式是gentle。故gently改为gentle。
⑩句意：我原谅了他并给了他一个拥抱。but前后的两部分之间的关系是并列的，并非转折关系，应使用并列连词and。故but改为and。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，介词，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，代词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
29．【答案】Dear Michael,
I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native, is absolutely my top recommendation.
Confucius Institute provides various interesting subjects. You will learn gorgeous Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese writing. Furthermore, you have more opportunities to talk with classmates in Chinese. In addition, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Day and Mid-Autumn Day. Some relevant activities will be kicked off during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope my recommendation will meet you need. Anything else I can do for you, just call me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写封邮件。写作背景：你的加拿大朋友Michael想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）推荐理由；2）相关课程：中国历史，传统文化等。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；Confucius Institute, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native, is absolutely my top recommendation.运用了非限制性定语从句； Some relevant activities will be kicked off during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.运用了被动语态，非限制性定语从句； I hope my recommendation will meet you need. 运用了宾语从句。
黑龙江省大庆市东风中学2020-2021学年高一上学期英语期末教学质量检测卷
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The scenery of the West Lake
is beautiful beyond 　 　 (describe).
【答案】description
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：西湖的风景美得无法形容。空处作介词beyond的宾语，表示“无法形容”短语为beyond description，故填description。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语beyond description。
2．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The children ran out of the
room, 　 　(laugh)happily.
【答案】laughing
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们从房间里跑出来，开心地笑着。分析句子结构可知 laugh在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语children构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填laughing。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
3．（2020高一上·大庆期末）We 　 　 (discuss) the
problem when there was a power failure.
【答案】were discussing
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们正在讨论这个问题，突然停电了。表示“某人正在做某事，突然……”句型为sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文was可知应用过去进行时，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填were discussing。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
4．（2020高一上·大庆期末）He didn't come to school
today because he had　 　 frog in his throat.
【答案】a
【知识点】固定短语；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：他今天没来上学，因为他嗓子疼。have a frog in one's throat，固定短语，“失声，很难发声”。故填a。
【点评】考查冠词，以及固定短语have a frog in one's throat。
5．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The reason 　 　 I don't
trust him is that he often tells lies.
【答案】why
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为reason，关系副词why在从句中作状语，指原因。故填why。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词why引导的限制性定语从句。
6．（2020高一上·大庆期末）It's 　 　 (confuse) for
graduates to be faced with 20 job offers.
【答案】confusing
【知识点】以-ing结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：对毕业生来说面对20个工作机会是令人困惑的。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作表语。本句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to be faced with 20 job offers，而confusing意思为“令人困惑的”，修饰事物。故填confusing。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
7．（2020高一上·大庆期末）A child's world completely
differ 　 　 an adult's.
【答案】from
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子的世界和成人的完全不同。differ from，固定短语，“与……不同，不同于……”，故填from。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语differ from...。
8．（2020高一上·大庆期末）Green is the color that has
the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally 　 　physically.
【答案】and
【知识点】固定短语；表递进或并列关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：绿色是一种能够减少疼痛，使人身心放松的颜色。both…and…，固定短语，“两者都”。故填and。
【点评】考查连词，以及固定短语both…and…。
9．（2020高一上·大庆期末）He wrote this article to
remind children 　 　 the importance of starting school.
【答案】of
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：他写这篇文章是为了提醒孩子们开始上学的重要性。remind sb. of sth.，固定短语，“提醒某人某事”，故填of。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语remind sb. of sth.。
10．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The young man rushed to the
station only 　 　 (find) the bus had left.
【答案】to find
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：那个年轻人冲到车站，却发现公共汽车已经开走了。only to do sth.，为不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作结果状语。
11．（2020高一上·大庆期末）—Can you think of another good idea
—This is the best approach to
　 　(finish) the work ahead of time.
【答案】finishing
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能想到别的好主意吗？——这是提前完成工作的最佳方法。the approach to doing sth.，固定短语，“做某事的方法”，故填finishing。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词作宾语，以及固定短语the approach to doing sth.。
12．（2020高一上·大庆期末）The musician along with his
band members　 　 (give) ten performances in the last three months. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has given
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里，这位音乐家和他的乐队成员们已经进行了十场演出。along with连接两个并列结构作主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语（The musician)保持一致；根据时间状语in the last three months可知，谓语动词应该用现在完成时。故填has given。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
13．（2020高一上·大庆期末）This is the book 　 　which
I paid 5 dollars.
【答案】for
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：这就是我花了5美元买的那本书。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词book，根据短语pay for“支付”，可知应填介词for。故填for。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语pay for。
14．（2020高一上·大庆期末）There are all sorts of
animals, 　 　(include) bears, pigs, kangaroos, and penguins.
【答案】including
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：有各种各样的动物，包括熊、猪、袋鼠和企鹅。分析句子结构，此处应填介词including，意为“包括”。故填including。
【点评】考查介词，掌握including的应用。
15．（2020高一上·大庆期末）With the final exam　 　 (draw)near,
we are busy in reviewing our lessons.
【答案】drawing
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：随着期末考试的临近，我们忙着复习功课。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，the final exam与draw构成主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填drawing。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
16．（2020高一上·大庆期末）　 　 (fortune),
before the rescue team arrived, all the people in the accident had died.
【答案】Unfortunately
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：不幸的是，在救援队到达之前，事故中的所有人都已经死亡了。根据“before the rescue team arrived, all the people in the accident had died. ”可知这是不幸的事情，应填副词unfortunately，作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰整个句子。
17．（2020高一上·大庆期末）Tsinghua University,
　 　 (found)in1911, is home to a
great number of outstanding figures.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】founded
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：清华大学，成立于1911年，是很多杰出人物的摇篮。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填founded。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语。
18．（2020高一上·大庆期末）Dogs have a very good sense
of smell and are often used to search for 　 　 (survive) in an earthquake.
【答案】survivors
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：狗有很好的嗅觉，经常被用来在地震中寻找幸存者。空处作宾语，表示“幸存者”应用名词survivor，survivor为可数名词，前文没有冠词，应用复数。故填survivors。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
19．（2020高一上·大庆期末）It's believed that
education shouldn't　 　 (measure) only by exam results.
【答案】be measured
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：人们认为教育不应该仅仅用考试成绩来衡量。that从句中主语education与谓语动词measure构成被动关系，且shouldn't后跟动词原形。故填be measured。
【点评】考查语态，本题涉及含有情态动词的被动语态。
20．（2020高一上·大庆期末）There is no doubt 　 　the
wooden chair is much stronger than the plastic one you bought yesterday.
【答案】that
【知识点】同位语从句；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：毫无疑问，这把木椅比你昨天买的塑料椅结实得多。There is no doubt that…为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，从句成分和意义都完整，故此处that引导同位语从句。故填that。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的同位语从句，以及固定句式There is no doubt that…。
二、阅读选择
21．（2018高一上·南宁月考）阅读理解
How are you and your family going to celebrate Earth Day It's a great day to get outside and ride a bike, but there are other ways you could spend the day. Here are four books. You can learn more about the earth and the animals that make the world a special place to live in.
The Busy Beaver, by Nicholas Oldland
Beaver is very, very busy, and he doesn't always think carefully. As a result, he makes a mess of the forest and ends up in hospital. Finally, he realizes how careless he's been and decides to make things right when he returns to the forest.
Lessons from Mother Earth, by Elaine Mcleod
Five-year-old Tess is visiting her grandmother and, for the first time, she visits the garden. Along the way, Tess's grandmother tells her the rules of the garden, "You must always take good care of our garden. Never throw rubbish around. There is plenty for everyone to share if we don't destroy the soil." The story is beautifully told as a caring conversation between a child and her grandmother.
Luz Sees the Light, by Claudia Davila
When Luz's community(社区) experiences a series of black-outs(停电), she quickly comes to understand the need to save energy and find other ways of doing things. With the help of her friends and neighbors, she creates a community garden and park that everyone can use. The book attracts many young readers.
The Lorax, by Dr Seuss
A young boy learns of the role of the Lorax as protector(保护者) of the trees, and how his home became polluted. The book contains memorable forestry conservation (森林保护).
（1）We can learn from the passage that Beaver .
A．always plans things carefully
B．never takes care of the forest
C．decides to leave the forest forever
D．gets hurt because of his carelessness
（2）Which of the following books focus on the protection of forest
A．The Busy Beaver and The Lorax.
B．Luz Sees the Light and The Lorax.
C．The Busy Beaver and Lessons from Mother Earth.
D．Lessons from Mother Earth and Luz Sees the Light.
（3）What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage
A．To provide some activities to Earth Day.
B．To offer some books to young children.
C．To tell readers how to write children's books.
D．To teach readers how to protect our environment.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在世界地球日这一天将如何度过？可以骑车出行，也可以阅读四本有关地球及生活家园的书籍．《忙碌的海狸》，《来自地球母亲的课程》，《鲁兹看到光明》，《老雷斯的故事》。
（1）考查细节理解。根据The Busy Beaver, by Nicholas Oldland部分中的“Beaver is very, very busy, and he doesn't always think carefully. As a result, he makes a mess of the forest and ends up in hospital.”可知正是因为Beaver的粗心大意才导致森林一片混乱最终Beaver也受伤进了医院接受治疗。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据The Busy Beaver, by Nicholas Oldland部分中的“Finally, he realizes how careless he's been and decides to make things right when he returns to the forest.”和 The Lorax, by Dr Seuss部分中的“The book contains memorable forestry conservation (森林保护).”可知这两本书都是关于保护森林的，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Here are four books. You can learn more about the earth and the animals that make the world a special place to live in.”可知本文向读者推荐了关于保护地球的四本书。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
22．阅读理解
As I
stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come
here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the world's
poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the road was in
worse condition.
I
appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route
National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was
suddenly destroyed by mud. The "worst road in the country" changed my
bicycle into a burden (负担) for days. Finally, I was claimed by the road. Tired. Alone.
As I
wiped (擦) the mud from my
face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up
and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I
started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but
if he understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the
bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick
guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children
saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: "Their parents tell them
while people steal and eat them. Funny, no "
I
tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got
closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode
a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a
smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless.
（1）What was in the author's mind when he was in the mud
A．He considered his experience a special pleasure.
B．He made up his mind to continue challenging himself.
C．He tried to think out a new road for cycling in Antalaha.
D．He regretted having the cycling holiday in Madagascar.
（2）What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A．The author chose another road.
B．The author decided to ask for help.
C．The author lay on the road for a rest.
D．The author had no confidence to ride on.
（3）How did the Malagasy man help the author
A．By showing him the right way.
B．By wiping the mud from his bike.
C．By riding in front of him all the way.
D．By teaching him how to ride in the mud.
（4）What's the best title for the text
A．A lonely trip B．A bicycle race
C．A lesson in cycling D．A road in Madagascar
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在非洲马达加斯加骑行遇到困难的时候，一位当地人激励自己继续骑行。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“I wondered what had forced me to come here”及下文对马达加斯加当地路况的介绍可知，作者来到这里骑行发现路况很差，这让他后悔不已。故选D。
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“but my dream of a smooth road... for days”及Tired可知，泥泞的道路使作者疲惫不堪，让他失去了继续骑行的信心。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Studying my quick guide”及第四段中的“I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up”可知，那个马达加斯加男人一直在作者前面骑行来鼓励他。故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据文中作者在马达加斯加骑行遇到困难时受到一位当地人的帮助可知，作者从中受益匪浅。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
23．（2019高一上·清远期中）阅读理解
When you choose a friend, you should be very careful. A good
friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy.
Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They will be with you as long as
you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I
know when I have found a good friend I look for certain qualities of
character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠).
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good
friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to
judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other
person's place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good
listener.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does
not look for faults (过错)
in others. He notices their good points. In short, good friends will be honest
to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always
depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain
time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his
best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A
special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives,
and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who
are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share
experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor,
too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being
friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and
understanding, I know I've found a friend!
（1）Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend
A．honesty B．understanding
C．reliability D．a sense of humor
（2）If you have fair weather friends, ______ .
A．you will become rich
B．you can be sure that you get real friends
C．you will be refused when you get into trouble
D．they will give you all that they have when you need help
（3）Good friends need to ______.
A．understand each other's feelings
B．be helped with money
C．always point out each other's mistakes
D．have money or luck
（4）This passage mainly discuss ______ .
A．the importance of having a friend B．where to choose friends
C．how to get along with friends D．the qualities of a friend
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了真正的好朋友应该有什么样的品质．作者认为好朋友的四种品质是：理解、诚实、可靠和能患难与共。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.”最重要的是，我寻找能理解别人的朋友。由此可知，作者认为在选择朋友方面，最重要的品质就是“理解”，故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.”有时你会遇到酒肉朋友。当你有钱或运气好时，他们会和你在一起，但当你失意时，他们会跑掉。由此推断出如果你有酒肉朋友，当你有困难时，他们将会拒绝，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.”可知好朋友需要理解彼此的感情，故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠).”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了好朋友需要具有的一些品质：理解、诚实和可靠，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．（2020高一上·大庆期末）阅读理解
A study of 27,000 men showed those skipping
(不吃)
breakfast were at a greater risk of heart problems. The British Heart
Foundation said breakfast helped people resist (抵制) sugary snacks before lunch.
The men, aged 45-82, were studied for 16
years. During that time there were more than 1,500 heart attacks or cases of
deadly heart failure. However, people who skipped breakfast were 27% more
likely to have heart problems than those who started the day with a meal. The
researchers took into consideration other lifestyle risk factors (因素) such as smoking and
exercise.
Researcher Dr Leah Cahill told the BBC: "The take-home message is
to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour. The results
show that something is better than nothing, but it's always better to have
something healthy and balanced."
She said the timing of the meal seemed to
be key and waiting until lunch rather than "having breakfast" may be
straining (损伤)
the body over time. This could be increasing the risk of high blood pressure
and fatness which could in turn damage the heart. "Don't skip breakfast,"
Dr Cahill suggested.
Victoria Taylor, an expert with the British
Heart Foundation, said: “These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so
we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same
effect on the heart health of other groups of people. What we do know is that a
healthy breakfast can make that mid-morning biscuit less tempting, as
well as giving you another opportunity to widen the variety of foods in your
diet. Cereals (谷类食品)
with low fat milk are a good way to start the day. Try a banana or dried fruit
on top and you'll be on your way to a fine day before you've even left the
house."
（1）What does the text mainly deal with
A．The effects of snacks on the health of the heart.
B．An interview by the BBC on people's lifestyles.
C．What a healthy and balanced diet should contain.
D．The relationship between breakfast and a healthy heart.
（2）Dr Leah Cahill's suggestion is that we should _____.
A．fix the time for each meal we eat in a day
B．make sure our breakfast is always balanced
C．eat our breakfast immediately after getting up
D．have breakfast within an hour after waking up
（3）The underlined word “tempting” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to "_____".
A．attractive B．valuable C．obvious D．familiar
（4）According to Victoria Taylor, _____.
A．men over 45 are more likely to get heart diseases
B．fresh fruits like bananas are necessary for a healthy breakfast
C．it's healthy to eat some biscuit between breakfast and lunch
D．the researchers should have covered other age groups in their study
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】主旨大意；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一个新的研究结果表明：不吃早餐，心脏病的风险更高。
（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The British Heart Foundation said breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks before lunch.”英国心脏基金会表示，早餐有助于人们在午餐前抵制含糖零食。文中多次提及的breakfast和heart problems可知，本文主要探讨早餐对于心脏健康的重要性。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The take-home message is to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour.”最重要的是早上醒来时吃东西，最好是在一个小时内。可知，Dr Leah Cahill认为最好在醒来一小时之内吃早餐。故选D
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks以及本段tempting”之前的less一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处tempting有“有诱惑力的；有吸引力的”之意。故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same effect on the heart health of other groups of people”可推出，Victoria Taylor认为，为了进一步确切证实早餐对人们心脏健康的重要性，研究者在该项研究中应该对其他年龄群体展开调查。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
三、任务型阅读
25．（2020高一上·大庆期末）任务型阅读
Exercise is one of the best things you can
do for your health. But how about for your sleep 　 　 Let's learn more about the relationship
between exercise and sleep.
How does exercise influence sleep
People who exercise regularly get better
sleep than those who don't. 　 　 That may lead to a decrease in body
temperature at night, allowing people to experience deeper sleep.　 　
For most people, the time when they take
exercise doesn't matter. For too much exercise, the late afternoon might be the
best. For ongoing training, morning might be preferable. Taking exercise at
night, you should gently do stretching (拉伸) after that. This will let your
body know it is time to calm down.
Which type of exercise is best for sleep
The best type of exercise is the one you
enjoy enough to stick with and you should make it a regular part of your
routine. 　 　
How much exercise do you need for better
sleep
　 　 However, it's wise to work out about 150
minutes every week, or about 30 minutes each day, five days a week. Little
things you do all day long can add up. From taking the stairs to walking
instead of driving. Try to spend fewer minutes sitting during the day.
A. What can help you sleep more
soundly
B. What time of day is best for
exercise
C. Either yoga class or lifting
weights can help you sleep well.
D. The answer is that being
active during the day can improve the sleep at night.
E. Exercise increases total
sleep time, which leads to greater sleep satisfaction.
F. The amount will vary,
depending on factors such EIS age and fitness level.
G. Exercise increases the
amount of a chemical, which can increase body temperature.
【答案】D；G；B；C；F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了运动与睡眠之间的关系，具体的包括运动类型，运动量对睡眠的影响，以及为什么运动会对睡眠产生影响这么几个方面。
（1）文章的第一段是全文的一个总结与概括，是引出运动与睡眠之间关系的一段，根据选项的句意结合前面的语境可以知道选择D项，因为前面一句是疑问句，下面用The answer...来回答正合适， D. The answer is that being active during the day can improve the sleep at night.“答案是白天活动可以改善晚上的睡眠。”符合语境，故选D。
（2）根据空后“ That may lead to a decrease in body temperature at night”提到了身体温度，那G. Exercise increases the amount of a chemical, which can increase body temperature.“运动会增加化学物质的含量，从而增加体温。”，符合语境，故选G。
（3）根据空后提到了对于多数人来说，什么时间锻炼没什么影响，所以可以知道这里面应该是在说时间的问题，B. What time of day is best for exercise “一天最好什么时间锻炼”，符合语境，故选B。
（4）根据本段小标题“ Which type of exercise is best for sleep ”哪种运动对睡眠最好？这个空对应的小标题说的是运动类型的问题，C. Either yoga class or lifting weights can help you sleep well.“无论是瑜伽课还是举重都能帮助你睡得好。”符合语境，故选C。
（5）根据本段小标题“ How much exercise do you need for better sleep ”介绍了运动量的问题，F. The amount will vary, depending on factors such EIS age and fitness level.“数量会有所不同，取决于一些因素，比如年龄和健康水平。”符合语境，故选F。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
四、完形填空
26．（2020高一上·大庆期末）完形填空
Born in America, I spoke English, not
Chinese, the language of my ancestors. When I was three, my parents flashed
cards with Chinese （1） at my face, but I pushed them （2） . My mom believed I would learn （3） I was ready. But the （4） never came.
On a Chinese New Year's Eve, my uncle spoke
to me in Chinese, but all I could do was （5） at him, confused, shaking my head. "Still
can't speak Chinese " He （6） me, "You can't even buy a fish in
Chinatown."
"Hey, this is America, not China. I'll
get some （7） with or without Chinese." I replied and
turned to my mom for （8） .
"Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu," she said, handing
over a $20 bill. I （9） the words, running downstairs into the streets
of Chinatown.
I found the fish （10） surrounded in a sea of customers. "I'd
like to buy some fresh fish," I shouted to the fisherman. But he （11） my English words and turned to serve the next
customer. The laugh of the people behind increased （12） their impatience. With every （13） ,
the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger—my blood boiling— （14） me to cry out, "Xian Sheng Yu, please." "Very Xian Sheng," I repeated. The crowd burst into laughter.
My face turned （15） and I ran back home （16） ,
except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my hand.
Should I laugh or cry They're Chinese. I'm
Chinese. I should feel right at （17） .
Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish （18） ,
but, in the end, the joke is on （19） .
Every laugh is a culture （20） ; every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away.
（1）A．custom B．games C．characters D．language
（2）A．ahead B．around C．along D．aside
（3）A．when B．before C．unless D．until
（4）A．success B．study C．time D．attempt
（5）A．aim B．joke C．nod D．stare
（6）A．cared about B．laughed
at C．argued with D．asked after
（7）A．right now B．from now C．at times D．in time
（8）A．decision B．permission C．information D．preparation
（9）A．repeated B．reviewed C．spelled D．kept
（10）A．farm B．stand C．pond D．market
（11）A．guessed B．forgot C．doubted D．ignored
（12）A．by B．near C．with D．from
（13）A．second B．effort C．desire D．movement
（14）A．forcing B．allowing C．finding D．leading
（15）A．bright B．blank C．pale D．red
（16）A．open-mouthed B．tongue-tied C．empty-handed D．broken-hearted
（17）A．service B．home C．risk D．root
（18）A．trade B．confidence C．challenge D．experience
（19）A．it B．us C．me D．them
（20）A．treasured B．lost C．valued D．reflected
【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）A；（15）D；（16）C；（17）B；（18）D；（19）C；（20）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；传统节日
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者长在美国，熟悉英语，但作为中国人，因为没有学习汉语而导致了去中国城买鱼的尴尬，这让作者明白了一个道理：“笑话”反映的是一种文化的缺失，不应该让文化丢失。
（1）句意：当我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前亮出了写有汉字的卡片，但我把它们推到一边。A. custom“习惯”；B. games“游戏”；C. characters“文字”；D. language“语言”。根据上文“the language of my ancestors”可知，这里父母是想利用有汉字的卡篇放在我面前让我学习汉语，Chinese characters意为“汉字”。故选C。
（2）句意：当我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前闪着写有汉字的卡片，但我把它们推到一边。A. ahead“提前”；B. around“在......周围”；C. along“沿着”；D. aside“在.....旁边”。由本句中but这个转折连词可知，这里表明作者没有看它，而是将其放在了一边。put aside固定短语，"把某物放到一边"，故选D。
（3）句意：我妈妈相信当我准备好了，我就会学习。A. when“当……时”；B. before“在……之前”；C. unless“除非”；D. until“直到”。根据“I was ready”可推断出，作者母亲认为当作者准备好的时候，就会学汉语了，此处只有when符合语境。故选A。
（4）句意：但时机始终没有到来。A. success“成功”；B. study“学习”；C. time“时间”；D. attempt“尝试”。由本句中But及never可知，这里强调的是，作者学习汉字的时机始终没有到来。故选C。
（5）句意：在一个中国的除夕之夜，我的叔叔用中文跟我说话，但我只能困惑地盯着他，摇着头。A. aim“目标”；B. joke“笑话”；C. nod“点头”；D. stare“盯着”。由本句中的confused可知，当叔叔跟作者讲汉语的时候，作者很困惑，因此只能用眼睛盯着叔叔看。故选D。
（6）句意：“还是不会说中文 ”他嘲笑我说，“在唐人街连一条鱼都买不到。”A. cared about“关心”；B. laughed at“嘲笑”；C. argued with“同意”；D. asked after“探问”。根据“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown”可推断出，叔叔是在嘲笑作者。故选B。
（7）句意：嘿，这是美国，不是中国。不管有没有中文，我现在就去买。A. right now“马上”；B. from now“从现在开始”；C. at times“有时”；D. in time“及时”。根据“I'll get some ___ with or without Chinese”及联系下段可知，作者想证明给叔叔看，现在就能去唐人街买到鱼。right now意为"现在，立即"，符合语境。故选A。
（8）句意：我回答道，然后转向妈妈寻求许可。A. decision“决定”；B. permission“允许”；C. information“信息”；D. preparation“准备”。根据下文，母亲说话的内容可知，作者希望征得母亲去买鱼。由语境可知，应为母亲的许可比较合适，故选B。
（9）句意：我重复着这句话，跑下楼来到唐人街的街道上。A. repeated“重复”；B. reviewed“复习”；C. spelled“拼写”；D. kept“保持”。根据上文母亲话中的Xin Xian Yu及作者没有学习汉语的背景可以推断出，作者为了防止忘掉要买的东西的名字，而不断重复着母亲的话。故选A。
（10）句意：我发现鱼摊被顾客包围了。A. farm“农场”；B. stand“货摊”；C. pond“池塘”；D. market“市场”。由卖鱼的人没有理会作者，转去给其他顾客服务可知，渔摊被顾客包围了。fish stand“鱼摊”，故选B。
（11）句意：但他不理会我的英语单词，转身为下一位顾客服务。A. guessed“猜想”；B. forgot“忘记”；C. doubted“疑惑”；D. ignored“忽略”。根据上文“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown”及本句中“turned to serve the next customer”可知，这个卖鱼人没有在意作者说的话，即无视，不理睬。故选D。
（12）句意：后面的人笑得越来越不耐烦了。A. by“在……旁边”；B. near“在……附近”；C. with“和，伴随”；D. from“从”。本句中“The laugh of the people behind increased”表明作者身后的人因为失去耐心而开始笑起来。with impatience，"因为不耐烦"。故选C。
（13）句意：每过一秒，我背上的龙的气息变得更强了，我的血液沸腾了——迫使我大声呼喊：“新鲜鱼！”A. second“秒”；B. effort“努力”；C. desire“欲望”；D. movement“移动”。根据上文“turned to serve the next customer”及本句中“the breath of the dragon on my back grew stronger”可知，每过一秒，作者都很生气了。故选A。
（14）句意：每过一秒，我背上的龙的气息变得更强了，我的血液沸腾了——迫使我大声喊出：“新鲜鱼！”A. forcing“迫使”；B. allowing“允许”；C. finding“发现”；D. leading“引领”。由本句中my blood boiling可知，作者被激怒了，因此强迫自己大声喊出要买的东西。故选A。
（15）句意：人群中爆发出笑声。我的脸变红了，我空手跑回家，除了手里紧紧攥着的那张20美元。A. bright“明亮的”；B. blank“空白的”；C. pale“苍白的”；D. red“红的”。根据上文“The crowd erupted into laughter”可知，因为作者说错了汉语而引来了大家的哄堂大笑，这让作者十分难堪，故作者的脸变红了。故选D。
（16）句意：人群中爆发出笑声。我的脸变红了，我空手跑回家，除了手里紧紧攥着的那张20美元。A. open-mouthed“目瞪口呆的”；B. tongue-tied“结结巴巴的”；C. empty-handed“空手的”；D. broken-hearted“心碎的”。根据上段中母亲让我买Xin Xian Yu及由本句中“expect for the $20 bill”可知，作者没有买到鱼，而是空着手回家的。故选C。
（17）句意：我该哭还是该笑 他们是中国人。我也是中国人。我应该感到自在、自如才对。A. service“服务”；B. home“家”；C. risk“冒险”；D. root“根”。根据“They're Chinese. I'm Chinese”可知，同为中国人，我应该感到自在、自如才对。这与下文的“Instead , I was the joke...”形成对比。feel right at home固定短语，“感觉自在”，故选B。
（18）句意：有时候，我嘲笑自己吃鱼的经历。A. trade“贸易”；B. confidence“自信”；C. challenge“挑战”；D. experience“经历”。由本句中“I laugh at”可知，作者时常以自己买鱼的那件买鱼的经历自嘲。故选D。
（19）句意：但最终，笑话是在我身上。A. it“它”；B. us“我们”；C. me“我”；D. them“他们”。这里作者以买鱼这件小事自嘲，当然自嘲的对象是作者本人。故选C。
（20）句意：每一个笑声都是一种文化的丧失。A. treasured“珍爱”；B. lost“丢失”；C. valued“评价”；D. reflected“反映”。根据下文的“every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away”及句子结构可知，该空应与fading away意思相近，此处作者想要表达的是作者嘲笑自己不熟悉母国的文化，是一种文化的丧失，故选B。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
27．（2020高一上·大庆期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过三个词）。
In
the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the
weather forecast, a business's phone number or directions, which can all be　 　 (easy) found on Google, but very often people
actually ask these things by　 　 (make) a call. Your answer may be replied to
with a thank-you e-mail.
This
isn't the first time that great changes 　 　 (take) place in our manners due　 　 technology. In 　 　 late 1870s, when the telephone 　 　 (invent), people didn't know how 　 　 (greet) a caller. Often there is just 　 　 (silent). Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor,
suggested that people 　 　 (say) "Ahoy", but finally "Hello"
went out, the greeting used in everyday face-to-face communications now.
Try
to be respectful no matter 　 　 you communicate with. Just keep it in mind
that politeness never goes out of fashion.
【答案】easily；making；have taken；to；the；was invented；to greet；silence；say/ should say；who
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代科技对人们生活方式所产生的巨大影响。
（1）句意：在智能手机时代，人们似乎没有理由去问诸如天气预报、企业电话号码或方向之类的问题，这些都可以在谷歌上轻易找到，但实际上人们经常通过打电话来问这些问题。修饰后文动词find应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。
（2）句意：在智能手机时代，人们似乎没有理由去问诸如天气预报、企业电话号码或方向之类的问题，这些都可以在谷歌上轻易找到，但实际上人们经常通过打电话来问这些问题。作介词by的宾语应用动名词形式。故填making。
（3）句意：由于科技的发展，我们的行为方式发生了巨大的变化，这已经不是第一次了。此处为“this/it is the first time that+现在完成时”句型，表示“第一次……”，that从句中用现在完成时，主语为changes，助动词用have。故填have taken。
（4）句意：由于科技的发展，我们的行为方式发生了巨大的变化，这已经不是第一次了。结合句意表示“由于”可知短语为due to。故填to。
（5）句意：在19世纪70年代末期，当电话发明的时候，人们还不知道如何招呼打电话的人。表示“在19世纪70年代末期”短语为in the late 1870s，中间需用定冠词the。故填the。
（6）句意：在19世纪70年代末期，当电话发明的时候，人们还不知道如何招呼打电话的人。分析句子可知，设空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合上文in the late 1870s可知用一般过去时，主语与为谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为telephone，谓语动词用单数。故填was invented。
（7）句意：在19世纪70年代末期，当电话发明的时候，人们还不知道如何招呼打电话的人。此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，表示“如何招呼”应用how to greet。故填to greet。
（8）句意：通常只有沉默。空处作主语，表示“沉默”应用名词silence，抽象概念，不可数。故填silence。
（9）句意：发明家亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔建议人们说“Ahoy”，但最后“Hello”出现了，这是现在日常面对面交流中使用的问候语。suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填say/ should say。
（10）句意：无论你和谁交流，都要尊重对方。分析句子可知，设空处和no matter一起引导让步状语从句，从句缺少宾语，且表示“谁”，应用who。故填who。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，冠词，语态，名词，虚拟语气以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
六、短文改错
28．（2020高一上·大庆期末）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Li
Hua and I were neighbours and we went to same school. We always went to school
together. We were good friend and had a great deal to share with every day.
However, one day, Li Hua copied my homework, which made me such angry that I
did not want to be friends with him any long. Then on Monday morning I ran
downstairs without realize it was raining, but there was no time to return home
to fetch an umbrella. It happens that Li Hua was just around the corner and he
offered to share her umbrella with me. He made an apology to me in a gently
voice. I forgave him but gave him a hug.
【答案】①在same前加the ②friend→ friends ③删去share后的with ④such →so ⑤long →longer ⑥realize →realizing ⑦happens →happened ⑧her→ his ⑨gently →gentle ⑩but →and
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和李华是好朋友，但有一天李华抄袭了作者的作业，这让作者非常生气，不想再和他成为朋友了。有一次下雨作者没拿伞，碰巧遇到李华，他主动提出要和作者共用雨伞并向我道歉。作者原谅了他并给了他一个拥抱。
①句意：李华和我是邻居，我们在同一个学校上学。此处“同一所学校”是特指，故用定冠词the。故在same前加the。
②句意：我们是好朋友。此处的朋友是“李华和我”，应为复数。故friend改为friends。
③句意：我们每天都有很多的东西要分享。share sth with sb.意为“和某人分享某物”。share的宾语是a great deal，share是由主语we发出的动作，表示我们有很多东西去分享。故将with去掉。
④句意：然而，有一天李华抄了我的作业，这让我很生气，以至于我再也不想和他做朋友了。so... that...是固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”，其中so为副词，修饰形容词或副词，angry为形容词，故应用so修饰。故such改为so。
⑤句意：然而，有一天，李华抄了我的作业,这让我很生气，以至于我再也不想和他做朋友了。not...any longer为固定搭配，意为“再也不…… ”，符合文意。故long改为longer。
⑥动词realize前为介词without，介词后接名词或动名词，应使用realizing作介词的宾语。故realize改为realizing。
⑦句意：碰巧李华就在附近，他提议与我共享他的雨伞。It happens that…为固定句型，“碰巧……”，符合文意。本文讲述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，谓语动词应使用过去式。故将happens改为happened。
⑧句意：碰巧李华就在附近，他提议与我共享他的雨伞。雨伞是李华的，根据文中代替李华的其他代词him和He可知，李华是男生，应使用his修饰umbrella。故her改为his。
⑨句意：他用柔和的声音向我道歉。voice 是名词，应使用形容词修饰，gently的形容词形式是gentle。故gently改为gentle。
⑩句意：我原谅了他并给了他一个拥抱。but前后的两部分之间的关系是并列的，并非转折关系，应使用并列连词and。故but改为and。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，介词，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，代词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
七、书面表达
29．（2020高一上·大庆期末）假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Michael想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院（Confucius
Institute），请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1）推荐理由；
2）相关课程：中国历史，传统文化等。
Dear Michael,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Michael,
I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native, is absolutely my top recommendation.
Confucius Institute provides various interesting subjects. You will learn gorgeous Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese writing. Furthermore, you have more opportunities to talk with classmates in Chinese. In addition, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Day and Mid-Autumn Day. Some relevant activities will be kicked off during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope my recommendation will meet you need. Anything else I can do for you, just call me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写封邮件。写作背景：你的加拿大朋友Michael想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）推荐理由；2）相关课程：中国历史，传统文化等。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；Confucius Institute, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native, is absolutely my top recommendation.运用了非限制性定语从句； Some relevant activities will be kicked off during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.运用了被动语态，非限制性定语从句； I hope my recommendation will meet you need. 运用了宾语从句。